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very jaws of destruction. Still it could not be forgotten that he brought with him a name tainted by the odour of unfaithfulness. And it was quite indispensable that this evil savour should be cleansed away, by a public act of confession and penitence, before he could be received into the full confidence of his brethren in adversity. He was, therefore, advised, in the strongest manner, to make an open and voluntary retraction of his subscription: and the two persons by whom this measure was most urgently recommended, were Samson, late Dean of Chichester, and his old benefactor, Chambers, who were both at Frankfort when Jewel arrived there. Little entreaty, however, was required. The counsels of his friends found an immediate echo in his own heart; and he followed their suggestions without delay. His subscription to the Popish articles had been publicly made in St. Mary's church at Oxford. He now, therefore, resolved that his abjuration of them should be pronounced, as publicly, before the face of a christian assembly. He accordingly, on the very next Sunday after his arrival, proclaimed his own weakness, from the pulpit, in language of deep humiliation and bitter self-reproach. In a voice almost stifled with sighs and tears, he exclaimed,-" It was my abject and cowardly mind, and faint heart, that made my weak hand commit this wickedness." He then fervently implored the pardon of Almighty God whom he had offended, and the forgiveness of the Church which he had dishonoured. The whole congregation were moved, even to weeping, by the passionate expression of his shame and sorrow; and, at once, restored him to his former place in their esteem. There was not one among them who did not, thenceforth, embrace him as a beloved brother, and almost as an angel of God. Perhaps they even valued him still more highly for his ingenuous repentance, than they would have done, if he had never fallen.-Pp. 34, 35.

The death of the Popish queen at once altered the position of the exiles, and Jewel was speedily elevated to the see of Salisbury. His first official journey was a continued progress of kindness, of patience, and of laborious ministry. In a letter to Peter Martyr, he draws a lamentable picture of the degradation to which Popery had, in a few years, reduced the people ;- -a picture which the advocates of Lord John Russell's Bill for the plunder of the Irish Protestant Church, would do well to peruse.

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At last, (he says,) I have returned to London, worn and harassed by painful journeying. You possibly have thought me dead, because I have not written. I, in the meanwhile, was kept away for three whole months by the duties of this arduous commission. . And what, you will ask, has been done, after all? Receive then, in a single word, the result of much laborious inquiry. We found every where the minds of the multitude sufficiently well disposed to the true religion; and this, too, where the greatest difficulty was expected. Nevertheless, it is scarcely to be believed what a harvest, or rather what a wilderness, of superstition, had sprung up in the time of the Marian darkness. We found every where votive reliques of saints, nails with which the infatuated people dreamed that Christ had been pierced, and certain minute fragments of the sacred cross. The number of sorceresses and witches, in all quarters, was enormous. The cathedral churches had become dens of robbers, or worse, if any thing more foul and iniquitous could be named. If there was any instance of inveterate obstinacy, it was found among the priests; those, more especially, who, for a time, had stood forward on our side. They, as I suppose, in order that they may not be thought to have changed their opinions inconsiderately, are now confounding every thing. But let them make what disturbance they may; we, in the mean time, have thrust them out from their degree and ministry.-Pp. 71, 72.

To enlarge upon the evils, moral and political, with which a nation subject to the papal dominion must be infected, would here be a work of supererogation. The advocates of Romanism are accustomed to fortify their position with spurious and hyperbolical quotations, chiefly from foreign divines, who are absurdly called the patriarchs of our Church, and to argue that the discipline of the Popish religion was calculated to promote the moral welfare of the public. From such a decision we confidently appeal to the dignified morality of the English and Scotch, compared with that total absence of principle-that abandoninent to voluptuousness and sensuality-that disregard even to the outward forms of law, both human and divine, which characterises the Popish assassin of Ireland. We appeal to the manners, laws, customs, and institutions of foreign nations, and particularly those whose obedience to the Church of Rome is unlimited. We appeal to the habits and ferocity of Mr. O'Connell's "finest pisintry," over whom their priesthood possesses unlimited influence, and are confident the advantage must lie on the side of that Protestant Church which Lord John Russell and his factious followers have dared to vilify.

But to return to the subject which has elicited these remarks. The example set by Bishop Jewel as the determined and uncompromising champion of the Church, is well worthy imitation. Evils almost as imminent, and, in some respects, of a more fearfu character, impend over the Protestant religion in this our day. For blind, indeed, must that man be, to the insidious arts, and nefarious intrigues, of the dark faction who sway the destinies of Ireland, if they suppose for a moment that the fate of the Established Church will be confined to that island. The dark wing of the destroying demon will speedily overshadow our land; the Python of superstition will breathe pestilence and destruction over our altars, unless their appointed guardians do their duty fearlessly and manfully. We have never despaired of the ultimate triumph of our cause, even when the repeal of the Test and Corporation Act was followed by Popish Emancipation; and the latter was succeeded by the dismantling of the towers of the Protestant Church in Ireland, and by the abolition, at one fell swoop, of ten bishoprics. We trusted in the Rock of Ages. But we cannot shut our eyes to the perils by which we are environed, nor conceal the fact that the Established Church is threatened with desolation, and the ark of our God openly assailed by schismatics and infidels of all denominations. Let the resistance offered by Jewel to the spoliation of the Church, however, be imitated by our own Prelates, and we shall come out triumphant from the fiery ordeal.

The care with which he guarded and administered the episcopal revenues, was extended by him to those belonging to the Church over which he presided. This duty was one which, at that period, required unusual firmness and address. Elizabeth was notoriously vigilant over her treasury. Not only her.

gay courtiers, but her most faithful and laborious servants, were often heard to complain of this department in her system of government. But then, there was always a valuable, and, as many seemed to think, an inexhaustible, resource in the property of the Church. Solvat Ecclesia-let the Church pay for all-was literally the motto of a company of young gallants, who appeared with sumptuous appointments at a solemn tilting, in the time of Bishop Bancroft. And it is well known that, during the whole of Elizabeth's reign, it required all the watchfulness and courage of the Bishops, to preserve what had been left by Henry and his courtiers, from indiscriminate plunder. Jewel was inflexible in his resistance to this shameless rapacity. One instance, in particular, is recorded of his faithfulness in this respect. A certain layman of rank, having, by soine means, obtained a prebend in the Church of Salisbury, was desirous of letting it for his own advantage. He waited on the Bishop for his consent; produced the stipulations of the contract; and, with it, the opinions of the lawyers relative to the validity of the transaction. The Bishop instantly replied, "What your lawyers may answer I know not. But this I know, that I will take care that my church shall sustain no loss, while I live." What was the precise nature of this case,-and whether it was such as enabled the Bishop to protect his church by any effectual opposition to the measure, we are left wholly uninformed. At all events, he must have had the satisfaction of knowing that he had done his part towards saving the patrimony of the Church from the ruin which her own professed friends were bringing upon it. It is, further, much to his honour that the presence of the Queen and her Court was unable to bear down his resolution, or to deter him from manifesting the same care for the whole Church collectively. On one occasion he was called upon to preach before her Majesty. He chose for his text, Psalm lxix. 9, "The zeal of thy house hath eaten me." In the course of his sermon he observed, that "the cause why the Church of God is so forsaken was the want of zeal in them that should, either for their courtesy, or for their ability, be fosterers of learning, and increase the livings, where occasion is, and give hope and comfort to learned men. What said I-increase? Nay, the livings and provision which heretofore were given to this use, are taken away." He then goes on to denounce and expose the ruinous impropriations, and other scandalous abuses of sacred property: and adds, “thus they that should be careful for God's Church-that should be patrons to provide for the consciences of the people, and to place among them a learned minister, who might be able to preach the word unto them, out of season, and in season, and to fulfil his ministry,-seek their own, and not that which is Jesus Christ's. They serve not Jesus Christ, but their belly. And this is done, not in one place, or in one county, but throughout England. A gentleman cannot keep his house unless he have a parsonage or two in farm in his possession." And then he exclaims-“ O merciful God, whereto will this grow at last! If the misery which this plague worketh would reach to but one age, it were tolerable. But it will be a plague to the posterity. It will be the decay and desolation of God's Church." Young men which are toward and learned, see this. They see that he which feedeth the flock, hath least part of the milk. He which goeth a warfare, hath not half his wages. Therefore, they are weary and discouraged. They change their studies. Some become prentices. Some turn to physic. Some to law. All shun and flee the ministry. And-besides the hinderance that thus groweth by wicked dealing of patronsby reason of the impropriations, the vicarages in many places, and in the properest market towns, are so simple, that no man can live upon them, and therefore no man will take them. They were wont to say, Beneficia sine curábenefices without charge. But now it may be said, Cura sine beneficio, charge or cure without benefice!" He next addresses the Queen herself, more directly, in these words: "Your Grace's subjects had some hopes of amendment in your Grace's late visitation. But yet it standeth in case as miserable as it did before. I know your Grace heareth not of these matters. And I hope God

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will work in your gracious heart to provide some remedy against them. For, otherwise, the schools will be forsaken, the Church desolate, the people wild and dismayed, the gospel discredited otherwise, we shall see that wrought against the house of God, that never any Jeroboam, or Julian, or Licinius, could have brought to pass against us." He then proceeds to notice the advocates for what, in modern phraseology, we may call the voluntary system,— who seem to have been nearly as clamorous in those days, as they are in our own: "But there are many who will say, such as be ministers in the Church should teach freely without hope of recompense or hire for their labour. Our preachers are no better than Peter or Paul, and the other apostles. They are no better than the holy prophets, who lived poorly. Poverty is a commendable estate! So say some, in like devotion as did Judas,-what needed this waste? This might have been sold for much and given to the poor! Not that he cared for the poor, but because he was a thief, and had the bag, and bare that which was given. I doubt not there are many which teach Christ, for Christ's sake; which say in their soul, the Lord is my portion; who, in that heavy time, from which God delivered them, if they might have received their life only for a recompense, would have been glad to take the pains; who seek you and not yours; which have forsaken all they had to follow Christ. I doubt not there are such. But, for the hope of posterity, I report me to all you which are fathers, and have children for whom you are careful. Although you yourselves have a zeal and care for the house of God, yet will ye not breed them up, keep them at school, until four and twenty years old, to your charges, that, in the end, they may live in glorious poverty-that they may live poor and naked, like the prophets and apostles! Our posterity shall rue that ever such fathers went before them. And chronicles shall report this contempt of learning among the punishments and murrains, and other plagues of God. They shall leave it written, in what time, and under whose reign this was done. Or, if we grow so barbarous that we consider not this, or be not able to draw it into chronicle, yet foreign nations shall not spare to write this, and publish it, to our everlasting reproach and shame."-Pp. 210 - 215.

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We should not be doing justice, either to the Bishop or his biographer, were we to confine our extracts merely to what may be called the historical points of the prelate's life, for although with Jewel religion was the one thing," still the times in which he lived necessarily compelled him to mix with the world, and to enter into the discussion of those subjects of absorbing interest to the divine and patriot, with which the times of Mary and Elizabeth teemed. In placing these before the reader, Mr. Le Bas has displayed sound judgment and discrimination, and the text with which he closes at once the Life of Jewel and his volume, is in good taste and feeling. The closing portion of the address (on the Sacraments) may be regarded, observes our author, as his own last words, and a more appropriate termination of our notice could not be selected.

"My son, hearken unto me. These be the last words which I shall speak unto thee. Thou seest, in me, the weakness and decay of the flesh. Thou shalt be, as I am now. One passeth before another. The world, and the beauty thereof, fade and come to an end. Trust not the world. It will deceive thee. Walk advisedly. Know, thou shalt give an account of thy doings. For we must all appear before the judgment-seat of Christ: that every man may receive the things which are done in the body, according to that he hath done, whether it be good or evil."

"Deceive no man by wrongful dealing. Increase not thy goods, by extortion, nor by usury. He that giveth his money unto usury, shall not enter into the Tabernacle of the Lord. He that taketh usury of his neighbour, killeth him without a sword. The Lord will avenge it. He will not bless ill-gotten goods. They cannot prosper. They will never continue, nor remain unto the third heir."

My son, in all thy doings, fear the Lord. If thou fear the Lord, thou shalt prosper, and, in the day of thine end, thou shalt be blessed. Meddle not much with other men's business, lest thou be entangled with controversies. Abhor the slanderer and double-tongued. Let my doings, which am thy father, be ever before thine eyes. Those few goods which I have, were truly gotten. I have not gathered them of the tears, and heaviness, and undoing, or hindering, of any. Help thy neighbour according to thy power, and turn not thy face from the poor and needy. Be merciful after thy power. If thou hast much, give plenteously. If thou hast little, do thy diligence gladly to give of that little. Be not slow to visit the sick. Whatever thou takest in hand, remember the end, and thou shalt never do amiss."

As for me, I have passed the vanities and miseries of this world. The Lord hath given, and the Lord hath taken away. Blessed be the name of the Lord. He is the Lord my God; let him do with me as seemeth good unto him. I know that this shall be hastening salvation; and that Christ shall be inagnified in my body, whether it be by life or by death. I have not so lived that I am ashamed to live. Neither am I afraid to die; for we have a gracious Lord. I know that if my earthly house of this tabernacle be destroyed, I have a building given of God, not made with hands, but eternal in the heavens. They that die in the Lord are blessed. They shall rest from their labours. Christ is, unto me, both in life and death, advantage."

"In such sort"-the Bishop continues-" Do the godly prepare themselves to their journey out of this life. Then the minister prayeth that he may be constant in his faith. He strengtheneth him, and confirmeth him in it. He exhorteth the sick to commend himself unto God. He prayeth unto God, that he will give his angels charge over him, that he fall not into temptation. He teacheth him to say,-O Lord, in thee have I trusted; let me never be confounded. Come, Lord Jesus, come, and take me unto thee. Lord, let thy

servant depart in peace. Thy kingdom come. I am thy son. Thine am I; Ó save me Into thine hands, O Lord, I commend my spirit. Thou hast redeemed me, O Lord God of truth.In this state he dieth; and hath his eyes always fastened upon God: and so seeth how, indeed, the dead are blessed, which die in the Lord."

"Thus doth the Church of God instruct all men to live and to die, and to be in readiness. Thus are the sick among us anointed with the inward and invisible oil of the mercy of God. Thus are they put in mind to have the oi of faith and of a good conscience, and that their lamps may be ever burning, that so they may enter with the bridegroom; that the dayspring from on high may visit their hearts; and that it may be said unto them,-Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit ye the kingdom prepared for you, from the foundation of the world."-Pp. 339–341.

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