517 Sir Roger dies; in 530 Will Honeycomb marries; in 541 the Templar abandons poetry, turns to the law, and gives up his companions; in 544 we see Captain Sentry in possession of Sir Roger's estate. Later (in 549) we learn that the clergyman has peacefully passed away, and Sir Andrew retires from business and from club life, leaving the SPECTATOR alone. Finally (in 555) he too makes his bow, and for a year and a half the curtain falls.

APPENDIX

THE MOTTOES TRANSLATED

THE SPECTATOR says (in No. 370): "Many of my fair readers, as well as very gay and well received persons of the other sex, are extremely perplexed at the Latin sentences at the head of my speculations; I do not know whether I ought not to indulge them with translations of each of them."

In another essay (No. 221) he says: "I must confess, the motto is of little use to an unlearned reader, for which reason I consider it only as a word to the wise. But as for my unlearned friends, if they cannot relish the motto, I take care to make provision for them in the body of my paper. If they do not understand the sign that is hung out, they know very well by it that they may meet with entertainment in the house; and I think I was never better pleased than with a plain man's compliment, who, upon his friend's telling him that he would like the Spectator much better if he understood the motto, replied that good wine needs no bush." 1

While the most of those who use this little volume are doubtless learned readers, and capable of "understanding the sign," it has still been thought best to provide original translations (combined with a few selected ones from the poets), but to place these at the close of the book, so as not to interfere with the enjoyment of any who prefer to exercise their own wits upon the classic tongue. As those who consult this Appendix are presumably ignorant of Latin, whenever the translation departs widely from the Latin idiom a literal version is given in parentheses.

1 See the Epilogue to As You Like It, "Bush, 4," in Webster's International, and Tatler No. 96. A bush was anciently the sign of a tavern. It was succeeded by a thing intended to resemble a bush, consisting of three or four tiers of hoops fastened one above another, with vine leaves and grapes richly carved and gilt, and a Bacchus bestriding a tun at the top. The owner of a tavern in Aldersgate Street was so affected at the execution of Charles I. that he painted his "bush" black. The house was long after known as "The Mourning Bush of Aldersgate."-HAWKINS'S Hist. of Music.

I. He does not purpose from a flash to produce smoke, but from smoke to derive light; so that, in succession, he may bring forth wondrous beauties. -"Art of Poetry " ("Ars Poetica," or "Epistola ad Pisones "), v. 143.

"He does not lavish at a blaze his fire,

Sudden to glare, and in a smoke expire ;
But rises from a cloud of smoke to light,
And pours his specious miracles to sight."

Translation by Philip Francis, D.D.

II. But six others and more cry out together with one voice. "Seventh Satire," v. 166.

(The best Latin texts have haec [these things] in place of ast [but], and vel [even] in place of et [and].)

III. They believed it a gross wickedness and one to be atoned for with death, if a youth had not risen up in presence of an old man.-"Thirteenth Satire," v. 54.

""Twas a crime

Worthy of death, such awe did years engage,

If manhood rose not up to reverend age.'

Translation by William Gifford.

(Compare with "Leviticus," xix. 32.)

IV. The wild beast is merciful to those of his own kind. (Literally,-A similar wild beast spares cognate spots.)—"Fifteenth Satire," v. 159.

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"From spotted skins the leopard does refrain.”

Translation by Nahum Tate.

V. She had not accustomed her woman's hands to the distaff or work-baskets of Minerva.-" Eneid," vii. 805.

"Unbred to spinning, in the loom unskilled."

Translation by John Dryden.

VI. Here abounding Plenty shall flow, and for thee shall she pour forth the wealth of rural honors from her generous horn. (Literally,-Hence for thee plenty shall flow to the full, from benig

nant horn [pour forth] the riches of the honors of the country.)— "Odes," book I. xvii. 14.

"And all our rural honors here

Their flowery wealth around thee shall diffuse."

Translation by Philip Francis, D.D.

VII. The Athenians erected a colossal statue of Esop, and, although he was a slave, placed it on an enduring pedestal, that men might take knowledge that the Way to Honor lies open to all. (Literally, -For Esop, the Athenians placed a mighty statue, and established the slave on an eternal foundation, that all might know the way of honor to lie open.)-"Epilogue to Phædrus's Fables."

VIII. Uselessly out of breath; achieving nothing, though attempting much. (Literally, -Panting without recompense, in doing many things doing nothing.)" Fables," v. 2.

IX. Unconventionally wise. (Literally,- Wise [but] not according to rule.)—"Satires," book ii. 2, 1. 3.

X. On all sides an awful dread causes our hearts to quail, while the very silence is terrifying. (Literally,—Everywhere horror [seizes our] spirits, at the same time the silences themselves terrify [them].) (The best text has animo in place of animos [literally, horror is to the spirit], but the idea is the same.)— 66 Eneid," " ii. 755.

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XI. First, reverence the deathless gods as it is fixed by law.Fragments."

XII. [Her] features abide deeply fixed in [his] breast.— “Æneid,” iv. 4.

(In the original this means that his [Æneas's] features remain in her [Dido's] heart; but in this paper the rule must be worked the other way.)

XIII. The shame and dread of (literally,-flight [from]) Poverty. "Epistles," book I. xviii. 24.

XIV. That there may be a sound mind in a sound body.— "Tenth Satire," v. 356.

1 Only fragments of "Pythagoras" have been preserved, and these were written by some one else.

XV. Cithaeron' calls with a great cry, and the dogs of Taygetus." Georgics," iii. 43.

"Cithaeron loudly calls me to my way;

Thy hounds, Taygetus, open, and pursue their prey.'
Translation by John Dryden.

XVI. They themselves invent dreams for themselves.-“Eclogues," viii. 108.

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XVII. The deadly shaft is fixed in his side.-"Eneid," iv.

"The fatal dart

Sticks in his side, and rankles in his heart."

Translation by John Dryden.

XVIII. The city which they call Rome, O Meliboeus, I, foolish one, thought [was] like this [village] of ours.-"Eclogues," i. 20.

"Fool that I was, I thought imperial Rome

Like Mantua, where on market days we come.'

Translation by John Dryden.

XIX. First Motto: In sooth, I believe [that they act thus] because a talent has been bestowed upon them by the gods. (Literally,-Indeed I believe3 because [there] may be from

heaven to them a natural capacity.)—“Georgics," i. 415.

Second Motto: All things are full of God [Jove].-"Eclogues," iii. 60.

XX. A pleasant companion on the way is equal to (literally,— is in the place of) a carriage.—"Fragments.'

1 A mountain in Boeotia.

? A mountain in Laconia famed for hunting.

3 Virgil said quite another thing: viz., Haud equidem credo "In truth I do not believe [that when ravens, etc., display intelligence it is] because they have a spirit of discernment from the gods, or superior knowledge of things by fate." Dryden translates it thus:

"Not that I think their breasts with heavenly souls
Inspired, as man, who destiny controls."

But Addison garbled the text, and made it a suitable motto for his own belief.

4 Publius Syrus was a Roman slave from Syria who lived in the time of Virgil. He was freed because of his literary talents. Eight or nine hundred of his maxims are now extant.