The Poetics of Aristotle, tr. by Twining [ed. by H. Hamilton].W. Curry & Company, 1851 - 71 |
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Popularne fragmenty
Strona 41 - Metaphor consists in giving the thing a name that belongs to something else; the transference being either from genus to species, or from species to genus, or from species to species, or on grounds of analogy.
Strona 11 - For Tragedy is an imitation, not of men, but of an action and of life, and life consists in action, and its end is a mode of action, not a quality. Now character determines men's qualities, but it is by their actions that they are happy or the reverse.
Strona 13 - A whole is that which has a beginning, a middle, and an end. A beginning is that which does not itself follow anything by causal necessity, but after which something naturally is or comes to be. An end, on the contrary, is that which itself naturally follows some other thing, either by necessity or as a rule, but has nothing following it. A middle is that which follows something...
Strona 67 - Iliad. Further : there is less unity in all epic imitation, as appears from this — that any epic poem will furnish matter for several tragedies. For, supposing the poet to choose a fable strictly one, the consequence must be either that his poem, if proportionably contracted, will appear curtailed and defective, or, if extended to the usual length, will become weak and, as it were, diluted. If, on the other hand, we suppose him to employ several fables — that is, a fable composed of several actions...
Strona 17 - On this account poetry is a more philosophical, and a more excellent thing than history"; for poetry is chiefly conversant about general truth, history about particular. In •what manner, for example, any person of a certain character would speak or act, probably or necessarily — this is general; and this is the object of poetry, even while it makes use of particular names. But what Alcibiades did, or what happened to him — this is particular truth.
Strona 50 - Le donne, i cavalier, 1'arme, gli amori, Le cortesie, 1'audaci imprese io canto...
Strona 7 - Epic poetry agrees so far with tragic as it is an imitation of great characters and actions by means of words; but in this it differs, that it makes use of only one kind of metre throughout, and that it is narrative. It also differs in length, for tragedy endeavours, as far as possible, to confine its action within the limits of a single revolution of the sun, or nearly so; but the time of epic action is indefinite.
Strona 31 - Phineus, in the tragedy denominated from them, viewing the place to which they were led, infer their fate: 'there they were to die, for there they were exposed! ' There is also a compound sort of discovery arising from false inference in the audience ; as in Ulysses the False Messenger...
Strona 32 - In composing, the poet, should even, as much as possible, be an actor: for, by natural sympathy, they are most persuasive and affecting who are under the influence of actual passion. We share the agitation of those who appear to be truly agitated— the anger of those who appear to be truly angry. Hence it is that poetry demands either great natural quickness of parts, or an enthusiasm allied to madness.
Strona 14 - Again, whatever is beautiful, whether it be an animal, or any other thing composed of different parts, must not only have those parts arranged in a certain manner, but must also be of a certain magnitude; for beauty consists in magnitude and order. Hence it is that no very minute animal can be beautiful; the eye comprehends the whole too instantaneously to distinguish and compare the parts. Neither, on the contrary, can one of a prodigious size be beautiful; because, as all its parts cannot be seen...