upward of 5007. the amount raised at the preceding anniversary. Of this sum more than 4007. had been provided, by the zeal of some friends, in order to cover any defalcations that might arise in consequence of the attacks which had been made on the Society. The Report of the Association announced, however, that those defal cations, so far as had then appeared, amounted to but four annual guineas. Beside this sum of 12431. 17s. 9d. the Association had raised 18587. 10s. 11d. during the preceding year, amounting very nearly to the sum of three thousand guineas contributed by these liberal friends in little more than twelve months, in addition to more than four hundred pounds to the ship fund.

Other associations have contri-, buted largely in proportion to their power, from very limited sums, up to nearly 1000l. each.

New associations have been form ed during the year at Ashbourne, as a branch of the Derbyshire; at Pontefract; at Gainsborough; at Shrewsbury, for the county of Salop; at Bath; at Preston; and in the New School-room, in the north-east part of the Forest of Dean, as a branch of the Glouces tershire association; while at Carlisle, at Nottingham, and at Hereford, Associations which had existed be. fore in a more private way, have been regularly organized and considerably enlarged. At Ashbourne, at Manchester, at Worcester, and at York, ladies' associations have been established, and have been brought powerfully into action in aid of the Society.

We are glad to find that the resolutions at the meetings of associations are now very generally formed on the principle of bringing forward the prominent circumstances in the proceedings of the Society.

The Committee renew their acknowledgments to several very liberal but anonymous benefactors of the Society: to one in particular,

who accompanied a donation of five hundred pounds, with the following intimation: :- "I have more appli cations for charity than are suitable to my circumstances; but, as long as I have any thing left, I cannot deny myself the only gratification which I desire, that of doing good."

Sir Alexander Johnston, Chief Justice of Ceylon, who had just come home on a visit, has accepted, at the request of the Committee, the office of one of the vice presidents of the Society; and the Hon. and Rev. Gerard Thomas Noel, and the Rev. John William Cunningham, for their able and successful exertions for the Society, have been appointed honorary governors for life.

The Committee refer the members to the statement of the accounts, for the various particulars of expenditure. They, however, report, generally, that, while the income of the last two years has amounted to 43,000l., the expenditure has reached 41,0002.; making the ave rage income of each year 21,500, and the average expenditure 20,500l. Promising calls for expenditure seem to keep a steady pace with the increase of Christian charity. The Committee, in referring to the expenditure of the year, present a brief statement of those objects to which the income is applied.

The Society has now seven missions- the Mediterranean, the Calcutta and North India, the Madras and South India, the Ceylon, the Australasia, the West Africa, and the West Indies. In these missions there are about thirty stations; connected with which are more than seventy schools. In these stations there are about one hundred Christian teachers, of the various descriptions of missionaries, catechists, readers of the Scripture, schoolmasters, and settlers; of which teachers, more than a fourth are married. Nearly four thousand children are receiving Christian education; and, of these, about

four hundred and fifty are wholly supported at the expense of the Society: beside which children, there are many adult scholars. The Gospel is, also, constantly preached to thousands of the heathen, and has been blessed to the conversion of many,

In the adoption of these missions, the Committee were led, by degrees, as the Providence of God opened opportunities before them. No Society could at once have planned such a series and system of missions: and it is no small satisfaction to review, in this respect, the steps of the Society, and to see how God seems to have graciously led it forward, and fixed it in positions most favourably situated for inAuence on the Mahomedan and Heathen world. On a review of these missions, it will be seen that the Society has to deal with man in almost every stage of civilization; from the noble but uncultivated New Zealander, upward, through the more civilized African, and the still more refined Hindoo, to the acute and half-enlightened Mahomedan, and the different gradations in which Christianity is enjoyed by the Abyssinian, the Syrian, and the Greek Churches.

Towards the close of the preceding October, eight English clergy. men and two Lutheran were dismissed to their labours; namely, the Rev. John Collier and the Rev. Henry Charles Decker, with Mrs. Collier and Mrs. Decker, and John Maxwell, an African youth; all destined to Sierra Leone-the Rev. James Connor, proceeding to the Mediterranean-the Rev. Joseph Fenn, the Rev. Henry Baker, and the Rev. George Theophilus Barenbruck, with Mrs. Fenn and Mrs. Barenbruck, about to sail for Madras and Travancore-and the Rev. Samuel Lambrick, the Rev. Robert Mayor, the Rev. Benjamin Ward, and the Rev. Joseph Knight, with Mrs. Mayor and Mrs. Ward, whose stations are to be in Ceylon.

The head-quarters of the Medi

terranean mission are the island of Malta. From this commanding station, Christians have easy access, in their efforts to revive and propagate the faith, to important portions of the three continents of the Old World, by a line of coast equal in extent to half the circumference of the globe. The chief objects of this mission have more than once come before our readers.

In passing through Paris, to embark at Marseilles, Mr. Connor availed himself of an introductory letter to Baron Silvestre de Sacy.

The Bible Society lately formed at Malta will doubtless greatly contribute to unite and increase the exertions of Christians in the diffusion of Scripture-light around the Mediterranean and Black Seas. There are, at present, three versions or editions of the Scriptures, to which the Church Missionary Society's representatives in the Mediterranean are lending their aid - the

modern Greek, the Maltese, and the Ethiopic. The revision of the modern Greek version of the New Testament already in existence, and the translation of the Old Testament into modern Greek, which has never yet been executed, are measures of the great. est promise with reference to the Greek Church. The importance of the second undertaking will be felt, when it is considered that the crowded population of Malta and Goza never yet possessed the Scriptures in their own tongue; and that such a version will not be limited in its usefulness to those islands, the Maltese language being a daughter of the Arabic, and opening the way to other languages.

We have already mentioned the discovery of a valuable Ethiopic manuscript copy of the first eight books of the Old Testament (Christ. Observ. 1818, p. 63.) and the hopes entertained of giving a complete edi. tion of the Scriptures in that language. It is well known that most of the Eastern Churches have, like the Roman, both an ecclesiastical and

a vulgar tongue. In that of Abyssinia, the Ethiopic is the ecclesiastical, and the Amharic the vulgar. In the Syrian Churches of Mesopotamia and of Malabar, or wher'ever else there may be Syrian Churches, the Syriac is the ecclesiastical tongue; while, in Mesopotamia, the vulgar is the Arabic; and, in Malabar, it is the Malayalim; and, elsewhere, it is the vernacular language of the country. Among the Copts in Egypt, the Coptic is the church language, but the Arabic that of the people. In the Greek Church, the ancient Greek is still used in the offices; and the Old Testament read in the version of the Septuagint, and the New in the original text: while Romaïc, or modern Greek, Arabic, or Turkish, is spoken by the people. In the Armenian Church the Scriptures are read in a language but ill understood by the people: and this is the case in the Russian Church. For the benefit of this last, an edition of the Scriptures has been printed, by order of the Emperor, preserving both the ancient Slavonic text and the modern Russian.

In publishing the Scriptures, therefore, in the Ethiopic, Syriac, and other church languages, the direct object in view is the enlightening and elevation of the priests of the respective communions by Scripture truth and charity; in order that, by their means, translations may be made for the use of the people whom they are appointed to instruct, and for the conversion of the heathen who surround them. This plan is now actually in progress among the Syrian priests in Malabar; who are engaged in translating the Scriptures from the Syriac, their ecclesiastical tongue, into the Malayalim, the language of the people.

Much important information has been transmitted by Mr. Jowett, respecting the state of Abyssinia, Egypt, Tripoli, Tunis, and Algiers, while Dr. Naudi also has been

actively and usefully employed, particularly in the compilation of scriptural tracts. The establishment of this mission furnishes most interesting openings for several clergymen attached to classical and oriental pursuits, to promote its objects in the East.

The concerns of the Calcutta and North India Mission are acquiring, under the direction of its corresponding committee at Calcutta, both extent and solidity.

In the different schools of the mission there were, at the beginning of last year, about 500 children. The number has been since much angmented.

They have printed an edition of extracts from the Common Prayer Book in Hindoostanee, and the Epistle to the Romans in the same language, which have been found of great use at Agra, Chunar, and elsewhere; and a small catechism, adapted to the native schools and catechumens. They have it in contemplation to print also the Prayer-book in Bengalee and in the Nagree character with all practicable dispatch.

On Mr. Corrie's arrival at Calcutta, he communicated to the corresponding committee the wish of the Society, that its premises at Garden Reach should be occupied by a "Christian Institution;" for the supply of Christian teachers, the maintenance and extension of education, and the employment of the press. Measures were, in consequence, immediately taken to accomplish this object.

On Sunday, the 12th of October, Mr. Corrie preached a sermon for the Society at the Old Church at Calcutta. The collection was about 3007. After the service a Native, from Bareilly, was baptiz ed, by the name of Fuez Messeeh : he had been a year under instruction, and gave satisfactory evidence of his sincerity.

At Kidderpore, about a mile from the Mission House at Garden Reach, Mr. Greenwood had be

tween twenty and thirty boys learning to read and write English, and two new schools are to be added. Three schools-in Burdwan, and at Lackoody and Ryawn-were some time since taken under the Society's care: additional schools have been since opened at Kahal Gong, Konchunagore, Jongpore, Cumaulpore, and Gowtumpore. The average attendance at the first three schools was, by the last returns, about 350. The returns of the additional schools have not yet been received. The cost of the eight schools has been about 900 rupees, or 147. each; and the monthly expense attending each school, consisting of from 100 to 150 boys, is calculated at twentythree rupees, or about 357. per

annum.

At Chunar the state of the schools, at the end of last year, was as follows:

1. An English free-school containing twenty four boys, chiefly of European extraction, or sons of native Christians: all read the Scriptures: many of them write; and a few learn arithmetic. 2. A Persian and Hindoostanee school had thirty-three scholars, twentysix of whom were native Christians, and seven heathens: all the native Christians and three of the heathens read Martyn's translations. 3. A Persian school, in the town, had twenty-six Hindoo and Mussulman children; two only of whom read the Persian and Hindoostanee Gospels. 4. A Hindee school had thirty-five boys, learning writing and arithmetic; of these twenty had learnt, from a tract, the Ten Commandments in verse. Besides these, a Sunday school was opened for the native Christians, for the repetition of passages of Scripture and catechising.

At Agra, Abdool Messee was going on with great simplicity, activity, and piety; but his health was rapidly declining beneath his labours. Other native converts, CHRIST. OBSERV. APP.

also, have exemplified a consistent deportment.

in the Meerut and Delhi district, Permunund has been baptized by the name of Anund Messeeh (Joy of Christ). His visit to the stran gers from Delhi, &c. has already been detailed in our pages (No. for Feb. p. 127). Mr. Fisher intended. to remove Anund to Delhi, and to place him in a suitable house, where he might conduct a school. The first measures were to be, an arrangement for the due observance of the Sabbath, which the Saadhs were willing to adopt; and the establishment of schoolmasters in the most populous of the villages,

Mr. Schroeter has been removed from Titalya, to Burdwan, Titalya is, however, so favourable a spot for opening a communication with Bootan, Thibet, and even China, and for distributing the Scriptures in countries hitherto almost inaccessible, that the Committee have determined to take the most prompt steps in their power, to enable the corresponding committee to resume preparatory measures for a Thibet mission. In the mean while, it is satisfactory to know that several persons connected with the embassy in Nepaul, are intent on acquiring the language, and arranging a grammar and a dictionary, which will facilitate the resumption of the attempt, whenever that may be practicable.

An outline of the state of the Calcutta and North-India mission has now been given, except mentioning the employment, in the neighbourhood of Vizagapatam, of Ananderaya, a converted Brahmin, as a reader among his countrymen, and an assistant in the Telinga schools.

Mr. Corrie having been appointed to the chaplaincy of Benares, left Calcutta toward the end of November, accompanied by Mr. Adlington, the native youth, who had been under Mr. Greenwood and Mr. Robertson, and the recently baptized Fuez Messeeh. His appointment promises very

5 U

great advantages to missionary efforts in that quarter.

With regard to the Madras and South-India Mission, the communications from the corresponding committee have been very extensive and important. They detail various openings for exertion, presented in the peninsula of India; and many useful labours which are now carried on there. The Madras Committee have begun to publish annual Reports, the first of which is re-printed in the Report before us. They have largely augmented their means of useful. ness, by associating with themselves such of the chaplains as were willing, in their different stations, to co-operate with them, They have undertaken to furnish, as they might be able, and to support, if required, a catechist, a reader, and a schoolmaster, at every station where their services could be employed, and should be desired; and to place such persons under the entire superintendence of the resident chaplain: and they have further engaged to furnish supplies of books, tracts, missionary publications, and copies of the Scriptures and of the Liturgy of the Church, in the Native and European languages, as might be required, and so far as their means would admit. The several chaplains engage to report quarterly on the state and progress of the mis sionary concerns under their superintendence, and on general subjects connected therewith; with occasional communications, for supplies, for information, or any other special subjects and the Committee undertake to frame periodical reports of the substance of the collective intelligence obtained statedly, from all the missionary stations connected with them, for circulation to the different stations, and for communication to the other auxiliaries of the Society in India, and to the parent Society at home.

The regulations of the associations appear to be framed with

much wisdom, and furnish the ground-work of extensive and ef ficient co-operation.

At Madras, Mr. Rhenius has continued his usual course of labour, and has added to his employments a revision of the Tamul Old Tes tament, so as to adapt the version to more general use.

A regular Christian church has been formed, which assembles in the Mission House. Mr. Rhenius has been properly cautious in admitting to baptism. It would be easy to multiply nominal Christians. He has also exercised the discipline of the church, where he has judged it necessary; to the benefit, it may be hoped, of offenders; and to the due warning of a Christian people, while mingled among the heathen.

For a variety of important details, the Committee refer to Mr. Rhenius's journal. It is full of information respecting the natives. Mr. Rhenius has taken various journies to some distance from Madras, which have been attended with very satisfactory results, in the establishment of schools, and in diffusing the knowledge of Christianity.

A Native Tamul Bible Association was formed at the Mission House, on the 5th of November. About 100 persons were present, Christian and heathen. Two Brahmins spoke on the occasion, and bore testimony to the value of the Scriptures.

It having become necessary that a church should be built in Black Town, for the accommodation of the native Christians, the corresponding committee circulated a paper, in the mouth of June of last year, inviting subscriptions. The proposal met with acceptance among the European residents, but difficulties were likely to arise from the natives.

At Tranquebar, Mr. Schnarrè, under whose particular superin tendence the school establishments of the late Dr. John are placed, visited all the stations in order to