gyman who delivered it has the reputation of being attached to the tenets of Socinianism, a heresy which the orthodox allege is spreading itself widely among the Prussian theologians." A Tour in Germany, and some of the Southern Provinces of the Austrian Empires in the years 1820-1-2, Edinburgh. 1824. Vol. II. 772. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. A most pleasing scene has been exhibited in this Republic. After many invitations, the venerable patriot and champion of liberty, LA FAYETTE, has paid a visit to the country whose independence he was instrumental in establishing. Leaving his native country France to her political degradation, he breathes again the air of freedom, and is welcomed by the shouts of a grateful people, as one of the heroes of their revolution, the companion in arms of the immortal Washington, and the contemporary and friend of Adams and Jefferson. On this occasion, the Americans have displayed an enthu siasm which was scarcely thought congenial with their character. The voice of party has been hshed; all the citizens have vied with each other in testimonies of gratitude; LA FAYETTE'S progress has been one continued triumphal procession; and the legislature have by acclamation passed an act conferring upon him a splendid national reward. What must be this virtuous old man's feelings on witnessing the present unexampled prosperity of the Union, and in receiving numberless daily acknowledgments that all this greatness and felicity is partly owing to his own disinterested exertions on behalf of a people who had no other claim upon his valour, than that they were oppressed and were determined to be free! What are snuff-boxes, what are stars, garters and crosses, compared with this distinction? Not all the power nor all the wealth of the Holy Alliance, or of the combined kings of the earth, could confer an honour that would not appear childish beside this proud display of manly affection, which at once reflects honour on the free hearts from which the design emanated, and shews, by a neverfailing sign, the immortal renown of him whose character has attracted the na tional homage. New York. We understand that the Dutch Reformed Church in this city have passed a resolution, that hereafter persons wishing to leave them and join the Universalist church shall be dismissed and recommended to it in the same manner as to any other Christian Church. NEW PUBLICATIONS IN THEOLOGY AND GENERAL LITERATURE. Three Letters addressed to the Rev. Fred. Nolan, on his Mis-criticisms in the Remembrancer relative to 1 John v. 7: in which are contained, also, Strictures on the further Vindication of the same Passage by the Bishop of St. David's; together with a New Translation of the Genuine Text, proposed and defended from every Cavil. By the Rev. John Oxlee, Rector of Seawton and Curate of Stonegrave. The Book of the Roman Catholic Church, in a Series of Letters to Robert Southey, Esq. LL.D, on his "Book of the Church." By Charles Butler, Esq., of Lincoln's Inn. 8vo. 98. 6d. Dissertations on some Parts of the Old and New Testaments which have been supposed Unsuitable to the Divine Attri. butes. By Richard Twopenny, M. A., Rector of Casterton Parva, Rutland. 8vo. 10s. 6d. A Vindication of those Citizens of Geneva, and other Persons, who have been Instrumental in the Revival of Scriptural Religion in that City, in Reply to the Statements of Professor Chenevière and Robert Bakewell, Esq. By J. P. Smith. 8vo. 2s. Who wrote Emây Baσiding? 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Memoirs of Antonio Canova; with a Critical Analysis of his Works, and an Historical View of Modern Sculpture. By J. S. Memes, A. M. 8vo. Portrait and Engravings, 158. A Short Extract from the Life of General Mina. Published by Himself. 8vo. 58. Memoirs of the Rev. W. Ward, late of Serampore, India, with some of his Early Poems, and a Monody to his Memory. By Samuel Stennett. Portrait. 6s. Travels among the Arab Tribes, in cluding the Countries East of Syria and Palestine. By J. S. Buckingham, Esq. 4to. 31. 38. A Brief Narrative of an Unsuccessful Attempt to reach Repulse Bay through the Welcome, in his Majesty's Ship Griper, in the Year 1824. By Capt. Lyon, R. N. 8vo. Chart and Six Engravings, 10s. 6d. Historical Notes respecting the Indians of North America; with Remarks on the Attempts made to civilize them. By J, Halkett, Esq. 8vo. 10s. 6d. 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By William Dealtry, B.D., F.RS., Rector of Clapham, Surrey, &c. 8vo. 2s. Preached in the Parish Church of St. Peter's, Cornhill, Nov. 7, 1824, on being inducted into the Rectory. By J. Page Wood, LL.B., Chaplain to H. R. H. the Duke of Sussex. 1s. The Obligation and Essentials of Chris. tian Worship: preached at the Consecra Letters from the Irish Highlands. 8vo. tion of All-Souls' Church, St. Mary-la10s. 6d. Sermons. A Course of Sermons for the Year; containing Two for each Sunday, and One for each Holiday; abridged from Eminent Divines, &c. By the Rev. J. R. Pitman. 2 vols. 8vo. 18s. Sermons and Charges, by T. F. Middleton, D.D., late Lord Bishop of Calcutta; with Memoirs of his Life. By H. K. Bonney, D. D., Archdeacon of Bedford. 8vo. 14s. The Discourses delivered at the Settlement of the Rev. W. Orme, at Camberwell, Oct. 7, by the Revds. Jos. Fletcher, Greville Ewing and Dr. Winter. 28. Two, at St. John's, Clerkenwell, Nov. bonne, Nov. 25, 1824. By J. H. Spry, D. D., Minister. 8vo. 1s. 6d. The Good Shepherd: preached at the Cathedral of St. John, Calcutta, May 27, 1824, at the Primary Visitation of the Right Rev. Dr. Heber, Second Lord Bishop, when he conferred Ordination on a Native Christian. By H. Parish, LL.D. 2s. Preached in the Church of St. Paul, Hammersmith, Nov. 24, 1824, on the Death of the late G. Pring, Esq. By F. T. Atwood, B. A., Curate. 8vo. 1s. A Charge to the Clergy of the Diocese of Litchfield and Coventry, at the Pri mary Visitation. By H. Ryder, D.D., Lord Bishop. 8vo. 18. 6d. CORRESPONDENCE. Communications have been received from Dr. Evans; Sylvanus; Cantabrigiensis; and S. D. Also, "The Mosaic Mission, translated from Schiller." We have no means of seeing Mr. Orton's letter, referred to by J. J. Perhaps he may be able to furnish us with a copy. The Publishers have a Set of the MONTHLY REPOSITORY Complete in Nineteen Volumes. Such of the former Volumes and Numbers as are not out of print, may also be obtained, on application to them, personally, or through the Booksellers in town or country. ERRATA. Vol. XIX. p. 732, 2nd col. 1. 10 from the bottom, for ind.' read in das. P. 734, 2nd col. 1. 12 from the bottom, for as a question,' read a question. Monthly Repository. No. CCXXX.] FEBRUARY, 1825. [Vol. XX. Mons. Sismondi on the Political, Moral and Religious State of the British Possessions in India. SIR, Birmingham, January 28, 1825. A LATE number of the Revue Encyclopédique, published at Paris, contains a valuable paper, written by the celebrated Sismondi, on the state of our vast possessions in India. The article is a review of two English publications on the same subject, which are full of the most enlightened views and important information. The following extract from the review, will, I trust, be deemed worthy of a place in the Monthly Repository; the readers of which will be not a little interested in learning what is thought by foreigners of ta lent and disinterestedness on a subject which so deeply involves our national character as the friends of humanity and civilization. The extract closes with a tribute of admiration to the great and virtuous Rammohun Roy. Y. How important is it that the East Indies should attract the public at tention! This immense empire comprehends the most populous and the richest part of Asia: with its subjects and its vassals, it contains nearly eighty millions of inhabitants; and as the English have all the advantages to be derived from superiority in the arts of warfare and government, it may perhaps extend over the rest of Asia. Nevertheless, a law which would injure the interests of Bristol or Manchester would much sooner inflame the British nation, than if it overwhelmed the whole of India. This is not surprising: Hindostan is separated from England by the whole terrestrial globe. The accounts which are received from thence are often six months in arriving: the communications between the inhabitants of the two countries are so expensive as to become rare: a long and difficult study is necessary in order to have an idea of the organization of a country so completely different from any with which we are acquainted; and this study is rendered still more difficult from the number of words and names, drawn from the unknown languages of India, which we cannot succeed in pronouncing, and which we cannot easily remember. India, but scarce one in ten escapes Many English, undoubtedly, go to the pernicious influence of the climate; scarce one in ten returns to his native country with a fortune bought at the expense of health and activity, which have given place to languor and weakness. These veterans of India form, however, almost the only individuals who understand sufficiently the affairs of India to take a lively interest in them. Lastly, the India Companywhich is placed between the nation and its subjects, which forbids all colonization to the English, and has long prohibited all commerce, so that England has hardly any advantages from its immense Asiatic possessions - has succeeded in making the English almost completely uninterested in the affairs of India. Nevertheless, in spite of all these disadvantages, the public opinion of England has still a good effect upon India. It is a lighthouse, whose rays can hardly pierce the darkness at so immense a distance; although they point out some rocks wherever they do penetrate. The social system of Hindostan is little better than that of the West Indies; but it is advancing. The good which has been done in India, has been demanded from power by public opinion: greater good is and will be demanded for it still. The national wishes with regard to India are still confused and feeble; but they will be enlightened, they will be strengthened, and they will finally obtain what they have once required. India, thanks to the management of the Company, does not enrich the English. This fact is the result of observation, established by M. Say and by all who have studied the affairs of the Company. This will sooner or later cause the dissolution of the Company, and the complete reunion of the country it governs to the British empire. But this consideration is quite secondary, when compared with the duty of governors. The government of a state is not a commercial undertaking, of which the profits can be calculated by pounds, shillings and pence: it is an august task, a sacred duty to be fulfilled. In what ever manner this power may have fallen into a person's hands, his duties are still the same: he ought to employ his power solely for the good of the people he governs; for its good, not only physically, But morally; for its improvement, as well as its tranquillity or opulence. The Company is accountable to England, and England to the rest of mankind, for from seventy to eighty millions of human beings, of which they can, and therefore ought, to make men. The duties of England towards India will not be accomplished till these men are as virtuous, as happy, as free, as those whom she glories in having made so at home. To raise subjects thus high from a state of profound degradation, must undoubtedly require from the English nation time, and a great length of time. She will not be reproached on this ground, if she employs the time well; but it is necessary for her to advance, and to wish to advance, whilst the Company wishes to remain stationary. And most commonly the Government wishes it too, though there have been glorious exceptions, particularly during the late administration of the Marquis of Hastings. It belongs to the English nation to wish more fervently than either, for the welfare and advancement of humanity. The subjects of Britain in India are of two religions: the great mass of the ancient inhabitants worship Brama; the descendants of the Mogul conquerors are Mahometans. Other religions are professed only by foreign ers. Experience has sufficiently shewn that both the religions professed by the natives are hostile to the development of moral sentiments, to the progress of intellect, to the love of country, and to that of liberty. But for experience, better hopes might have been entertained of Islamism; a religion founded upon the worship of one God, a pure Spirit, all-powerful, all-good; which makes charity the first duty of the faithful. But despotism and priestcraft have dreadfully changed the religion of Mahomet. Wherever it is professed, a savage fanaticism is found; a hatred of all intellectual and moral improvement; and external observances put in the place of moral duties. The religion of Brama is still more fatal to the human species. It has so constantly substituted ritual observances for virtues, that its professors do not think of seeking any tie between religion and morality. A great number of its customs are atrocious; others are obscene; and its most constant effect is to efface humane feelings from the heart. But, especially, it is founded upon the division of the people into castes; upon the invincible aversion that it establishes between them; upon the repugnance which it inspires between one man and another of a different caste; upon that idea of offending the Divinity which it attaches to the progress of each individual towards a superior state. The religion of Brama enchains human nature; it rivets the irons which fix each to his place, and which must for ever impede civilization. The English really bear to their Indian subjects the relation which the absolute governments of Europe pretend to bear to theirs, when they arrogate to themselves the right of judging what is fit for man and what is not; when they speak of the people as if they themselves, instead of being a part of the people, were angels. The English are a superior race to the Indians; they know better than the inferior race what is proper for them; they may properly aspire to be the tutors, the instructors of their subjects; whilst our governors, chosen from among ourselves, ought to consider themselves only as our representatives. However, the English have thought that the sovereign power with |