to be Laubach, in Carinthia. E. Long. 14° 40', Lat. 46° 28'. AEMONIA, a province of Macedon, which was alfo called Theffaly, Horace, Pliny; hence Aemonius, the epithet, Ovid. AEMUS. See HAEMUS. AENARIA, an island in the bay of Cumae,or over-against Cumae in Italy, Pliny. It is alfo called Inarime, Virgil and now Ifchia. Scarce three miles diftant from the coaft, and the promontory Mifenus to the weft; twenty miles in compafs; called Pithecufa by the Greeks. It is one of the Oenotrides; and fenced round by very high rocks, as to be inacceffible but on one fide: it was formerly famous for its earthen ware. AENARIUM, a grove in Achaia, near Olenus, facred to Jupiter, where the Acheans used to meet in council, Strabo. AENEA, or Aenia, now Moncaftro, a town of Macedonia, fifteen miles to the fouth-east of Theffalonica, near the head of the Sinus Thermacius, in the province of Emathia; faid to have been built by Aeneas. The Theffalonians performed a yearly facrifice at Aenea, according to Livy, who calls the inhabitants Aeneates. AENEIA, afterwards called Janiculum, which fee. Dionyf. Halicarn. AENESIPPA, Ptolemy; called Aenefipafta, Strabo; an ifland in the Mediterranean, near the coast of Marmarica. AENESISPHYRA, à port of Marmari ca, Ptolemy; but a promontory, Strabo. It may be both. AENEUM. See AENUS. AENI INSULA, an island of Arabia Felix, in the Red Sea, Ptolemy: AENI PONS, uncertain whether there was any town or hamlet near this bridge, called the Lower, to dif tinguish it from the Higher, now called Infpruck, which is of later date. The latter in Noricum and the former in Vindelicia, where now ftands Oetingen. AENIA. See AENEA. AENIA, a town of the Perrhebi, near the Achelous. The inhabitants were called Aenianes, and Acnienfes, Piiny. AENIUS, à river of the Perrhebi, Stephanus. AENNUM, Pliny; a town and port of Egypt, on the Red Sea, otherwise called Philoteris, Stephan. Mela; and Philotera, Strabo, Ptolemy; from the name of the fifter of Ptolemy Philadelphus. Mela writes Aën num. AENON, Evangelists; a town of Samaria, near Salim, where John baptized, eight miles to the fouth of Scythopolis, near Jordan, on this fide. AENONA, a city of Liburnia, called by Pliny Civitas Prafini, the reason of which is unknown; alfo Enora, and is now called Nona; on the Adriatic, by which it is for the greater part furrounded; over-against the ifland Giffa, from which it is dif tant four miles to the weft. E. Long. 16, Lat. 289. AENOS, a town of Thrace. See AE NUS. AENUS, Tacitus; now the Inn, a river of Germany, which, rifing in the country of the Grifons, out of the Alps, in the district called Gottes-haus-punt, runs through the Grifons, the county of Tyrol, the duchy of Bavaria, and through Paffau into the Danube. AENUS, Strabo; a mountain in the ifland Cephalenia, on whofe top ftood a temple of Jupiter, called hence Aenefius. AENUS, Livy; Aenos, or Aenum; now Eno, a town of Thrace, fituate on the east-most mouth of the Hebrus, which has two mouths; and faid to be built by the Cumeans: was a free town, in which stood the tomb of Polydorus, Pliny; Aenius is the epithet. Here the brother of Cato Uticenfis died, and was honoured with a monument of marble in the forum of the Ænii, Plutarch; called Aenei, Stephanus; Livy fays that the town was otherwife called Ab·fynthus. AEOLIA. See AEOLIS. AEOLIAE INSULAE, now Ifole di Lipari, feven iflands, fituate between Sicily and Italy, Strabo, Diodorus, Siculus, Mela; fo called from Aeolus, who reigned there about the time of the Trojan war. The Greeks call them Hephaeftiades, and the Romans, Vulcaniae, from their fiery eruptions. eruptions. They are also called Liparaeorum Infulae, from the principal ifland Lipara. Dionyfius Periegetes calls them mala, because circumnavigable. AEOLIS, Thucydides; the ancient name of Calydon, which fee. Rather the name of a country, fo called from Æolus, fon of Hellen; who reigning in the parts bordering on Theffaly, called the people Acolenfes, Apollodorus, Diodorus SicuJus. AEOLIS, or Aeolia, a country of the Hither Afia, fettled by colonies of Aeolian Greeks: taken at large, it comprehends all Troas, and the coaft of the Hellefpont to the Propontis, because in thofe parts there were feveral Aeolian colonies: more trictly, it is fituate between Troas to the north, and Ionia to the fouth. The people are called Acoles, or Aeolit. ABOLIUM MARE, a part of the Egean Sea, washing Acolis; called alfo Mylum, from Myfia. Now called, Gale di Smirna. AEPEA, or Aepeia, a town of Meffenia, in Strabo's time called Thuria, fituate on an eminence, whence its name, near Phera; one of the feven towns which Agamemnon promised Achilles, Homer; there is another of the fame name in Laconica, a third in Crete, and a fourth in Cyprus, on the river Clarius, afterwards called Soli, Plutarch, Stepha nus. AEPY, Homer; a town belonging to Neftor, not far from Thryon, a town of Elis, raised on an eminence, whence the appellation. The epithet is depytius, Statius. AEPYTIOS TYMBOS, the tomb of Aepytos, fon of Elatus, near the mountain Cyllene in Arcadia, mentioned by Homer. AEQUANA JUGA, mountains of Picenum, in the kingdom of Naples, now called Montagna di Sorrento, denominated from the town Aequa, which being deltroyed, was replaced by Vicus, now Vico di Sorrento; called alfo Acquana, Sil. Italicus. AEQUI, Livy, Fiorus; Aequicoli, Ovil, sueton; Aequilani, Pliny; Aequicular, Virgil; Acquicus, Livy; Acquiculus, Sil. Italicus; the epi thet; a people of Latium, but not properly Latins, having invaded the Latin territory, Livy, before Rome reduced the neighbouring nations under her power, from which time, all thofe of Latium were reckoned Latins. AEQUIMELIUM, a place in Rome, where ftood the houfe of Spurius Melius, who, by largeffes corrupting the people, affected the fupreme power: refufing to appear before the dictator Cincinnatus, he was flain by Servilius Ahala, master of the horfe, his houfe was razed to the ground, and the spot on which it food was called Area Aequimelii, Livy. AEQUINOCTIUM, a town of the Higher Pannonia, or Auftria, Itinerary; fituate between Vindobona and Carnuntum, fuppofed to be Vischmund, near the confluence of the Vifch with the Danube. AEQUUM, a town and colony of Dalmatia, to the north-east of Salona, Ptolemy, and infcription. AERE, a town of Macedonia; an. other of Ionia, and a third on the Hellefpont, Stephanus. AERIA, or Eeria, the ancient name of Egypt: the Scholiaft on Apollonius Rhodius, fays, that not only Theffaly, but Egypt was called 'Hegia, by the Greeks, which Eufebius alfo confirms: and hence Apollinarius, in his tranflation of the hundred and fourteenth Pfalm, ufes it for Egypt. Hefychius applies this name to Ethiopia. AERIA, a town of the Cavari, or territory of Avignon, fuppofed now to be extinct. Strabo fays it was fo called from its airy fituation, as ftanding on an eminence. AERIA, the ancient name of the island AERMON. See HERMON. AESA, a town of Thrace, near Pallene, Stephanus. AESAGEE, the name of a mountain, mentioned by Homer. AESAR, or Aefarus, Strabo, Theocritus; a river of Magna Graecia, running through Croton, into the fea, with a port at its mouth. Now the Ejaro. AESARIS, AESARIS, or Aufer, Pliny; now the Serchio, a river of Tufcany, which rifing from the Apennin, in the borders of Modena. runs through Carfagnana, and the territory of Lucca, by the city of Lucca, into the Tufcan Sea AESCULAPII NEMUS, Strabo; a place fituate between Berytus and Sidon, in Phoenicia. AESEPUS, Homer, Strabo, Ptolemy; a river of Myfia in Asia, rising from mount Ida, near the fprings of the Granicus, and running into the Propontis, between the mouths of the Granicus to the weft, and the Tarfius to the east. At this river, Homer, according to Strabo, seems to terminate the country of Mysia, and begin that of Troy. AESERNIA, Strabo, Efernia, Pliny; now Ifernia, a town of the Samnites, a little way from the left, or fouth bank of the Vulturnus. The inhabitants were called Aefernini, their territory Ager Aeferninus. E. Long. 15° 15', Lat. 41° 36'. AESICA, in the Notitia; a hamlet in Cumberland; Netherby, according to Camden, AESIS, Strabo, Pliny; a river separating Umbria from the Picenum, now called Efino; has its fprings in the Apennin, towards Umbria, then turning north, waters the town Aefis, and falls into the Adriatic between Ancona and Sencgallia. The town and river had their name from Aefis, who reigned there, Sil. Italicus. AESIS, a town and colony of Umbria, on the river of the fame name, now AESISIUM, Ptolemy, a town of Umbria, now Afifi. AESIUS, a river on the borders of Bithynia, Pliny; poflibly the fame with the Aefepus. AESOLA, Aefula, Horace; Aefulum, Paterculus; a colony of Latium, fettled about twenty-three years after the commencement of the firft Punic war, fituate probably between Tibur and Prænefte. The people defolani, Pliny. AESONA, now Jefona, or Jeffona, a town of Catalonia, in Spain, fituate AESYMA, a town of Thrace, Stephan. Alfo a town of Troas, Helychius. AESYMNIUM, a monument erected to the memory of the heroes by Ae. fymnus the Megarian; who, confulting the oracle in what manner the Megareans might be most happily governed, was anfwered, If they held confultation with the more numerous; whom he taking for the dead, built the faid monument, and a fenate-houfe, that took within its compafs the monument; imagining that thus, the dead would affitt at their confultations, Paufanias. AESITAE, Ptolemy; which Bochart reads Aufitae. See AUSITIS. AETARA, a town of Numidia, of which nothing but its name is known, called Afari in Agathodae mon's map. AETHALIA, by the Greeks; Ilua by the Romans, Virgil; now Elba, retaining fomething of its ancient name, liua; an ifland on the coast of Etruria, in compafs an hundred miles, abounding in iron, as Elba ftill does. Stephanus calls it Aethale. The port of Aethalia was called Argous, Diod. Sicul. AETHALIA, an appellation of the island Lemnos, Polybius. AETHALOEIS TORRENS, a brook in the fouth of Troas, near Hamaxitus, Strabo, AETHEA, one of the hundred cities of AETHICES, Stephanus; a people of Epirus, fituate between Athamania and Tymphaea. AETHIOPE, the ancient name of the illand Lefbos, Pliny. AETHIOPIA, beyond Egypt, a country better known to the ancients, than that in Libya, or on the Atlantic, a diftinction ufed by Homer. The people of which laft were called Aethiopes Hefperii. Whether Chus is the Scripture name for Aethiopia is dif puted; Bochart maintains that it denotes Arabia. The ancients comprised Chaldea under the name Aethiopia; Strabo fays, that some called Phoenicia Aethiopia; Aethicus, the cofmographer, places alfo the head of the Tigris in Aethiopia. The inhabitants of Sagri, or Zagri, a mountain on the other fide the Tigris, Hefychius makes a nation of Ethiopians. And the inhabitants of the Sufiana wère anciently reckoned among the Ethiopians. Memnon, who came from Sufae, to the affiftance of Priam, is called by Hefiod, king of the Ethiopians, mentioned alfo by Virgil. It is to be observed that the Greek geographers called all the more foutherly people, of whom they knew little or nothing, Aethiopes. ASTHIOPICI MONTES, mountains running along the weft fide of the Nile, Ptolemy. AETHIOPICUS SINUS, comprises the Arabic Gulf, and the ocean fouthwards, which bounds the east-fide of Africa, called alfo Sinus Indicus, becaufe extending to India. AETHIOPTUM, Stephanus; a district of Lydia on the Hyllus, from which Diana is called Aethiopia. AETHRIA, Pliny; the ancient name both of Thafos and Rhodes. AITHUSA, Pliny; an island on the coaft of Africa Propria; by others called Aeguja. AITINIUM, a town of Macedonia, Ptolemy; called Athenaeum, Livy'; near the city of Tricca, on the borders of Theffaly. Now Etino. AITNA, a volcano, or burning mountain in Sicily, a name it ftill retains, though now otherwife called Monte Gibello. It hangs over the city Catana, and all the adjoining fea coaft to the eaft; is famous for its great extent and fiery eruptions, and for being anciently the habitation of the Cyclops. The appellation Aetna is fuppofed to be from Alow, to burn, as in the Itineraries it is written Aethna; Bochart derives it from Attuna, a furnace, or Aetuna, darknefs. Pindar was the first who de fcribed its eruptions, calling it the pillar of heaven from its height; i's figure is round, with a gradual afcent to its top, lying detached and feparate from any other mountain, in the Vallis Nemorenfis, now Val di Demona; a hundred miles in compals at the foot; from which to the top, is a distance of between twenty and thirty miles, so that it must be upwards of eight miles in height. The upper parts of the mountain, according to Strabo, are naked and bare, covered with afhes, and in winter with fnow, nor without fnow in fummer; and fubject to great changes from the devastation of the fire, which is fometimes collected into one crater, or bafon, at other times divided into feveral parts,now fending forth ftreams of liquid fire, again flame and fmoke, and fometimes large burning maffes; all which must neceffarily be attended with great changes in the bowels of the mountain, and with the opening of feveral fiery mouths on the furface. On the top there is a large level plain, about twenty ftadia in compafs, furrounded with a ridge of afhes, of the height of a wall, and in the middle of the plain an eminence of an afh colour, over which ftands a pillar of cloud, rifing to the height of two hundred feet; and this is the crater. In the night the flashes emitted from its top, and in the day-time the fmoke and darkness are plainly obfervable. Solinus fays, that on the top of mount Aetna, which is facred to Vulcan, there are two hiatuses, called crateres, through which a vapour or steam burts forth, preceded by a noife, protractedly bellowing in the bowels of the mountain; previous to which the balls of fire never make their appearance. During the eruptions the territory of Catana is covered deep with ashes, which, though troublesome while E emitting, emitting, yet ferve greatly to fertilize it, according to Strabo. As to the several eruptions of mount Aetna, Diodorus Siculus relates, that before the war of Troy, and the arrival of the Siculi in Italy, the Sicani occupied the whole of the ifland; but that Aetna in feveral places discharging fiery currents, or lavas, obliged them to remove to the weft of the island. Thucydides mentions an eruption, which happened in the fpring of the fecond year of the eighty eighth Olympiad, or in the year four hundred and twenty-eight before Christ, fifty years after a preceding eruption; and that in all there happened three eruptions, from the time Sicily came to be inhabited by the Greeks. The profpect from mount Aetna is extenfive, affording a full view of the island, yet greatly diminished in apparent extent; with a very diftant view of Italy, quite to the mountains of Naples. E. Long. 15, Lat. 38°. AETNA, a town on the fouth-fide of the mountain of that name, just where it begins to rife, formerly called Inefia; it stood near the town of Centuripe; and the inhabitants called Aetnenfes, ferved as guides to, and entertained perfons who wanted to go up the mountain. Aetnæus the epithet, as Aetnæus Venator denotes a forry huntsman, Aetnæus Cantharus, a large one, and Aetnaus is the furname of Vulcan. AETOLIA, a small district of Greece, reaching along the river Achelous, to the ftrait or Dardanelles of the Corinthian bay, or to the Locri Ozolae: thefe are the boundaries of Aetolia in general: there was a twofold Aetolia, according to Strabo; namely the old, and the fuperadded: the old he limits by the Achelous, down to the fea-coaft of Calydon, by which the Evenus runs, and from this river eastwards, to Naupactum and Eupalium, the fuperadded Aetolia. Aetolia, according to Stephanus, was anciently called Hyanthis; who thus characterizes the Aetolians, a craving, unfatiable,impudent people; whence fome fuppofe they had their name, Αἰτεῖν ὅλογ. AETULIA, a part of Armenia Minor, called by Ptolemy, Aetulane. AEx, a rocky island in the Egean Sea, between Tenedos and Chios, having at a distance the resemblance of a goat, whence the name. From this ifland Pliny fays the Egean Sea took its appellation. It is alfo the name of a town of the Marfi in Italy. AEXONE, one of the Añμa, or villa ges of Attica. The inhabitants Aexones, or Aexonenses, remarkable for their dicacity and malevolent virulence; fo that Aloeveral, denotes an intolerable biting difpofition, Stephan. AEZICA, a part of Thrace so called, Stephanus. AFFILE, a town of Latium, ftill retaining its old name; fituate in the mountains between Sublaqueum and Anagnia. Affilanus, the genti litious name, Inscription. AFFLIANUS MONS, a mountain which hangs over Tyber on the east fide known from an ancient infcription adduced by Holstenius; which men tions, that a branch of the Aqua Claudia was derived from the foo of this mountain to Rome. AFRICA, one of the three great divi fions of the world, according to th ancients, to all appearance a nam pofterior to Homer; by the Greek called 'Hasigo, or continents; the Geminus calls them ", or Parte as the Romans alfo did. It wa called Libya by the Greeks, an bounded on the north by the Me diterranean, by the ocean on th weft, fouth, and east, and by th Red Sea and the isthmus; thoug fome made the Nile the boundary t the east. It was divided into Egyp Marmarica, Cyrene, Africa Pro pria, Mauretania, Libya Interio and Ethiopia. Bochart derives th appellation from a Punic wor which fignifies ears of corn, to d note its fertility. But may we no with Eratofthenes, fuppofe, that th three greater divifions of the worl took their names from particul cognominal districts contained them? Afer denotes an African; alfo an epithet, as Armentarius Afe Virg. Ajra Avis, Horat. African |