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their wish at once, and to come to a settlement justly and peaceably. As I have said, over and over again, something must give way; something, some part or other of this present system, must yield to the mighty pressure. It is the circumstances, and not my writings alone, that are at work. But men situated as the parsons now are, will not see the true cause; and thus it is that danger becomes destruction.

Mind, one of these papers was put into enough for them to do to answer the hand of every person who went to Two-PENNY TRASH, No. 7. Let them hear me; so that this orphan had this send me an answer to that, and that paper to read after I came away. This will be occupation for them for some paper was the thing most likely to pro- time. And by way of amusement let duce impression on his mind; and a them read the petition now signing in strange mind indeed must that have the COUNTY OF SUFFOLK, which conbeen, if this urged him to commit a cludes with praying, that "the tithes violent act of any description. Never" may again be applied, as originally was any thing so foul as this charge. "intended to be; namely, to the relief All my efforts tended to put a stop to of the poor and the repair of the violence; for, what was so likely to put "churches, instead of the people being a stop to it, as for the farmers, in every heavily taxed for these purposes." Let parish, to call all the people together, to them read such things as this; and let explain to them the causes of their in- them answer these petitioners. Howability to pay sufficient wages, to sign a ever, let them do what they like, and petition along with them, and exhort say what they like, they never can them to wait patiently till there had been change men's minds upon this most im time to consider their petitions? And portant subject. On this point the whole this was the advice that I every-where nation, the parties interested in upholdgave. If this advice had been followed, ing tithes excepted, are of one mind; there would have been an instant and the prudent course is, to yield to stop to all the violences, and the dreadful scenes which we now behold in the West would never have been beheld at all. Aye, aye; the calumniators know this as well as I do! But, I have written the HISTORY OF THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION! I have taught the people WHAT TITHES WERE GRANTED FOR: and I have written the Poor MAN'S FRIEND, maintaining the RIGHTS OF THE POOR; and I have written the YEAR'S RESIDENCE IN AMERICA, showing how well people are off in a country where there are no pensions, sinecures, THE AMERICAN PRESIDENT'S standing armies, nor tithes; and I have written 12 SERMONS, two of which treat of cruelty to the poor, and of parsons and tithes; and I have written the EMIGRANT'S GUIDE, showing how soon a miserable English pauper becomes a man of property, when he has landed in a country where there are hardly any taxes and no tithes. These are my real sins; and thumping sins they are. They are, however, past praying for. They are committed. They have produced, and are producing, their effect; and it is perfectly useless to abuse their author. If the parsons would set about answering the HISTORY OF THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION, they would act a more becoming part than they are now acting . towards me. However, there is quite

MESSAGE.

[FROM THE NEW YORK DAILY ADVERTISER, DEC. 9.]

received the President's Message by express. A LITTLE after twelve o'clock last night, we The person engaged to bring it to this city would have reached here at a much earlier hour but for a disappointment in his arrangements in Philadelphia. He, however, by his perseverance, has enabled us to lay it before our readers at an early hour this morning.

The National Intelligencer of Tuesday states, that a large proportion of the Members of ConGeneral Smith, of Maryland, took the chair. gress were present on Monday. In the Senate, In the House of Representatives, Mr. Speaker Stevenson was absent; but we learn from The Baltimore Patriot of Tuesday evening, that the Speaker arrived at Washington on Tuesday morning.

Both Houses met on Tuesday, when the following Message was delivered :

MESSAGE.

FELLOW-CITIZENS OF THE SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.-The pleasure I have in congratulating you on your return to your constitutional duties is much heightened by the satisfaction which the condition of our beloved country at this period justly inspires. The beneficent Author of all good has granted to us, during the present year, health, peace, aud plenty, and numerous causes for joy in the wonderful success which attends the progress of our free institutions.

standing the strong assurances which the man whom we so sincerely love and justly admire has given to the world of the high character of the present King of the French, and which, if sustained to the end, will secure to him the proud appellation of the Patriot King, it is not in his success, but in that of the great principle which has borne him to the throne-the paramount authority of the public will-that the American people rejoice.

I am happy to inform you, that the anticipa tions which were indulged at the date of my With a population unparalleled in its in- last communication on the subject of our focrease, and possessing a character which com-reign affairs, have been fully realised in sevebines the hardihood of enterprize with the ral important particulars. considerateness of wisdom, we see in every section of our happy country a steady improvement in the means of social intercourse, and correspondent effects upon the genius and laws of our extended Republic.

All arrangement has been effected with Great Britain, in relation to the trade between the United States and her West India and North American Colonies, which has settled a question that has for years afforded matThe apparent exceptions to the harmony of ter for contention and almost uninterupted the prospect are to be referred rather to inevit-discussion, and has been the subject of no less able diversities in the various interests which than six negociations, in a manner which enter into the composition of so extensive a promises results highly favourable to the whole, than to any want of attachment to the parties. Union-interests, whose collision serves only, in the end, to foster the spirit of conciliation and patriotism, so essential to the preservation of that union, which, I most devoutly hope, is destined to prove imperishable.

In the midst of these blessings, we have recently witnessed changes in the condition of other nations, which may in their consequences call for the utmost vigilance, wisdom, and unanimity in our Councils, and the exercise of all the moderation and patriotism of our people.

The abstract right of Great Britain to monopolise the trade with her Colonies, or to exclude us from a participation therein, has never been denied by the United States. But we have contended, and with reason, that if at any time Great Britain may desire the productions of this country, as necessary to her Colonies, they must be received upon principles of just reciprocity; and further, that it is making an invidious and unfriendly distinction to open her colonial ports to the vessels of other nations and close them against those of the United States.

The important modifications of their Goverument, effected with so much courage and Antecedently to 1794, a portion of our prowisdom by the people of France, afford a happy ductions was admitted into the Colonial islands presage of their future course, and have natu- of Great Britain by particular concessions, rally elicited from the kindred feelings of this limited to the term of one year, but renewed nation that spontaneous and universal burst from year to year. In the transportation of of applause in which you have participated. these productions, however, our vessels were In congratulating you, my fellow-citizens, not allowed to engage; This being a privilege upon an event so auspicious to the dearest reserved to British shipping, by which alone interests of mankind, I do no more than re- our produce could be taken to the islands, and spond to the voice of my country, without theirs brought to us in return. From Newtransgressing, in the slightest degree, that foundland and her continental possessions, all salutary maxim of the illustrious Washington, her productions, as well as our vessels, were which enjoins an abstinence from all inter-excluded, with occasional relaxations, by ference with the internal affairs of other which, in seasons of distress, the former were nations. From a people exercising, in the admitted in British bottoms. most unlimited degree, the right of self-government, and enjoying, as derived from this proud characteristic, under the favour of Heaven, much of the happiness with which they are blessed; a people who can point in triumph to their free institutions, and challenge comparison with the fruits they bear, as well as with the moderation, intelligence, and energy, with which they are administered; from such a people, the deepest sympathy was to be expected in a struggle for the sacred principles of liberty, conducted in a spirit every way worthy of the cause, and crowned by an heroic moderation which has disarmed revolution of its terrors. Notwith

By the Treaty of 1794, she offered to concede to us, for a limited time, the right of carrying to her West India possessions, in our vessels not exceeding seventy tons burden, and upon the same terms with British vessels, any productions of the United States which British vessels might import therefrom. But this privilege was coupled with conditions which are supposed to have led to its rejection by the Senate; that is, that American vessels should land their return cargoes in the United States only; and, moreover, that they should, during the continuance of the privilege, be precluded from carrying molasses, sugar, coffee, cocoa, or cotton,

either from those islands or from the United | nations that have so many motives, not only States, to any other part of the world. Great to cherish feelings of mutual friendship, but Britain readily consented to expunge this article from the treaty; and subsequent attempts to arrange the terms of the trade, either by treaty, stipulation, or concerted legislation, having failed, it has been successively suspended and allowed, according to the varying legislation of the parties.

The following are the prominent points which have, in late years, separated the two Governments. Besides a restriction, whereby all importations into her Colonies in American vessels are confined to our own products carried hence-a restriction to which it does not appear that we have ever objected-a leading object on the part of Great Britain has been to prevent us from becoming the carriers of British West India commodities to any other country than our own. On the part of the United States, it has been conteuded: 1st That the subject should be regulated by treaty stipulations, in preference to separate legislation; 2d. That our productions, when imported into the colonies in question, should not be subject to higher duties than the productions of the mother country, or of her other colonial possessions; and, 3d, That our vessels should be allowed to participate in the circuitous trade between the United States and different parts of the British dominions.

to maintain such relations as will stimulate their respective citizens and subjects to efforts on direct, open, and honourable competition only, and preserve them from the influence of seductive and vitiating circumstances.

When your preliminary interposition was asked at the close of the last Session, a copy of the instructions under which Mr. M'Lane has acted, together with the communicatious which had at that time passed between him and the British Government, was laid before you. Although there has not been any-thing in the acts of the two Governments which requires secrecy, it was thought most proper, in the then state of the negociation, to make that communication a confidential one. So. soon, however, as the evidence of execution on the part of great Britain is received, the whole matter shall be laid before you, when it will be seen that the apprehension which ap. pears to have suggested one of the provisions of the Act passed at your last Session, that the restoration of the trade in question might be connected with other subjects, and was. sought to be obtained at the sacrifice of the public interest in other particulars, was wholly unfounded; and that the chauge which has taken place in the views of the British GovernThe first point, after having been for a long ment has been induced by considerations as time strenuously insisted upon by Great Bri-honourable to both parties, as, I trust, the tain, was given up by the Act of Parliament result will prove beneficial. of July, 1825; all vessels suffered to trade with the colonies being permitted to clear from thence with any articles which British vessels might export, and to proceed to any part of the world, Great Britain and her de-acceptation and annunciation by the Presi pendencies alone excepted. On our part, each of the above points had, in succession, been explicitly abandoned, in negociations preceding that of which the result is now announced.

This arrangement secures to the United States every advantage asked by them, and which the state of the negociation allowed us to insist upon. The trade will be placed upon a footing decidedly more favourable to this country than any on which it ever stood; and our commerce and navigation will enjoy, in the colonial ports of Great Britain, every privilege allowed by other nations.

This desirable result was, it will be seen, greatly promoted by the liberal and confiding provisions of the Act of Congress of the last Session, by which our ports were, upon the

dent of the required assurance on the part of Great Britain, forthwith opened to her vessels, before the arrangements could be carried into effect on her part; pursuing, in this act of prospective legislation, a similar course to that adopted by Great Britain, in abolishing, by her Act of Parliament, in 1825, a restriction then existing, and permitting our vessels to clear from the colonies, on their return voyages, for any foreign country whatever, before British vessels had been relieved from the restriction imposed by our law, of returning directly from the United States to the colo nies-a restriction which she required and That the prosperity of the country, so far as expected that we should abolish. Upon each it depends on this trade, will be greatly pro- occasion a limited and temporary advantage moted by the new arrangement, there can be has been given to the opposite party, but an. no doubt. Independently of the more obvious advantage of no importance in comparison advantages of an open and direct intercourse, with the restoration of the mutual confidence its establishment will be attended with other and good feeling, and the ultimate establishconsequences of a higher value. That whichment of the trade upon fair principles. has been carried on since the mutual inter- It gives me unfeigned pleasure to assure dict, under all the expense and inconvenience you that this negociation has been, throughunavoidably incident to it, would have been out, characterised by the most frank and insupportably onerous, had it not been, in a friendly spirit on the part of Great Britain, great degree, lightened by concerted evasions and concluded in a manner strongly indicative in the mode of making the transhipments at of a sincere desire to cultivate the best relawhat are called the neutral ports. These in- tions with the United States. To reciprocate directions are inconsistent with the dignity of this disposition to the fullest extent of my

ability, is a duty which I shall deem it a privilege to discharge.

|cessor, as to have become incorporated with the public sentiment of the United States. No Although the result is itself the best com- means will be left unemployed on my part to mentary on the services rendered to his promote those salutary feelings, and those imcountry by our Minister at the Court of St. provements of which the commercial interJames, it would be doing violence to my feel-course between the two countries is equally ings were I to dismiss the subject without ex-susceptible, and which have derived increased pressing the very high sense I entertain of the importance from our treaty with the Sublime talent and exertions which have been dis- Porte. played by him on the occasion.

I sincerely regret to inform you that our Minister lately commissioned to that Court, on whose distinguished talents and great experience in public affairs I place great reliance, has been compelled, by extreme indisposition, to exercise a privilege, which, in consideration of the extent to which his constitution has been impaired in the public service, was com-1 mitted to his discretion, of leaving temporarily his post for the advantage of a more genial climate.

The injury to the commerce of the United States resulting from the exclusion of our vessels from the Black Sea, and the previous footing of mere sufferance upon which even the limited trade enjoyed by us with Turkey has hitherto been placed, have, for a long time, been a source of much solicitude to this Government, and several endeavours have been made to obtain a better state of things. Sensible of the importance of the object, I felt it my duty to leave no proper means unem- If, as it is to be hoped, the improvement of ployed to acquire for our flag the same pri- his health will be such as to justify him in vileges that are enjoyed by the principal Pow-doing so, he will repair to St. Petersburgh, and ers of Europe. Commissioners were, con. resume the discharge of his official duties. sequently, appointed to open a negociation I have received the most satisfactory assurwith the Sublime Porte. Not long after the ance, that in the mean time, the public interMember of the Commission, who went directly ests in that quarter will be preserved from from the United States, had sailed, the ac- prejudice, by the intercourse which he will count of the treaty of Adrianople, by which continue, through the Secretary of Legation, one of the objects in view was supposed to be with the Russian Cabinet. secured, reached this country. The Black Sea was understood to be opened to us. Under the supposition that this was the case, the additional facilities to be derived from the establishment of commercial regulations with the Porte were deemed of sufficient importance to require a prosecution of the negociation as originally contemplated. It was, therefore, persevered in, and resulted in a treaty which will forthwith be laid before the Senate.

You are apprised, although the fact has not yet been officially announced to the House of Representatives, that a treaty was, in the month of March last, concluded between the United States and Denmark, by which 650,000 dollars are secured to our citizens as an indemnity for spoliations upon their commerce in the years 1808, 1809, 1810, 1811. This treaty was sanctioned by the Senate at the close of its last session, and it now becomes the duty of Congress to pass the necessary laws for the organization of the Board of Commissioners to distribute the indemnity amongst the claimants. It is an agreeable circumstance in this adjustment, that its terms are in conformity with the previously áscertained views of the claimants themselves; thus removing all pretence for a future agitation of the subject in any form.

By its provisions a free passage is secured, without limitation of time, to the vessels of the United States to and from the Black Sea, including the navigation thereof; and our trade with Turkey is placed on the footing of the most favoured nations.-The latter is an arrangement wholly independent of the treaty of Adrianople; and the former derives much value not only from the increased security which, under any circumstances, it Of the points not yet adjusted, the most would give to the right in question, but from prominent are our claims upon France for the fact, ascertained in the course of the ue-spoliations upon our commerce; similar claims gociation, that, by the construction put upon that Treaty by Turkey, the article relating to the passage of the Bosphorus is confined to nations having Treaties with the Porte. The most friendly feelings appear to be entertained by the Sultan, and an enlightened disposition is evinced by him to foster the intercourse between the two countries by the most liberal arrangements. This disposition it will be our duty and interest to cherish.

upon Spain, together with embarrassments in the commercial intercourse between the two countries, which ought to be removed; the conclusion of the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation with Mexico, which has been so long in suspense, as well as the final settlement of limits between ourselves and that Republic; and finally, the arbitrament of the question between the United States and Great Britain in regard to the North eastern boundary.

Our relations with Russia are the most stable character. Respect for that empire, The negociation with France has been conand confidence in its friendship towards the ducted by our Minister with zeal and ability, United States, have been so long entertained and in all respects to my entire satisfaction. pn our part, and so carefully cherished by the Although the prospect of a favourable terminresent Emperor and his illustrious predeation was occasionally dimmed by counter

pretensions to which the United States could it became my painful duty to advert to on a not assent, he yet had strong hopes of being former occasion, have been, I believe, entirely able to arrive at a satisfactory settlement removed; and the Government of Mexico has with the late Government. The negociation beeu made to understand the real character has been renewed by the present authorities; of the wishes and views of this in regard to and, seusible of the general and lively confi- this country. The consequence is, the esdence of our citizeus in the justice and mag-tablishment of friendship and mutual connanimity of regenerated France, I regret fidence. Such are the assurances which I the more not to have it in my power yet to have received, and I see no cause to doubt announce the result so confidently anticipated. their sincerity. No ground, however, inconsistent with this I had reason to expect the conclusion of a expectation, has been taken; and I do not commercial treaty with Mexico, in season for allow myself to doubt that justice will soon be communication on the present occasion. Cir. done to us. The amount of the claims, the cumstances which are not explained, but length of time they have remained unsatisfied, which, I am persuaded, are not the result of and their incontrovertible justice, make an an indisposition on her part to enter into it, earnest prosecution of them by this Govern-have produced the delay. ment an urgent duty. The illegality of the There was reason to fear, in the course of seizures and confiscations out of which they the last summer, that the harmony of our rehave arisen is not disputed; and whatever lations might be disturbed by the acts of cerdistinctions may have been heretofore set up tain claimants, under Mexican grants, of with regard to the liability of the existing territory which has hitherto been under our Government, it is quite clear that such consi-jurisdiction.-The co-operation of the reprederations cannot now be interposed. sentative of Mexico to this Government was The commercial intercourse between the asked on the occasion, and was readily affordtwo countries is susceptible of highly advan-ed. Instructions and advice have been given tageous improvements; but the sense of this to the Governor of Arkansas, and the officers injury has had, and must continue to have, a in command in the adjoining Mexican state, very unfavourable influence upon them. From by which it is hoped the quiet of that frontier its satisfactory adjustment, not only a firm will be preserved, until a final settlement of and cordial friendship, but a progressive de- the dividing line shall have removed all ground velopment of their relations, may be expect of controversy. ed. It is, therefore, my earnest hope, that this old and vexatious subject of difference may be speedily removed.

I feel that my confidence in our appeal to the motives which should govern a just and magnanimous nation is alike warranted by the character of the French people, and by the high voucher we possess for the enlarged views and pure integrity of the Monarch who now presides over her councils; and nothing shall be wanting on my part to meet any manifestation of the spirit we anticipate in one of corresponding frankness and liberality. The subjects of difference with Spain have been brought to the view of that Government, by our Minister there, with much force aud propriety; and the strongest assurances have been received of their early and favourable

consideration.

The exchange of ratifications of the treaty concluded last year with Austria has not yet taken place. The delay has been occasioned by the non-arrival of the ratification of that Government within the time prescribed by the treaty. Renewed authority has been asked for by the representative of Austria; and in the meantime the rapidly-increasing trade and navigation between the two countries have been placed upon the most liberal footing of our navigation acts,

Several alleged depredations have been recently committed on our commerce by the national vessels of Portugal. They have been made the subject of immediate remonstrance and reclamation. I am not yet possessed of sufficient information to express a definitive opinion of their character, but expect soon to receive it. No proper means shall be omitted to obtain for our citizens all the redress to which they may appear to be entitled.

It gives me pleasure to announce to Con gress, that the benevolent policy of the Government, steadily pursued for nearly thirty years, in relation to the removal of the Indians beyond the white settlement,is approaching to a happy consummation. Two import ant tribes have accepted the provisions made for their removal at the last Session of Congress; and it is believed that their example will induce the remaining tribes also to seek the same obvious advantages.

The consequences of a speedy removal will be important to the United States, to indivi dual States, and to the ludians themselves. The pecuniary advantages which it promises