boea built Naxos, and the altar of Apollo, near the mouth of the Afines, in Sicily, Polybius; and they fet up the ftatue of Archegetes, Ap pian. ARCHELAIS, idos, a city of Cappado cia, a colony of Claudius Caefar, washed by the Halys, Pliny, Coin, Ptolemy. Alfo a city of Judea, to the north-west of Jericho, Ptolemy; built by Archelaus, fon of Herod, Jofephus. Near which was a fruitful valley, called alfo Archelais, Pliny; planted with palm trees by Archelaus.

ARCHIDEMIA, or Archidemius fons, Pliny; a fountain mid-way between the fountain Cyane, and the river Anapus, in Sicily; fuppofed to be what is now called Cefalino; but without fufficient grounds. ARCHILE, a town of Cyrene, Ptole

my.

ARCHIPPE, a town of the Marfi, in

Latium, built by Marfyas the Lydian; but swallowed up by the Lacus Fucinus, Pliny.

ARCIDAVA, a town of Dacia beyond the Tibifcus, on the Danube, Peutinger.

ARCOBRIGA, a town of Lufitania, Ptolemy. Alfo a town to the west of Bilbilis, of the Celtiberi, Ptolemy, Itinerary.

ARCONNESUS, an island opposite to Halicarnaffus, in the Ceramic Bay, Strabo.

ARCTACANA, Strabo; Artacoana, Arrian; a town of Aria, the royal refidence, Arrian.

ARCTI PROMONTORIUM. See URSI. ARCTONESUS, the ancient name of Cyzicum, a town of Myfia, Pliny: fo called becaufe, either infefted with bears, Stephanus; or from the rude, bearish manners of the people, Scholiaft on Apollonius Rhodius. ARCUS TRIUMPHALIS. See TRI

UMPHALIS.

ARDANIA, and Ardanaxes, Strabo ; Ardanis, Ptolemy; a promontory, with a harbour, called Menelai Portus, in Marmarica, Corn. Nepos. ARDEA, a town of Latium, the royal refidence of Turnus, king of the Rutuli, Livy. So called, either from the augury of the Heron, Hyginus; or from the exceffive heat of the country, Martial. It was a

marthy, fickly fituation, Strabo, Seneca. After the death of Turnus it was confumed by fire, and tranfformed to the Heron, Ovid. It was much more ancient than Rome, and built by Danae, the mother of Perfeus, Virgil; about five miles diftant from the fea, and twenty from Rome; now a hamlet. It was a Roman colony, Livy. The inhabitants are called Ardeates, and Ardea, Civitas Ardeatium, id. E. Long. 17° 49', Lat 41° 30′. ARDEATINA VIA, a way which strikes off to the right from the Via Appia, near the river Almo, at no great distance from Rome, and carried to Ardea, Feftus; which is the reafon of the name.

ARDIA, a city of Illyria, Stephanus. The people Ardiaei, near the island Pharia, but driven from the fea-coaft to the inland parts by the Romans, Strabo.

ARDISCUS, a river of Scythia, Hero

dotus, Ariftarchus.

ARDIUS, a mountain of Dalmatia, dividing it in the middle; fo that one part faces the fea, the other looks the oppofite way, Strabo; reckoned by Sextus Rufus a part of the Julian Alps.

ARDONEAE, arum, Livy; Erdonia, Ptolemy; and Herdonia, Strabo, Sil. Italicus; a town of Apulia. Now Ardona.

ARDOTIUM, an inland town of Liburnia, Pliny, Ptolemy. ARDUBA, a town of Dalmatia, taken by Tiberius, Dio Caffius. ARDUENNA, the largest wood of all Gaul, which reaches from the banks of the Rhine, through the heart of the Treviri, to the borders of the Rhemi, Caefar. Its greateft length, from Coblentz to the fea-fhore, from east to west, was two hundred and and forty miles; and its greateft breadth from north to fouth, from the confines of Meffin, or Metz, to the Vabal, is a hundred and fifty miles. it ftill retains its old name, Ardenne. And at this day there are large remains of it standing ; efpecially in Weftravia, the bishop. ricks of Liege and Triers, in the duchy of Luxemburg, and on this fide the Macfe.

ARECAL

ARECA, a town of Syria, in Comagena, Ptolemy.

ARECCAEI CAMPI. See ARACCA.
ARECEME, See ARACEME.

nerary, it is ten miles diftant from Noviomagum, fix from Burginatium. Now Arnheim, in Guelderland, E. Long, 5°20', Lat. 52° z'.

CAE.

ARECON. See RAKON.

ARELATE, indeclinable, Caefar; or Arelatum, i, a town of Gallia Narbonenfis, fituate on the Rhone, denoting a town on, or beyond a marfh, according to the particular fitnation of the speaker; called Arelate Sextanorum, Pliny, Mela, Coin; becaufe it had a colony of the fixth legion. Writers of the lower age call it Arelas, atis, Prudentius, Aufonius. There was a double Arelas, one on each fide of the river and joined by a bridge, Aufonius: that on the left fide, is thought to have been built by Conftantine. Tiberius's father was fent by Julius Caefar at the head of the colony, Suetonius; and hence the appellation, Julia Paterna, as appears from an infcription. It was the favourite place of the Romans, and greatly ornamented, and hence called Gallula Roma, Aufonius. It is now called Arles, fix leagues to the fouth of Avignon, five leagues to the east of Nimes, twelve to the weft of Marfeilles, and Aix, in Provence. Long. 5° 5′, Lat. 43° 40′. AREMORICA, or Armorica, a part of Gaul, between the Sequana and Ligeris, Caefar, Hirtius; denoting a country on, or beyond the fea, ar moer, or are meer, Celtic; for the fame reafon as in the preceding article. Pliny, indeed, fays, that A quitania was formerly called Aremo

E.

ca; but in this he ftands alone. In the lower age, the term Armorica was confined to Bretagne in France. Aremorici, or Armorici, lower age, the people.

ARENA, or Arene, Homer, Stephanus ; a town of Triphylia, in Peloponnefus, near the mouth of the Minyeus; called afterwards Oebalia, and Sasicum, Paufanias; alfo Hieran, PiGader.

ARENACUM, or Arenacus, one of the four towns or larger villages in the ifland of the Batavi, Tacitus; HaTenacium, Antonine; Arehatium, Peutinger; in whom and in the Itine

other fide of the Xanthus, Ptolemy; in the Palatine copy it is Trebendae, fo that the reading is uncertain; and the place is otherwife unknown. ARENE. See ARENA. ARENOSUM LITUS, a place in the fouth west of Corfica, fo called by Ptolemy. AREOPAGUS, one of the quarters or divifions of the city of Athens; fituate on an eminence adjoining to the Acropolis, Hefychius; where was a court of juftice, properly called Areopagus, from the trial of Mars for murder, before twelve Gods, feven of whom acquitted him. The judges were the Areopagitae, who fat upon criminals, not in the daytime, but in the night, to avoid being swayed or influenced by the perfons of the criminals. And the pleadings were all to be without de clamation or harangue. A court, than which none was more confiftent, more fevere, and more forcible, Cicero. In our tranflation it is called Mars-hill, Luke. AREOPOLIS. See AR.

AREOS NESOs, an ifland of the Euxine, near Colchis, Stephanus. ARES, a diftrict of Euboea, Stephanus. The gentilitious name is Are fius, id.

ARETHON. See ARACHTHUS, ARETHUSA, a lake of Armenia Ma jor, in which all heavy bodies float, Pliny. Through this lake the Tigris, before it paffes under mount Taurus, runs. The lake constantly exhales clouds of natron, id. ARETHUSA, a fountain near Chalcis, in Euboea, Pliny. Another of Sicily, now faid to be dried up, in the extreme part of the island Ortygia, near Syracufe, of an incredible extent, and full of fish, because they are reckoned facred, Diodorus; and it would be all covered by the fea, if not fenced in by a stone wall, Cicero. It fends forth directly a river or ftream into the fea, Strabo. The poets allege range things concerning it, Pindar, Virgil, Ovid, Theocritus. See ALPHEUS. A L

third

third fountain of this name, near Thebes, in Boeotia. A fourth in Ithaca, Hefychius. Didymus reck. ons up eight fountains of this name, which therefore is fuppofed to be an epithet or appellative, from 'Apvx, watering.

ARETHUSA, a Greek town of Mygdonia, a district of Macedonia, on the Sinus Strymonicus, Scylax, Pliny. Another of Syria, fituate between Emefa and Epiphania; called Arethusa Sampfcerami, Strabo; a tyrant well known in the hiftory of Pompey. The people are called Arethufii, Pliny.

ARETIUM. See ARRETIUM. AREVA, a river of the Hither Spain, giving name to the Arevacae, PtoTemy; Arevaci, Strabo, Pliny; a people dwelling upon it; now the Erefma, a river of Old Caftile, which rifing in mount Fonfria, on the borders of New Caftile, runs to Segovia, then northwards, and falls into the Douro, over against Tor de Silas.

AREUS, a river of Bithynia, Pliny. ARGA, a hamlet of Arabia Felix, on

the Arabic Gulf, Ptolemy. ARGADINA, a town of Margiana, to the weft of the river Margus, Ptolemy.

ARGAELAE UXAMA, Infcription, Ptolemy; placed in the Itinerary be. tween Clunia and Numantia; a town of the Hither Spain. Now el Borgo de Ofma, fituate on the Dou

го.

ARGAEUS, or Argeus, a mountain of

Cappadocia, Strabo; extremely high, ftretching out for eighty miles, between Caefaria to the east, and Galatia to the west, near the river Melas, Pliny; covered with fnow in fummer, Solinus; famous for excellent pafture, Claudian. ARGAIS, an island near Lycia; alfo another (mall ifland, near Canopus, in Egypt, Stephanus. ARGANTA, a city of India, Stepha

nus.

ARGANTHONIUS MONS, a mountain

of Bithynia, Strabo, Apollonius Rhodius; at the mouth of the river Cios; or on the Sinus Cianus. So called from Arganthonis, the wife of Rhefus, who died of grief upon his death at the fiege of Troy, Stephan.

ARGANTOMAGUM, Argentomagum
Antonine: now Argenton, a town
of Berry, in France. E. Long. 1°
35', Lat. 46° 40′.
ARGANTOMUM, a town of Celtic
Gauf, Antonine: now Argentan, iil
the duchy of Normandy, on the
Orne, in France.
ARGARADAUCA, a town of Media,
Ptolemy.

ARGARI, (Polis understood) a city of
India intra Gangem, Ptolemy, Peu-
tinger.
ARGARICUS SINUS, the bay on which
Argari ftood, a city of the Hither
India, Ptolemy; fuppofed to be the
Gulf of Bengal, Mercator.
ARGEATHAE, a hamlet of Arcadia,
Paufanias.

ARGET, Varro, Feftus; burial-places
in Rome, for the Argei, or Argivi,
who came with Hercules.
ARGEIA, Argia, or Argolis, Mela; a
district of Peloponnefus, fituate be-
ween Arcadia to the weft, the Egean
Sea to the east, Laconica, and the
Sinus Argolicus to the fouth, and
to the north the territory of Co-
rinth, and the Sinus Saronicus, Li-
vy, Ptolemy; fo called from Argos
the capital; now Romania di Morea.
ARGEII, a people of Greece, so called
by the Greeks, from Argi, or Argas;
Argivi, by the Romans: Homer
feems to call the Greeks in general
Argeii, as alfo Achaei.
ARGELIA, Ptolemy; a town of Ger-
many; fuppofed to be Torgau, in
Upper Saxony, on the Elbe, Clu-
verius, E. Long. 13° 8', Lat. 51°
31'.

ARGENIS, Ptolemy; or Argenús, untis, a river and town of Gallia Celtica; the river faid to be the Orne, which, rifing near Seez, in Normandy, falis into the British Channel, near Caen. In Peutinger, the town is written Araegenue, which Valefius corrects, Araegenus. See BAIOCASSIUM CIVI

TAS.

ARGENNOS, an island of Ionia, Strabo, Pliny; near the promontory Trogilium.

ARGENNUM, Ptolemy; Argenum, Strabo, Pliny; a promontory on the eaft fide of Sicily, five miles to the north of Taurominium: now Capo di S. Aleffio. A promontory of Lesbos, Strabo.

ARGEN

ARGENTANUM, Livy; a town of the Brutii. Now Argentina, in the Hither Calabria, near Montalto, at the foot of the Apennine, Holstenius. ARGENTARIA. See ARGENTUARIA. ARGENTARIUS, Rutilius; a mountain in the fouth of Tuscany, running out into the fea, between Por to Ercole to the east, and Porto S. Stefano to the weft, over-against the island Aegilium, or l'Ifola del Giglio, and near Orbitello: now il Monte Argentare. Also a mountain of the Hither Spain, Avienus; Argenteus, Strabo; fuppofed to be the Saltus Tugienfis of Pliny; which fee. Now la Sierra de Caçorla.

ARGENTEA, a district of India intra Gangem, Ptolemy. Alfo a town in the island Jabadius, in the bay of Siam, id.

ARGENTEOLA, Ptolemy; Argentiolum, Antonine; a town of Alturia, in Spain. Now Aviles. W. Long 6° 40', Lat. 43o 30'.

ARGENTEUS MONS. See ARGENTARIUS.

ARGENTEUS, a river of Gallia Narbonenfis, Marcus Lepidus; Argentias, Ptolemy: now Argens, which rifing near S. Maximin, not far from Aix, and running from west to east, falls into the Mediterranean, near Frejus, in Provence. ARGENTIA, Itinerary; a town of the Infubres: now Gorgonzola, in the duchy, and twelve miles to the raft of Milan.

ARGENTINA. See ARGENTORA. ARGENTIUS, a river. See ARGEN

TEUS,

ARGENTOMAGUM. See ARGANTO- |

MAGUM.

ARGENTORA, Argentina, Notitiae ; Argentoratum, Ptolemy; Argentoratas, Ammian; a city of the Tribocci; one of the fifty forts built by Drufus on the Rhine, Florus: an appellation formed by the Romans from the German, Argen Strassen, or Straten, unfafe roads for travellers, from the maroding parties of the garrisons that infested the roads. Now Strasburg, in the lower Alface, on the rivulet Ill, near the Rhine. E. Long. 7° 35', Lat. 48° ;8'. ARGENTUARIA, Ptolemy; Argenteria, Ammian, Aurel. Victor; a town of

Upper Germany. Now Colmar, the capital of Upper Alface, near the Ul. E. Long. 7° 14, Lat. 48° 6'. ARGENUM. See ARGENNUM. ARGENUS. See ARGENIS. ARGESSA, faid to be one of the ancient names of Italy.

ARGESTES VENTUS, a fouth-westwind, Homer, Pliny; blowing from Argos to Troy.

ARGEUS. See ARGAEUS. ARGEUS SINUS. See ARGOLICUS. ARGI. See ARGOS. ARGIA. See ARGEIA. ARGIAE, a cluster of small islands of, Afia Minor, on the coaft of Caria, twenty in number, Pliny. ARGIBOBUM. See ABANTIA6: Euboea, fo called by the poets, from the white colour of the bullocks, Aelian.

ARGIDAVA, a town of Dacia, Ptole my: now Argisch, a hamlet of Moldavia, within the mountains, near the confines of Transylvania. E. Long. 24° 45', Lat. 48° 5'. ARGILA, a town of Caria, Stephanus. ARGILETUM, a place in Rome, near mount Palatine; where ftood the fheds or stalls of feveral trades people, especially bookfellers, Martial. So called from Argos, general of the Argives, flain there, Argi Letum, Virgil. Varro adds, it was alfo called Argilletum, from the quantity of Argilla there found.

ARGILIUM, an inland town of Bithy. nia, Ptolemy.

ARGILLETUM. See ARGILETUM. ARGILLUS, a mountain of Egypt, near the Nile, Plutarch. ARGILUS, a town of Macedonia, a little to the weft of the mouth of the Strymon, Herodotus; one of the tributary towns of the Athenians, Thucydides.

ARGINA, a town of the Locri Ozolae, Pliny.

ARGINUSAE, Arginuffae, Cicero ; three fmall islands near Lefbos, not far from the continent of Afia, Strabo; famous for a victory of the Athenians, during the Peloponnefian war, Thucydides, Xenophon.

ARGIPPA. See ARGOS HIPPIUM. ARGIRUS, a town of the Hither In. dia, Ptolemy; conjectured to be 0. rixa, in the kingdom of Golconda. E. Long. 85°, Lat. 20°.

L 2

ARGITA,