of his colleague Titus Tatius. On | the east fide it reaches the city walls; on the fouth, the Via Lavicana; on the weft, the wide valley between mount Coelius and the Palatine; on the north, the Mons Viminalis; on the east fide is the Porta Efquili #a. This hill by fome of the ancients was called Suburranus, from the ftreet Suburra to the north of it: by the poets, Efquilius, Ovid. į ESSEDONES, Pliny; Iffedones, Herodotus, Ptolemy; a people of Scythia intra Imaum, to the east of the Massagetae, placed in Sarmatia Europea, to the north of the Maeotis, Pliny; in Serica and Scythia extra Infaum, Ptolemy; perhaps originally thence. ESTHEMO or ESTHEMOAH, Jofhua; a facerdotal city of Judah, beyond Lachis, on the borders of the territory of Eleutheropolis, Eufebius; a large village in Jerome's time. ESTIAEOTIS, Herodotus; a diftri& of Theffaly, to the fouth of Oeta and Olympus, mountains in the eaft parts of "Theffaly: but Herodotus owns, that the Pelafgi, who are Theffalians, were a very roving, vagrant people, always fhifting their habitations; whence it feems to happen, that the names of countries changed with the inhabitants: for, it is certain, that the weft part of Theffaly was afterwards called Efiaeotis, Strabo, Ptolemy; Eftiotae, the national name. ESTIONES, Strabo; a people of Vindelicia, fituate between the Licates to the eaft; the Briganti to the fouth; the Tigurini to the weft; and the Danube to the north. Now the Algow, a diftrict of Suabia, in Germany, Cluverius. ESURIS, Antonine; a town of Lufitania, near the mouth of the Anas. ETAM, 1 Chron. iv. 32. a town of the tribe of Simeon: probably the fame with Samfon's Rock Etam, Judges xv. 8. afterwards built into a city and fortified, 2 Chron. xi. 6. ETEA, Stephanus; a town of Crete, the country of Myfo, one of the feven wife men of Greece, Diogenes Laertius. Another Timon, a manhater, id. He died at the age of 97, id. ETELASTA. See EGELISTA, ETENNA, a town of Pamphylia, to- -Nubes et coeli numen adorant. Et coeli fummas advocat auriculas, according to the common editions. ETHELEUM, Pliny; a river which he calls the ancient boundary of Troas, and the beginning of Mylia, diftinguishing it from Aefepus, Homer's boundary of that kingdom. ETOCETUM, Antonine; Uttoxeter, according to fome; the Wall near Litchfield, Camden; fo called from the remains of a wall there. ETOSCA. See ILEOSCA. ETRURIA, Romans; Tyrrhenia, Greeks; a country of Italy, extending from the river Macra, the boundary of Liguria, to the Ti ber; ber; written without an aspiration | by the ancient Latin writers, and in ancient Infcriptions; as was alfo Etrufci, the gentilitious name; which was alfo Tufci, Infcriptions; not Thufci, from Ove; a very ancient appellation: but whether Tufcia was a name of that country, of equal antiquity, is doubtful: all the older writers have Etruria. It was anciently divided into twelve departments, or districts; which took their names from twelve principal cities, Livy, Dionyfius Hali- carnaffaeus. But under the Caefars the number was increafed, Infcriptions. ETRUSCUM FRETUM, called Tyrrhe- EUANTHIA, the ancient name of EUBOEA, Strabo, Mela; an oblong ifland, ftretching out between Attica and Theffaly, oppofite to Boeotia; from which it is feparated by a narrow ftrait, called Euripus: this ifland never exceeding forty, nor ever falling short of two miles in breadth, is in length one hundred and fifty miles; and in compafs three hundred and fixty-five, Pliny. The people are called always Abantes by Homer: Euboicus, the epithet, Virgil. Now Negropont, from its principal town, which was anciently called Chalcis. EUENUS, Strabo; a river of Aetolia, formerly called Lycormas, running from north to fouth into the Achelous, and both together into the Jonian fea, near the mouth of the Corinthian bay, after running through Calydon. Another Euenus of Myfia, Strabo; running by Pitane; from which the people of Adramyttum are fupplied with water by an aquaeduct. id. EUERGETAE. See ARIAEPE. EUGANEI, Livy; a people of the Tranfpadana, extending to the Alps between the Lacus Larius and the river Athefis; but before the Trojan war, they dwelt on the Adriatic, whence they were expelled by the Trojans and the Heneti, afterwards called Veneti, to the Alpine parts: and hence it is, the poets often call the country of the Veneti by the name of Euganei, the ancient poffeffors, Silius Italicus, Martial. The name Euganei denotes their noble defcent, Pliny. EUHIPPIA. See THYATIRA. EULAEUS. See CHOASPES. EUMENIA, Strabo, Ptolemy, a town of Phrygia Magna, built by Eumenes, brother of king Attalus; fituate on the river Cludrus, Pliny; but whether running into the Cayl ter or Meander, is uncertain. Eumeneticus, the epithet; Eumenetica regio, Pliny. One of the names of Trallis, in Lydia; because made a prefent of by the Romans to Eume nes. EUNES or Senes, ium, (the reading doubtful) Polybius, Diodorus; a part of mount Pelorus, in Sicily. EUONYMUS, Strabo; one of the Aeolian islands, to the north of Sicily; because on the left hand of thole who fail from Lipara to Sicily: the fmalleft of all thofe iflands, Pliny. EUPALIUM, Livy; Eupalia, Stephanus; Eupolium, Thucydides; an inland town of Locris, on the confines of Aetolia Epictetos, or adjectitious Aetolia; not far from Naupa&tum, to the eaft, inclining a little to the north. EUPATORIA, Strabo; a town of Pontus, on the confluence of the Iris and Lycus; fo named from the founder, which Pompey, finding imperfect, completed, and called it Magnopolis, adding territory and inhabitants to it; different from the Eupatoria, which Mithridates added to Amius, which lay on the Euxine, Pliny, Appian. Another Eupatoria, Ptolemy; on the west fide of the Cherfonefus Taurica, EUPHORBIUM, Peutinger; a town of Phrygia Magna, fituate between Synnada and Apainea, Hence Ea phorbeni, the people, Pliny. EUPHRANTA, Ptolemy; Euphrantat Strabo Strabo; a tower of the Regio Sertica, next to Charax, the Carthagian ftaple: Euphranta was the boundary of Cyrenaica under Ptolemy. EUPHRATES, a river univerfally allowed to take its rife in Armenia Major; but in what particular fpot, or in what direction it afterwards fhapes its courfe, there the greatest difagreement lies. Strabo lays, that the Euphrates rifes in mount Abus, which he joins with, or accounts a part cf, mount Taurus; that its beginning is on the north fide of mount Taurus; and that running, firft weftward, thro' Armenia, then ftriking off to the fouth, it forces its way through that mountain and thus it rifes in the fouth of Armenia, mount Taurus being the boundary on that fide; and runs through its fouth part, quite to Cappadocia, conterminal with Armenia Minor; or quite to this laft, or to its fouth limit; to reach which, it must bend its west courfe a little north; because the Taurus, from which it rofe, lies lower, or more to the fouth, and almoft parallel with Melitene: and that then it turns to the fouth, in order to break through the Taurus, and escape to Syria, and then take a new bend to Babylonia. To this account of Strabo, Pliny runs quite counter, adducing eye witneffes, who carry the Euphrates from north to fouth in a right line, till it meets mount Taurus; placing the fprings together with mount Abus, or Aba, which inclines to the west, to the north of Taurus, all counter to Strabo. Ptolemy strikes a middle courfe between both, placing the fprings to the eaft, as Strabo does whence he fays, it runs in a long courfe weftward, before it bends fouth; and that it rifes not from mount Taurus, but far to the north of it; and he makes it run straight weft from its rife, then turn fouth fpontaneoufly, without any interpofing obftacle, in a manner quite different from Strabo, Mela, and others, who make the Taurus the caufe of this turn. No wonder then that the fprings of the Nile are unknown, if a river almoft at the door is fo little understood. The Ephrates naturally divides into two channels, one through Babylon, and the other through Seleucia, befides the feveral artificial cuts made between it and the Tigris about Babylon: and thefe cuts or trenches are what the Pfalmift calls the rivers of Babylon, on the willows of which the captives hung their harps. It is probable that the Euphrates naturally poured into the fea at one particular mouth, before thefe cuts were made, A thing, appearing fo evident to the anci ents, that Pliny has fet down the distance between the mouths of the Euphrates and the Tigris; who fays, fome made it twenty-five, and others feven miles; but that the Euphrates being for a long time back intercepted in its courfe by cuts, made for watering the fields, only the branch called the Pafitigris fell into the fea, the rest of it into the Tigris, and both together into the Perfian Gulf. Overflowing the country through which it runs, at ftated times of the year, like the Nile, it renders it fertile, Pliny, Cicero. EUPILIS, Pliny; a lake of the Trans padana in Italy, through which the Lamber is tranfmitted. EUPLOEA, Statius; a fmall ifland in the Sinus Puteolanus, on the coaft of Naples. EUPOLIUM. See EUPALIUM. EUPORIA, Ptolemy; a town placed between Physca and Apollonia, in the district of Mygdonia of Mace don. EUPROSOPON, Mela; the fame with Dei facies, which fee. EURANIUM, Plinya town of Caria, one of the fix allotted by Alexander to Halicarnaffus. EURIPUS, i, Scylax, Strabo, Mela; a ftrait between Anlis and Chalcis; or that narrow gut lying between Euboea and Bocotia, agitated by a continual reciprocal motion: formerly with a mole between Aulis and Chalcis, and a draw-bridge in the middle for the paffage of veffels. The alternate motion, or reciprocation of the Euripus happens feven times in the day, and as often in the night, with fuch violence, as to to baffle even the winds and vessels in full fail, Strabo, Mela. As to the number and regular fucceffion of reciprocations, Livy has fome doubt; affirming that they are not ftated, but happen fortuitously, as the trait is impelled, now this, again that way, by the winds, like a mighty torrent rolling down a precipice. Euripi alfo denote finall, artificial, winding canals, made for ornaments about houses, Cicero ; as a larger fort were called Nili, id. EUROMUS, i, penult long, Strabo, Livy; a town of Caria; to the east of the territory of Miletus: in Strabo's time of no repute; but in the Macedonic war of fome reputation, having other towns in fubjection to it. Euromenfes, the people, Livy. EURONOTUS, a wind blowing between the Eurus and Notus, Pliny. EUROPA Agatbemerus, Strabo, Pliny; one of the three greater parts or continents, into which the ancients divided the world; bounded on the weft by the Atlantic ocean; on the east separated from Asia by the Tanais and the Hellefpont, and by a line carried on in that direction, Dionyfius, Strabo; on the fouth by the Mediterranean, Mela. To the north its extent was unknown to the ancients. Herodotus owns he knows not whence either is the appellation, or who imposed it; Bochart will have it to be from Urappa, fair or white face, as a diftinction from people of a darker complexion, as thofe more to the fouth generally are: ftill called Europe. It may be queried, whether in this cafe we may not adopt the opinion of Eratofthenes, who fays, that the three greater divisions of the world took their names from particular cognominal districts contained in them; as Europa from a fmall diftrict of that name in Thrace; the fame thing holding of Alia and Africa; names which feem all of them to be pofterior to Homer. EUROPUS, Ptolemy; a town of Al inopia, mentioned by Thucydides, a diftrict in the north of Macedonia, to the fouth of Mount Haemus. Another Europus in Mygdonia, a town fituate on the right or eaft fide of the river Axius, Pliny. A third Europus in Media, Pliny, Ammian; near the Portae Cafpiae. Formerly called Ragae, and Arface by the Parthians. A fourth Europus, fo called by the Greeks, in Mefopotamia; alfo called Dura, a town built by the Macedonians: but Polybius feems to diftinguish them, and make them different towns, A fifth of Syria, on the right or weft fide of the Euphrates, below Zeugma, a Macedonian town, Ptolemy, Pliny, Stephanus. EUROPUS, a river. See the following article. EUROTAS, ae, a river of Theffaly, at the foot of mount Olympus; called Titarefius Homer; and Tita refus, Lucan; Europus, Strabo. An. other Eurotas, a noble river of Laconica, running to the east of the city of Sparta, Polybius; under the very walls, as it were, Livy; tho having really none; from north to fouth. Its banks allotted for the exercises of the young Spartans, and the river for the Lacoenae, or young women of Sparta, to bathe The fauce or whet, as Cicero calls it, of their homely fare. A third Eurotas, running by Tarentum in Italy, a Spartan colony i which is the reafon of the name, in. Polybius; being otherwife called EURUS, called Fulturnus by the Romans, a fouth-eaft wind, Seneca. EURYALUS, Livy, Euryelus, Thucy dides; an eminence, with a citadel on it, of Syracufe, a part of the Epipolae, to the weft, inclining little to the north; faid to be alf called Macropolis, Stephanus. EURYANASSA, Pliny, one of the fmall islands near Chius, on the coaft of the Hither Afia. EURYMEDON, ontis, penult in Eury medon short; a noble river run ning through the middle of Pam phylia, Mela; and mentioned by many other authors; famous for fea and land fight on the fame day in which the Athenians, under Ci mon, the fon of Miltiades, defeat ed the Perfians, Thucydides. Th fea-fight happened firit in the fe of Pamphylia, towards Cyprus th the land engagement the following night on the Eurymedon, Diodorus, Plutarch: Cimon, after defeating the Perfian fleet, armed his men with the armour of the captives, and fet fail for the enemy, who lay on the banks of the Eurymedon, in the hips taken from the Perfians, who on feeing their own fhips and their own people in appearance, were off their guard, and thus became an eafy conqueft, Frontinus. EUSEBIA, Strabo; a furname of Mazaca, the capital of Cappadocia, at the foot of mount Argaeus: afterwards called Caefarea, in which name Eufebia was loft. A furname alfo of the Tyanitis in Cappadocia, at mount Taurus, Strabo. EUTAEA, Xenophon; a town on the borders of Laconica and Arcadia. EUTRESII, Paufanias; a people of Arcadia, whofe towns were drained of their inhabitants by Megalopolis, in order to the peopling it. EUTRESIS, Homer, Strabo; a village of the Thefpians, near Copae in Boeotia where Zethus and Amphion are faid to have dwelt, be fore they reigned in Thebes; lying on the road between Thespiae and Plataeae, Stephanus ; who fays, that the appellation is from its being interfected by feveral roads. Eutrefites, the gentilitious name, and the furname of Apollo, whofe temple and a famous oracle flood at Eutrefis. EUTYCHIA, a fmall obfcure island oppolite to the Sinus Pagaficus of Theffaly. EUXINUS. See AXENUS. Ex, Mela; Sex, Sexi, or Sexti, in all which different ways it is written; furnamed Firmum Julium, Pliny; Sexitanum, Antonine; a town of Baetica in Spain, towards the fea-coaft. Exitani, the people, Strabo; Exitanus, the epithet: hence Salfamenta Exitana, Strabo. Now fuppofed to be Malaga, by fome; by others, Motril of Granada. EXILISSA, Ptolemy; a town of Mauretania Tingitana; fuppofed to be the Liffa of Pliny, which fee. EXQUILIAE and Exquilinus Mons. See ESQUILIAE. EZIONGEBER. See ASIONGABER, ABARIA. See BURCHA NIA. FABARIS, Virgil, Vibius Sequefter; a river of the Sabines, beyond the Amnis Curenfis: otherwife called Farfarus, Ovid, Servius. Now F. Farfa. FABRATERIA, Strabo, Cicero ; a town of the Volfci in Latium; a colony, Velleius; fituate on the river Tre rus. Fabraterni, the people, Livy. Pliny diftinguishes between the Veteres and Novi; called Novani, Infcription. Now Falvaterra, Baudrand, in the Ecclefiaftical State, on the confines of Naples. FABRICIUS PONS, Horace; one of the bridges on the Tiber at Rome; built by the conful Fabricius, Infeription: called alfo Tarpeius; from the veftal Tarpea, who betrayed the Capitol to the Sabines. This bridge joined the ifland Lycaonia in the Tiber to the city. Now called Ponte quattro Capi, from a double Janus, or a Janus with four faces, at its entrance. FACELINAE, Fafcelinae, or Phacelinae Dianae Fanum; a fmall place in the north of Sicily, at the mouth of the Melas, called alfo, Facelinus. The appellation is either from fax a torch, which the goddefs held in her right hand, Cicero; or fafcis a bundle of brushwood, of which torches were made, or in which the was conveyed concealed from the Taurica Cherfonefus; whence alfo fhe was called Fafcelitis, idos, Lucilius. FACIES DEI. See DEI. FAESULAE, arum, Salluft, Ptolemy; Faefula, ae, Silius ; a town of Etruria, of no fmall note anciently, I i three |