sippus and Co., will be found perfectly compatible with the calm allusion in his later Odes (e. g. 3 C. 11. 17-20; 4 C. 1x. 39-44, &c.) to those moral energies of that high doc-` trine, which Roman virtue alone might realize or approach.

VI.)

From the same correctness of view, that topic of literature now lost, De Personis Horatianis, will yet derive considerable illustration, especially as to some of his most valuable friends. Thus, Septimius (2 C. vi.) who with an honest cordiality invites Horace to live and die with him at his adored Tarentum, is still recognised as the same worthy man and equally beloved, when after a few years, weary of retirement, he turns adventurer, and gains that exquisite letter of introduction (1 E. Ix.) to the young Prince Tiberius, then in Asia.

Again, Iccius, whose pursuit of philosophy did not conceal from Horace his hankering after wealth, sustains a sharp but delicate chastisement (1 C. xxix.) at an early period: some ten years afterwards (1 E. xII.) (when in Sicily as the procurator of Agrippa) he receives an Epistle introductory of Grosphus, already settled there, (2 C. xvI. 33,) in which the sweet is very ingeniously made to predominate over the bitter, and to all appearance quite consistently with honesty and truth.

It is to Horace's moral treatment of Iccius, and to other cases like it perhaps, such as that of Quintius Hirpinus (2 C. XI; 1 E. xvI. 17, &c.) and it may be to that of Virgil also (4 C. XII. 15. 21, &c.); that his most devoted admirer, Persius, seems to bear this happy and characteristic testimony.

Omne vafer vitium ridenti Flaccus amico

Tangit, et admissus circum præcordia ludit. - Sat. I. 116, 7.

And yet-arch Horace, while he strove to mend,

Probed all the foibles of his smiling friend;

Played lightly round and round the peccant part,
And won, unfelt, an entrance to his heart.

GIFFORD

In the dedication of Horatius Restitutus, here preserved* it will not be considered as an extravagant compliment, if I have styled Dr. Bentley the Prince of Critics. For what is the constant language of the present generation, and amongst the scholars of the Continent? Hermann, himself confessedly," a scholar and a philosopher of the highest order," in one of his critical works, De R. Bentleio ejusque editione Terentii Dissertatio, tells us distinctly, that from his preceptor, F. V. Reiz, he inherited the disposition to honour Bentley, tanquam perfectissimum critici exemplum: and he has admirably concentered his own eulogy of that character in the following definition which he afterwards expands.

"Erat Bentleius vir infinitæ doctrince, acutissimi sensus, acerrimi judicii. Et his tribus rebus omnis laus et virtus continetur Critici."

ESPECIALLY TO THOSE PUPILS OF MINE

WHO HAVE BEEN OR NOW ARE ON THE FOUNDATION,
I INSCRIBE THIS BOOK,

P.S. An earnest anxiety to learn whatever yet may be accurately known about the Fons Bandusinus, maintained to be the old genuine and only fountain of that name, near to Venusia (or Venosa), induced me to consult Dr. George Errington, Pro-Rector of the English college at Rome. Accordingly I requested from him the advantage of any research which his command of the libraries there might give, into the subject proposed; he was particularly desired to examine every document which he could find, bearing on the question in the Abbé Chaupy's Decouverte de la Maison de Campagne d'Horace, Vol. 111. pp. 364. 538, &c.

In a long, curious, entertaining Letter lately received, my learned and accomplished correspondent assures me, that while the extract itself from the Bull of Pascal the 11d (about which I inquired) is indeed literally correct, he considers its application, however, as very suspicious; from the manner in which Chaupy "sees a little, presumes a great deal, and so jumps to the conclusion."

The passage quoted by Chaupy and more fully given by Mr. Hobhouse (vide the close of the Dissertation for particulars) contains, to be sure, various words-de Castello Bandusii-in Bandusino fonte apud Venusiam, &c., which seem full of excellent promise: but when rigidly examined, those words leave nothing essential, beyond the simple fact, that in the year A.D. 1103, "at or near Venosa there was a Church called in Fonte Bandusino, for what cause so called cannot now be ascertained."

The fountain itself, somewhere in that neighbourhood beyond a doubt, existed apparently in Horace's day. But while the precise spot of the Poet's birth, on the banks of the Aufidus, and therefore if geography may be trusted, not. immediately near to Venusia, has but little chance now of ever being exactly determined, the original Fons Bandusinus must without a sigh be resignedto its fate; perhaps that of an extinct fountain in a country more or less subject to volcanic

influence. And finally, in referring here to Mr. Cramer's Ancient Italy, Vol. 11. p. 290, I beg to be candidly understood as not at all impeaching his general accuracy: he does but exhibit, avowedly so, the specious result of Chaupy's discoveries, when he says of the Fons Bandusinus (in the Bull alluded to, APUD Venusiam), "that we ought to restore it to its true position, about six miles from Venosa, on the site named Palazzo." Let the right or the wrong of all this repose with Capmartin de Chaupy.

Habeat secum, servetque sepulchro.

INTRODUCTION

TO

THE PRESENT EDITION.

On a new edition of Horatius Restitutus appearing, some account may naturally be expected of what has been done, in the way of addition and improvement, to constitute an increased claim for its kind reception with the lovers of Roman literature.

In the first place, the Preliminary Dissertation remains in the arrangement of its principal parts the same as before; and though with great enlargement in the materials of new and interesting observation, yet not so far, it is hoped, as to render any one topic disproportionate or tedious. To preserve as much as possible something like unity in the composition, such new subjects as from their importance seemed to justify a larger discussion, it has been thought advisable to form into separate articles of Appendix, with the best arrangement which the diversity of nature in many of them would permit.

Amongst other additions, the Chronological Table now so much extended in its plan, pp. 90-94, may fairly be reckoned. I am indebted to Lord Holland's kindness, who has taken a most friendly interest in Horatius Restitutus, for the very just suggestion, that greater particularity and fulness of detail would give increased value to the Chronology, which beyond a doubt was too brief before. And Mr. H. Fynes Clinton, whose judgment I solicited on the MS. in its altered state, honoured me with the following reply: