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Membra dedit, vegetus præscripta ad munia surgit. Hic tamen ad melius poterit transcurrere quondam; Sive diem festum rediens advexerit annus,

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Seu recreare volet tenuatum corpus; ubique
Accedent anni, et tractari mollius ætas
Imbecilla volet. Tibi quidnam accedet ad istam,
Quam puer et validus præsumis, mollitiem; seu
Dura valetudo inciderit, seu tarda senectus?
Rancidum aprum antiqui laudabant: non quia nasus
Illis nullus erat; sed, credo, hac mente, quod hospes
Tardius adveniens, vitiatum commodius, quam
Integrum edax dominus consumeret. Hos utinam
inter

Heroas natum tellus me prima tulisset.

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Das aliquid famæ, quæ carmine gratior aurem
Occupat humanam? Grandes rhombi, patinæque 95
Grande ferunt una cum damno dedecus. Adde
Iratum patruum, vicinos, te tibi iniquum,
Et frustra mortis cupidum, cum deerit egenti
As, laquei pretium. Jure, inquis, Trasius istis
Jurgatur verbis: ego vectigalia magna,
Divitiasque habeo tribus amplas regibus. Ergo
Quod superat, non est melius quo insumere possis?
Cur eget indignus quisquam, te divite? Quare
Templa ruunt antiqua Deûm? Cur, improbe, caræ
Non aliquid patriæ tanto emetiris acervo?
Uni nimirum tibi recte semper erunt res?
O magnus posthac inimicis risus! Uterne
Ad casus dubios fidet sibi certius? hic, qui
Pluribus assuerit mentem corpusque superbum;
An, qui contentus parvo, metuensque futuri,
In pace, ut sapiens, aptarit idonea bello?

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Quo magis his credas: puer hunc ego parvus Ofellum

Integris opibus novi non latius usum,

Quam nunc accisis. Videas metato in agello,

NOTES.

99. Trasius.] Is an unknown person.

114. Metato in agello.] Ofellus was involved in the same dis

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Cum pecore et gnatis, fortem mercede colonum, 115
Non ego, narrantem, temere edi luce profesta
Quidquam, præter olus, fumosæ cum pede pernæ.
Ac mihi, seu longum post tempus venerat hospes,
Sive operum vacuo gratus conviva per imbrem
Vicinus; bene erat, non piscibus urbe petitis,
Sed pullo, atque hædo: tum pensilis uva secundas
Et nux ornabat mensas, cum duplice ficu.
Post hoc ludus erat culpa potare magistra:
Ac venerata Ceres, ut culmo surgeret alto,
Explicuit vino contractæ seria frontis.
Sæviat, atque novos moveat fortuna tumultus;
Quantum hinc imminuet? Quanto aut ego parcius,

aut vos,

O pueri, nituistis, ut huc novus incola venit?
Nam propriæ telluris herum natura, neque illum,
Nec me, nec quemquam statuit. Nos expulit ille:
Illum aut nequities, aut vafri inscitia juris;
Postremo expellet certe vivacior heres.
Nunc ager Umbreni sub nomine, nuper Ofelli
Dictus, erit nulli proprius; sed cedet in usum
Nunc mihi, nunc alii. Quocirca vivite fortes;
Fortiaque adversis opponite pectora rebus.

NOTES.

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grace and ruin as Virgil, Tibullus, and Propertius. Their estates were given by Octavius to the veterans, who had served against Brutus and Cassius in the battle of Philippi. That of Ofellus was given to Umbrenus, who hired its former master to till the ground for him, mercede colonum. As each soldier had a certain number of acres, the land was measured, metato agello, before it was divided.

SATIRA III.

SIC raro scribis, ut toto non quater anno
Membranam poscas, scriptorum quæque retexens,
Iratus tibi, quod vini somnique benignus
Nil dignum sermone canas. Quid fiet? at ipsis
Saturnalibus huc fugisti sobrius. Ergo
Dic aliquid dignum promissis: Incipe. Nil est.
Culpantur frustra calami, immeritusque laborat
Iratis natus paries Dîs atque poëtis.
Atqui vultus erat multa ac præclara minantis,
Si vacuum tepido cepisset villula tecto.
Quorsum pertinuit stipare Platona Menandro?
Eupolin Archilocho? comites educere tantos?
Invidiam placare paras, virtute relicta?

Contemnere miser. Vitanda est improba Siren

NOTES.

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The poet intends to prove that all mankind are fools. Such a proposition is little pleasing in itself, and Horace therefore pleasantly gives it to an original, who would believe himself a great philosopher, because he carries a great beard, has a good memory to retain, and a facility of expressing the maxims of the stoic schools.

2. Membranam poscas, &c.] When the ancients composed, they wrote on tablets covered with wax, which gave them an opportunity of erasing whatever they pleased: but when they had put the last hand to a work, they wrote it out fair upon a sort of paper, called charta, made of the filmy part of the bark of the Papyrus, which grew in Egypt; or else on parchment, made of skins, which was properly called membrana.

5. Saturnalibus.] One of the most remarkable festivals among the Romans, celebrated on the fourteenth of the Calends of January, in commemoration of the ancient liberty enjoyed under the reign of Saturn.

8. Iratis natus paries Dis.] The walls of a poet's chamber seem built with the malediction of the gods upon them, since the gods have subjected them to the capricious passions of the rhyming tribe, who curse and strike them in their poetical fits, as if they were the cause of their sterility.

11. Menandro.] An Athenian, by whom the new comedy was raised to its highest perfection, and purged from the rudeness

of the old.

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Desidia; aut quidquid vita meliore parasti
Ponendum æquo animo. Dî te, Damasippe, Deæque
Verum ob consilium donent tonsore. Sed unde
Tam bene me nosti? Postquam omnis res mea Janum
Ad medium fracta est, aliena negotia curo,
Excussus propriis. Olim nam quærere amabam
Quo vafer ille pedes lavisset Sisyphus ære;
Quid sculptum infabre, quid fusum durius esset:
Callidus huic signo ponebam millia centum:
Hortos, egregiasque domos mercarier unus
Cum lucro noram: unde frequentia Mercuriale
Imposuere mihi cognomen compita. Novi;
Et morbi miror purgatum te illius. Atqui
Emovit veterem mire novus; ut solet, in cor
Trajecto lateris miseri, capitisque dolore:

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Ut lethargicus hic, cum fit pugil, et medicum urget.
Dum ne quid simile huic, esto ut libet. O bone, ne te
Frustrere: insanis, et tu, stultique prope omnes,
Si quid Stertinius veri crepat; unde ego mira
Descripsi docilis præcepta hæc, tempore quo me
Solatus jussit sapientem pascere barbam,

Atque a Fabricio non tristem ponte reverti.

NOTES.

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16. Damasippe.] Julius Damasippus, a senator, whom Cicero mentions in his epistles.

17. Donent tonsore.] Our poet knows not better how to express his gratitude, for the solemn advices Damasippus had given him, than by wishing him a good barber; for the stoics valued nothing so much, as this wise and venerable length of hair.

18. Janum ad medium.] The name of Janus was sometimes given to those great arcades which crossed the streets of Rome. Livy tells us there were three of them erected in the forum, the middle of which Horace means, and which he distinguishes from the Janus summus, and Janus imus.

21. Sisyphus.] The son of Æolus, king of Corinth. He is supposed to have lived about 1400 years before the christian æra. 25. Mercuriale.] Mercury was the god of commerce, and when a man had an uncommon skill in buying and selling, he was usually called Mercurialis, or a favourite of Mercury.

33. Stertinius.] A stoic philosopher.

36. Fabricio ponte.] Built by Fabricius the consul. It joined Rome to the isle of the Tiber.

Nam, male re gesta, cum vellem mittere operto
Me capite in flumen, dexter stetit; et, Cave faxis
Te quidquam indignum. Pudor, inquit, te malus
urgit,

Insanos qui inter vereare insanus haberi.

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Primum nam inquiram, quid sit furere: hoc si erit in te
Solo; nil verbi, pereas quin fortiter, addam.
Quem mala stultitia, et quemcunque inscitia veri
Cæcum agit, insanum Chrysippi porticus et grex
Autumat. Hæc populos, hæc magnos formula reges,
Excepto sapiente, tenet. Nunc accipe, quare
Desipiant omnes, æque ac tu, qui tibi nomen
Insano posuere. Velut silvis, ubi passim

Palantes error certo de tramite pellit;

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Ille sinistrorsum, hic dextrorsum abit; unus utrique

Error, sed variis illudit partibus: hoc te
Crede modo insanum; nihilo ut sapientior ille,
Qui te deridet, caudam trahat. Est genus unum
Stultitiæ nihilum metuenda timentis; ut ignes,
Ut rupes, fluviosque in campo obstare queratur:
Alterum et huic varium, et nihilo sapientius, ignes
Per medios, fluviosque ruentis. Clamet amica
Mater, honesta soror, cum cognatis, pater, uxor;
Hic fossa est ingens, hic rupes maxima: serva:
Non magis audierit, quam Fusius ebrius olim,

NOTES.

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38. Dexter.] Opportunus, propitior. The right was by the ancients esteemed the lucky side.

44. Chrysippi porticus.] The Porticus was the place where the stoics taught; and they first received their distinctive name from it. Chrysippus was one of Zeno's disciples, and was so famous for his logical distinctions, and interpretations of his master's doctrines, that he was looked upon by some stoics as the head of their sect.

45. Formula.] Was a law-word, signifying the rules of prac tice in conducting a process.

53. Caudam trahat.] A metaphor taken from a custom amongst children, who tied a tail behind a person, whom they had a mind to laugh at.

60. Fusius.] Was an actor, who, playing in the character of Ilione, was supposed to be asleep, when the ghost of her son

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