University to which several of the members bore witness However, the doctor had no manner of reparation made him for his great trouble and expense, which shews plainly enough the knavery, as well as the cruelty of his persecutors. In 1642 he was concerned, with others, in sending the plate of the colleges at Cambridge to the king, who was then at York; for which a furious storm fell upon several members of the University, and particularly upon Dr. Cosin, who having been some time voted as unworthy to be a head or governor of either of the Universities, or to hold or enjoy any ecclesiastical preferment, was ejected from his mastership, by a warrant from the Earl of Manchester; so that as he was the first that was sequestered, so was he also the first of his University that was turned out. Thus being deprived of all his preferments, and still fearing that worse would follow, he thought fit to leave the kingdom, and accordingly withdrew to Paris in 1643. Being safely arrived there, according to King Charles's order, he took under his care and officiated as chaplain to such of the queen's household as were Protestants; and with them and other English exiles who were daily resorting to Paris, he formed a congregation, that assembled at first in a private house, and afterwards in the chapel of Sir Richard Brown, ambassador from the court of England to that of France. Not long after he had lodgings assigned him in the Louvre, with a small pension, on account of the relation he bore to queen Hen rietta. During his ridence in this place, he shewed how false and ground ess the imputation was that had been thrown upon him; of being inclined to the Romish church: for notwithstanding the difficulties of his situa tion, he remained steady and unmoved in the profession of his religion; he kept up the English church discipline, and the form of worship appointed by the common prayer: he reclaimed several that were wavering in their principles, and had many controversies and disputes with the ecclesiastics of the country, particularly with the prior of the English Benedictines in Paris, in which he acquitted himself with so much learning and sound reasoning, that he utterly defeated the suspicions of his ene mies, and much exceeded the expectations of his friends. He resisted, moreover, several great and flattering offers of elevated preferment if he would change his religion. Though he was extremely zealous for the doctrine and discipline of the church of England, yet he continued

a friendly

intercourse and correspondence with the Protestant ministers at Charenton, who, on their parts, expressed the utmost regard for him; and permitted him sometimes to officiate in their congregations, according to the order prescribed in the book of common prayer. Thus, having during his 17 years exile in France, behaved discreetly and prudently, even in the judgment of his enemies, he returned to his native country at the restoration of Charles II. and again took possession of his preferments. About the end of July, 1660, he came to his deanry at Peterborough, and was the first who read the common prayer in that cathedral after the times of confusion. But here he did not long remain, for the king designed, a little while after, to make him dean of Durham; but reflecting on his sufferings, and his constant attachment and services beyond the seas, he nominated him bishop of that rich see and he was accordingly consecrated on the 2d of December, 1660, in Westminster abbey. As soon as he had taken possession of his diocese, he set about reforming many abuses that had crept in during the late anarchy; and by his generous and hospitable temper, accompanied with a kind and courteous deportment, he gained universal respect and esteem. He was, about this time, appointed by the convocation to draw up a new book of canons. In order to prevent confusion among the members of the chapter, in 1661 the bishop issued an explanation of the statute touching residence. His first visitation of the dean and chapter was on the 19th of July, 1662; after which he frequently repeated that ceremony, and gave excellent injunctions therein: he appointed all the usual officers within the palatinate, and confirmed to the burgesses of Stockton their charter for a market and fair, in 1666. He chiefly distinguished himself by his great munificence and charity, and by his public spirit; for considering himself principally as steward of the large revenues belonging to his see, he laid out a large share of them in repairing and rebuilding the several edifices belonging to the bishopric, which were either demolished or neglected during the civil wars. He repaired the castle at Bishop Auckland, which, upon the seizure of the episcopal lands, had been be stowed upon Sir Arthur Haselrigge, who designed to make it his principal seat; and not liking the old-fash ioned building, resolved to erect a new fabric according

to

to the fashion of those times: to prepare materials for executing this design, Sir Arthur pulled down the spacious and magnificent chapel built by Bishop Beke in the time of Edward I. and proceeded to erect his new palace in a large court on the east side of the old catle... Bishop Cosin, soon after his consecration, remarking that great part of the materials used in that building were taken from the old consecrated edifice, not only refused to use it as his habitation, though it was commodiously contrived and nobly built, but took it wholly down, and with the stone thereof built the beautiful chapel which at present stands near the palace. Under the middle aisle he constructed the convenient vault for his own sepulture. He enlarged the castle at Durham with several additional buildings, and put the whole into complete repair. He restored the bishop's house at Darlington, which was then very ruinous. He also enriched the new chapel at Auckland, and that in the castle of Durham, with several pieces of gilt plate, books, and costly ornaments, all which expenditures amounted to no less than 26,000l. He likewise built and endowed two hospitals, the one at Durham, for eight poor persons, on an old foundation of Bishop Langley's; and another at Auckland, for four people. He rebuilt the schools, as wings to the edifice for the Durham hospital. He also built a library adjoining to the Exchequer, on the palace green, with an entrance from the private gardens of the palace; this structure, and the pictures with which it is ornamented, cost 800l. and the books he gave thereto, 20001.: he also added a pension for ever for a librarian. The college of dissolved prebends at Auckland, purchased by Sir Arthur Haselrigge, and by him forfeited to the king, who gave the same to Bishop Cosin in fee, was by him bequeathed to his successors for ever. He also rebuilt the east end of the chapel at Peter-House, in Cambridge, which cost 3201. and he gave in books to the library there the value of 10001. In the same university he founded eight scholarships, viz. five in Peter-House, of 101. a year each, and three in Gonvil and Caius college, of twenty nobles a piece per annum; both which, together with a provision of eight pounds yearly for the common chest of the two colleges respectively, amounted to 2,500 1. He likewise made an augmentation of 161. a year to the vicarage of St. Andrew, at Auckland. For the redemption

of

Christian slaves at Algiers he gave 5001. for the relief of the distressed loyalists in England 8001, and numerous other benefactions; insomuch that during the eleven years he sat in the see of Durham, he spent about 2000l. annually in pious and charitable uses.

The two last years of his life the bishop enjoyed but a very indifferent state of health, being greatly afflicted with the stone; this was followed by a pectoral dropsy, which disorders put an end to his life, at his house in Pall Mall, on the 15th of January, 1671-2. In his will he made a large and open declaration of his faith; and in the latter part gave several large bequests, and directed that his body should be interred in the vault which he had prepared in Auckland chapel.

:

He had several children; the eldest of whom was prevailed upon, not only to desert the church of England, but also to take religious orders in the church of Rome: and though the bishop used all the ways imaginable, and even the authority of the French king, which he had interest to procure, to regain him, yet all proved ineffectual. Nalson says he had heard him aver, that this was the most sensible affliction that ever befel him in his whole life. The expressions in his will concerning this matter, sufficiently speak his grief: "Item, I give and be "queath to Mr. John Cosin, my lost son, one hundred pounds, having already settled an annuity of fifty pounds per annum upon him during his life: and the reason why I give him no more is, because he hath "dealt very undutifully with me, his indulgent father, "and twice forsaken his mother the church of England, "and the Protestant being the true Catholic religion "there professed, to my great grief and trouble, having "not come to me for better advice, but wholly avoided "me during these four last years together."

Besides his Book of Devotions already mentioned, he was the author of " A scholastical History of the Canon of the Holy Scripture, or the certain and indubitable Books thereof, as they are received in the Church of England," 1657, 4to; "A letter to Dr. Collins, concerning the Sabbath," printed in the Bibliotheca Literaria; "A letter to Mr. Cordel," printed at the end of a pamphlet, entitled, "The Judgment of the Church of England in the Case of Lay Baptism, and of Dissenters' Baptism;""Regni Angliæ Religio Catholica, prisca, casta, defoecata, omuibus Christianis Monarchis, Prin

cipibus,

cipibus, Ordinibus, ostensa," 1652; "Historia Transubstantiationis Papalis," 1675. This work was translated into English; "The Difference in the chief Points of Religion between the Roman Catholics and us of the Church of England, &c." printed at the end of the Corruptions of the Church of Rome, by Bp. Bull; "Notes on the Book of Common Prayer," published at the end of Dr. Nicholls's Comment on the Book of Common Prayer; and "An Account of a Conference in Paris between Cyril, Archbishop of Trapezond, and Dr. John Cosin."

MISCELLANIES.

ON THE INTERMEDIATE STATE.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE ORTHODOX CHURCHMAN'S

SIR,

MAGAZINE.

O long ago as the month of September, 1802, I wrote you a letter of enquiry concerning the Intermediate State, which you did me the honour to insert in your Magazine for Nov. 1802; and in the 4th volume of your useful and excellent publication, many of your correspondents, in the kindest and most liberal manner, favoured me with their sentiments on the point in question, for which I thought myself greatly obliged to them; but, by some means or other, I regret to say the controversy of the soul sleeping during the separation of it from the body, arose; and I did not receive that satisfaction which I expected on the particular point, Whether the separated Souls of men are or are not conscious of the things which are transacted upon earth? The following passage, from an author which fell very accidentally into my hand, although it militates against an idea I had cherished with some satisfaction, yet seems to place the question in so probable a light, that I cannot avoid quoting it in this, place; without any wish whatever to revive a controversy which I know disgusted some of your readers.

"With respect to the things of this world," says our Author, "we cannot suppose the departed soul to have any knowledge of them, other than what arises from memory or recollection. By contemplating the ideas Vol. X. Churchm. Mag. June 1806.

3 G

which