were Cappadocians, and both Bishops; Basil of his native His incautious language reprehended by Hooker PAGES 255 300, 304 GREGORY OF NAZIANZUS, the constant friend of the pre- His protest against the idea of a payment of a Ransom AMBROSE.-Born A.D. 340, died 397. 168, 303 For Chosen Bishop by His language about the Eucharist liable to be misunder CHRYSOSTOM.-John, ordained presbyter of Antioch, where his earlier sermons were delivered. Made Bishop of Constantinople at the age of 50 (A.D. 397). Commentator and preacher; surnamed Chrysostom (the golden-mouthed) because of his surpassing eloquence.— He incurred the displeasure of the Empress Eudoxia, and died in banishment A.D. 407. 347 His language respecting the Eucharist liable to be mis- JEROME, or HIERONYMUS.-Born at Stridon, spent some years with Gregory Nazianzen at Constantinople, and then with his friend Damasus, Bishop of Rome. Retired to Bethlehem, and there, in seclusion, devoted himself to Some expressions respecting the Eucharist liable to be 354. AUGUSTINE. The brilliant scholar of Carthage, born A.D. Reclaimed from his wayward courses by the prayers of his mother, Monica, who lived to see him baptized at the age of 33 by Ambrose, Bishop of Milan. Became Bishop of Hippo, near Carthage, A.D. 395.— Died A.D. 430. The most voluminous and perhaps the greatest of the Church's Writers. On the Knowledge of God PAGES 347 250 263 293, 302 348 THEODORET.-A native of Antioch, and Bishop of Cyrus in JOHN DAMASCENUS. -The last of the Greek Fathers in the His doctrine of the Holy Spirit's Procession. 343 314-319 ANSELM.-The last of the Latin Fathers. Born at Aoste, in Piedmont, A.D. 1033. Brought over from his monastery of Bec, in Normandy, and forced to be Archbishop of Canterbury. Resolute in maintaining the Church's independence against William II. and Henry I.—Died A. D. 1109. His à priori argument for the Existence of God 250 His great work on the Atonement, Cur Deus Homo 305,310 GLOSSARIAL INDEX. ABSOLUTION, see "KEYS." ADAM, the whole race summed up in Christ as the Second PAGES 56, 60, 192 Adam or anima rationalis, the Logos supplying its place ATHANASIAN CREED, its doctrine of the Trinity Its date A.D. 420-431, according to Waterland ATONEMENT: Christ's human obedience, tested even unto See also under SATISFACTION, for modern views. 36 31, 32 34 256 257 40-69 236-238 BAPTISM: the Sacrament wherein we are admitted into the Christian Covenant. The outward sign is water with words ordained by Christ; the inward and spiritual gift is regeneration (see REGENERATION). To the Covenant there are two sides :-on our side certain responsibilities; on God's side, remission of the displeasure under which, as children of a fallen race, we are born, and admission to the sanctifying influences of the Holy Spirit. (See ORIGINAL SIN) . CALVINISTIC Theory of the Atonement, that Christ suffered punishment as our substitute, open to grave objections 123-127 47-49 24-28 His character and His teaching alike imply a con- CHURCH, a divinely-instituted Society, maintaining its con- Notes of the Church: One and the same Lord, one and the same Creed; the same two Sacraments; Discipline, and a continuous Ministry 98 98 100, 101 The Discipline and Ritual need not be uniform, nor need the form of Polity, so long as the commission is continuously transmitted; Episcopacy proved by experience to be the best safeguard for this continuity COMMUNICATION OF PROPERTIES (communicatio idiomatum), a mode of speech in Theology whereby properties of one of Christ's natures are predicated of the other (as "they crucified the Lord of Glory" 1 Cor. ii. 8); called also Teρixwpnois, i.e. a circulatory mode of speech COMMUNION OF SAINTS specially realised in the Eucharist. CONSCIENCE, argument for God's existence from our in stinctive sense of responsibility COUNCILS, the doctrine of the Trinity and Incarnation as set forth in the first four General Councils-Nicæa, A.D. 325, to refute Arians; Constantinople, A.D. 381, to refute Macedonians and Apollinarians; Ephesus, A.D. 431, to refute Nestorians; Chalcedon, A.D. 451, to refute Eutychians CREED, as given by Irenæus about the year 180 DEATH OF CHRIST, why necessary? Three reasons suggested by Is. liii. 12:—(1) That He might be "numbered with the transgressors," taking on Himself our demerits, that we might share His merits; (2) that His soul, "poured out unto death," might be communicable to us; (3) thaɩ, entering into the house of "the strong one," He might despoil him 264 144 13 37-39 60-64-68 PAGES Christ's death a sacrifice, typified by the sin-offering, 236 36 EXPIATION, a death unto sin which shall satisfy the law of GOD, arguments to prove His existence :— I. A priori argument, from first principles of reason 2. A posteriori argument from observation of design in 3. Moral argument from conscience 4. Spiritual evidence, from experience of communion, the 79, 318 8 8 8 GRACE: the word is used in two senses, sometimes for the HOLY GHOST. The doctrine of His Personality and Indi- (See PROCESSION, FILIOQUE.) 13-19 121 70 IMPUTATION of our sin to Christ and of His righteousness |