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Lowe, J., quercitrin and querce-

tin, 18h

Loiseau, D., combustion of or-

ganic matters under the

double influence of heat and

oxygen, 9

London University, 206, 251, 268
Louguinine, W., correspondence

from St. Petersburg, 250

Lucas, R., anthracen testing, 267

Lucius, Meister, and Brüning's

method for ascertaining ex-

act quantity of pure anthracen
contained in crude anthracen,
167

Luminous flames, theory of, 152,
206

Lunge, G., apparatus for making
chlorate of potash, 151, 139
Lupton, S., oxides of potassium,
203

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Index.

Magnetisation, influence of tem-

perature upon, 238

Magnetism on surface of mag-

nets, distribution of, 217

Magnets, circular, Duchemin's
compass with, 250

distribution of magnetism on

surface of, 217

Maize, mouldy bread, and dam-

aged Indian corn, alkaloid

found in, 144.

Malesci, M., and P. Chiappe, pre-
paring the iodides of potas-
sium and sodium, and the
bromide of potassium, 156
Maley, R., compounds of sulpho-
urea with metallic salts, 227
Malting process, pneumatic, of
M. Gallard, 72
Mallet, J. W., notes of practical

chemistry in University of
Virginia, 147, 168, 179, 190
Manetti, L., and G. Muso, salicy-
lic acid in the milk trade, 142
Manganese ore, analyses of ox-
ides of, 39

analysis of, 30, 50

analysis of peroxide of, 8

salts formed by the peroxide of,

Meadows, B., "Errors of Homæo-

pathy" (review), 70

Meat, occurrence of germs of the

tape-worm in, 83

"Medicine, Retrospect of" (re-

view), 19

Meissonier, M., bed of nickel

ores in Spain, 72

Meister, Lucius, and Brüning's

method for ascertaining an-
thracen, 167

Meldola, R., the Chemical So-
ciety, 7

Melsens, M., reactions of chlo-

rine under influence of porous

carbon, 63

Mercuric cyanide, action of phos-
phine on, 167

and arsenic, 167
Mercury in the Cevennes, 40
Mermet, M. A., alkaline sulpho-
carbonates, 94

Metachromatism,

Metallic copper, action of fatty

oils on, 176, 200, 213
dust in the atmosphere, 93
nickel extracted from ores of
New Caledonia, 50
salts, sulpho-urea with, 217
Metallisation of organic bodies to
render them fit to receive
galvanic deposits, 9

Metals, amalgamation of iron and

other, 35

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quality of the water of the, 216
coal-gas of the, 223

Meyer, R., formation of aniline-

black, 184

Mica vanadium, 46

Michael, A., and Norton, T. H.,
preparation and properties of
tri-iodo-resorcin, 270

Michel, R. F., inconvenience of
copper wire ropes as lightning
conductors, 9

Michigan, University of, 27

Mignon and Rouart, MM., extrac-

tion of juice of sugar-cane by
new apparatus, 152

"Migration" and syphonment of

gases, 184

Milan-Nevole, M., new butylic

Milk trade, salicylic acid in, 142

Millet, A., and Curie, J., com-

pound of chloral and acetic

chloride, 206

Milne, J.M.,presence of arsenic in

vapours of bone manure, 132

"Miners' Curfew and other

Matters,Social and Political"

(review), 6

Mines, coal, fire damp in, 110
measuring air in, 25, 36

Mineral analyses, 141

and organic phosphates in

manure, 154

new Cornish, 147

nickel, from New Caledonia, 193

phosphates and superphosphate

of lime, 48, 55

Minerals, American vanadium, 78
examination of Chilian, 134
Mineralogical notices, 71
Miquel, P., stains produced by
sulphocyanic acid, 250
Mitchell, H. W., note on litmus,
140

Molybdenum-pentachloride, use
of, for the production of or-
ganic chlorides, 271
Moriggia, A., natural poisonous

nature of the human corpse,
144

Morton, H., thallene, 188

Moscow, chemical laboratory of

University of, 163

Mouchot, A., industrial applica-

tion of the sun's rays, 183

Moutchal, M., De Ruoiz, H., and

De Fontenay, M.,applications

of phosphide of copper and

phosphor-bronze, 217

Muir, M. M. P., bismuth com-

pounds, 203

action of water and saline solu-

tions upon lead, 223, 234

Müller, H., "Vegetable Fibre

and its Preparation for Indus-

trial Uses" (review), 181

Müntz, A., influence of certain

salts of lime on sacchari-

metry, 9

Muso, G., and Manetti, L., sali-

cylic acid in the milk trade,

142

Muter, J., Prof. Dittmar and the

Analyst," 162

"Mysteries of Nature and Dis-

coveries of Science" (review),

247

Mwyndy mines, oxide of iron en-

closed in calcite and quartz

at, ro

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silver alloy, 150

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Perkin, W. H., Address to Che-

mical Section of British

Association, 101

new derivatives of anthracen,

145

Petit and Dulong, law of, 9, 21

Pettengill, J., organisation among
chemists, 62

Pharmaceutical Conference, 84

Pharmacosiderite, scorodite, and

clivenite in greenstone, at

Terras Mine, 10

Phenol, action of homologues on
animal organisms, 270
aniline, naphthylamin, and an-
thraquinon, the electrolysis
of the deriva.ives of, 118
behaviour of with cinchonic
aikaloids, 153

Phenols, phthalic acid with the,
206

Phenyl-ketone, para-tolyl deriva-
tives of, 270
Phenyl-sulphate hydrogen and its
homologues, synthesis of, 269
Phenylen diamin, 256
Philipson, W. T., elementary phy-

sics and geology, 154

Phillips, S. E., study of chlorine

substitution, II

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Potatoes, effect of temperature on

the growth of, 155

Potassium and sodium iodides of
bromide of potassium, pre-

paring, 154
cyanide of, action of upon halo-
genated compounds, 218
decomposition of in carbonic
acid, air, and pure hydrogen,

92
estimation of as acid tartrate,

231, 242, 249

fluoride of, 164, 185

new reagent for, 216

oxides of, 203
tri-odide, 222
Potter, E. C., organic and mine-
ral phosphates in manure, 154
Pouchet, G., determination of
tannin, 250

Prinvault, M., Persian red, 10
Proctor, B. S., effect of flexibility

on the working of chemical
balances, 14

Prunier, L., researches on quer-
cite, 238

Pseudo-sulpho-cyanogen, 80

Public Analysts, salaries of, 20

Society of, 218, 226, 249

Puiseux, Jamin, and E. Becque-

rel, MM., report of memoirs by

Allard relating to the trans-

parence of flames and atmo-

spheres and the visibility of

lighthouses with flashing

lights, 9

Pumps, Inns of Court, 19

Purpurin, 10

Puchot, E., iodine as a reagent

for starch, 72

Pyrites, gold in, determination of,

94, 132, 152, 172

sulphur from, 218

Pyrology, 177

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Reboul, M., derivatives of normal
pyro-tartaric acid, 32
Red, Persian, 10
Redmond, D.D., prize for harden-
ing plaster casts, 39
Reds from artificial alizarin and
extract of madder, distinctive
reaction betwcen, 184
Reductive sugar, transformation
of saccharose into during re-
fining, 71

Redwood T., Society of Public

Analysts, 249

Reid, W. C., mineral phosphates

and superphosphate of lime,

48,55

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SACCHARIMETER or polari-

meter, 284
Saccharimetry, influence of cer-
tain salts of lime on, 9

Saccharine matter contained in

the petals of flowers, 272

Saccharose, transformation

into reductive sugar during

refining, 71

Salet, G., experiments with the

radiometer, 32, 83

theory of spectral rays, 195
Salicylic acid in the milk trade,
142

Saline solutions and water, action
of upon lead, 223, 234
Salt, preservation of
iron from

action of, 174

soap directly trom, 143
Salts formed by perexide of man-

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CHEMICAL NEWS,

Jan. 5, 1877.

Salts of lime, influence on saccha-

rimetr, 9

Sanitary effects of Eucalyptus
globulus, 272

Sansoni, M., and G. Capellini,
magistery of sulphur, 154
Schaer, E., decolouration of in-

digo by hydro-sulphurous acid
and persulphide of hydrogen,
250

Schiff, B., compounds derived
from ammon-aldehyd, 144
Scholarships, Science, 205
Schools of Chemistry, 111
Schunck. E., and H. Roemer, an-
thraflavic and iso-anthraflavic
acids, 173

anthrapurpurin and flavopur-
purin, 131

Schwarz, 11, determination of
gold in pyrites, 94

of theine in tea, 94

kainite and kalutz in Galicia,
184

Science, British Association for
the Advancement of, 22, 122
Scholarships, 206

"Science and Industry, Record
of" (review), 69

"Science, Discoveries of and
Nature" (re-

Mysteries of
view), 247
"Science in Sport made Philo-
sophy in Earnest" (review),
259

"Science, Key to Modern" re-
view), 271

Scientific information for ladies,

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Silver-oxide, bromine, and water,

oxidation product of glycogen
with, 153
Simon, C., relation of the two
specific heats of a gas, 206
Skey, W., evolution of antimony
from stibnite by nascent hy-
drogen, 147

suspension of clay in water, 142
Skraup, M., action of halogens
upon ferricyanide of potas-
sium, 217

Smith, A., new process for e-ti-
mation of chicory in coffee,
263

A. P., improved form of aspi-
rator, 163

J. L., arragonite observed on
the surface of a meteorite,
32,87

compounds of carbon found in
meteorites, 32, 153
new form of compensating
pendulum, 65

W..

R. F., estimation of potassium
by means of acid tartrate, 249
preparing condensed
hydro-carbides, 174
Soap directly from salt, 143
Sobrero, M. A., manufacture of
dynamite, 93

Soda, use of hydrosulphite of as
a reagent in the analysis of
colours fixed upon tissues,
154

manufacture of from seaweed
by endosmotic lixiviation,

31

Index.

Sodium and potassium, preparing | Spectroscope, blowpipe with, for

iodides of, and bromide of
potassium, 154

action of on benzol, 24
Soil,electric transmission through
the, 142

Solar rays, maximum of the pos-
sible repulsive power of the,

31
Soldiani, A., detection and deter-
mination of glucose, 154
Solid water, 161
Solutions, standard, determina-
tion of sulphuric acid and
soluble sulphates by means
of, 9

Sorby, H. C., and Hodgkinson,
W. R., Pigmentum nigrum,

203
Stædel. W., and Rugheimer, L.,

action of ammonia upon
chlor-acetyl-benzol, 270
Standard solutions, determination
of soluble sulphates and sul-
phuric acid by means of, 9
Stanford, E. C. C., distillation of
seaweed, 237
"Stanley's Metre-Diagram" (re-
view), 151
Stannic ethide to stannous ethide,

oxidised product formed
during the reduction of, 203
Steel, change in physical pro-

perties of by tempering, 81
Stevenson, T., sulphurous acid as
a disinfectant, 261

Stibnite, evolution of antimony
from by nascent hydrogen,

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mineralogists, gr

determination of lithium by
means of the, 94, 122
Spectrum below red ray, observa-

tions of by means of the
effects of phosphorescence, 82
Spirgatis, H., arsenic in ancient
bronzes, 41

Swine, guanin in the urine of, 206
"Sweden, iron manufacture in "
(review), 259

"Sydney City and Suburban
Sewage and Health Board"
(review), 170
Synthesis and analysis by the
blowpipe, 177

of allantoin, 5t
Syphonment and migration of
gases, 184

TANNIN, determination of, 250
Tape worm, germs of in meat, 83
Tar, coal, anthracen in. 94
Taylor, M.,cohesion and capillary
action of films of water, 223
Tea, theine in, 94
"Technology, Massachusetts In-
stitute of" (review), 141
Teller, A., and Guignet, E., che-
mrical composition of the
water of the Bay of Rio de
Janeiro, 238

Tellurous acid, action

hydracids upon, 92, 133
Temperature, effect of

of

on the

growth of potatoes, 155
influence of upon magnetisa-
tion, 238.

Terras Mine, occurrence of phar-

macosiderite, scorodite, and
olivenite in greenstone at, 10
Terreil, A., law of Dulong and
Petit, 9, 21
Tertiary aromatic bases, phtha-
leins of, 270
Tetramethyl-ammonium, ferro-
cyanide of, 217
"Textile Colourist" (review), 89
Thallene, 188

Thallium, preparation of, 250
Thames water, nitrates in, 32
Theine in tea, 94
Thenard, M., observations
glycaemia, 109
Thermo-chromatism,

on

or heat

colouration, 103, 132
Thompson, L., erythrogen, and
some of its compounds, 134
"Miners' Curfew, and other
Matders, Social and Political"
(review), 6
presence of nitrates in the
water of the Thames, 2
"Purification of Water and
Other Things" (review), 19
Thomson, W., action of fatty oils

upon metallic copper, 175,
200, 213

Thörner, W., derivatives of para-
tolyl-phenyl-ketone, 270
Thorpe, T. E,, phosphorus penta-
fluoride, 153
Thymoquinon, 281

Tidy, C. M., composition and
quality of the Metropolitan
water, 216
Titrating alkaline sulphates, 272
astringent substances, new pro-
cess for, 230
"Tokio, University of, Calendar
for 1875" (review), 70
Tolyl-butylen, synthesis of, 271
Tiéoul, A., effect of lightning

during the storm of August 18,

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minerals, American, 78
Vanillin from sap of pine, 144
"Vegetable Fibie, and its Prepa-
ration for Industrial Uses"
(review), 181
Velden, R. V. D., and E. Bau-
mann, action of the turpen-
tines upon animal organisms,
270
"Ventilation of Hall of Repre
sentatives and "South Wing
of Capitol of the United
States" (review), 235
Versmann, F., anthracene pro-
duction, 210, 236
testing, 177, 191, 201
Villier, A, margaric chloride and
its derivatives, 235
Virginia, University of, practical
chemistry in the, 147, 168, 179,
190
Vitreous and crystalline origin of
eruptive rocks, 206
Vivian, W., oxide of iron enclosed
in calcite and quartz in the
Mwyndy Mines, 10

WAGNER, J., distinctive re-

action between reds from
artificial alizarin and extract
of madder, 184
solution of damaged albumen
in pepsin, 184
Waldenstein, M. E.,and C.Lieber-

mann, emodin from the bark
of the Rhamnus frangula, 271
benzhydroxamic-ethylester, 41
Wallace, W., tripolite, 133
Walsh and Jones's decomposing-
furnace, discussion on, 27
Wanklyn, J. A., action of certain
kinds of filters on organic
substance., 4, 11, 24

and E. T. Chapman," Water
Analysis" (review), 204

Prof. Dittmar and the Ana-

lyst," 151, 183

Society of Public Analysts, 226
The Chemical Society, 7
Wartha, V., htmus, 184
Water, "action of mass" of, 184

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THE CHEMICAL NEWS.

VOLUME XXXIV.

EDITED BY WILLIAM CROOKES, F.R.S., &c.

No. 867.-JULY 7, 1876.

THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY. WE referred last week to the fact that nine years ago there existed a similar state of affairs at the Chemical Society to that now existing. So precisely parallel are the two cases that the remarks we then made in this journal respecting the Charter and Bye-Laws of the Society are, we think, equally applicable to the present case. We therefore reproduce this article in the hope that a more careful consideration of the Charter and Bye-Laws will lead to the adoption of such measures as will render the recurrence of such disputes impossible.

"On his admission, each Fellow received the regulations of the Society, together with sundry other formal documents; but we venture to say that not many looked at them a second time, and few will now be able to lay hands on a copy of the Charter and Rye-laws, to which we now propose to direct attention. When everything is going on smoothly the laws and regnlations of the Society are dormant.

meeting is intended that which is now commonly called an ordinary' meeting. The term ordinary meeting' strictly means regular or customary meeting a general meeting means one public or common to the whole of the Fellows. Custom has sanctioned the omission of the word 'general' as qualifying the ordinary meetings, but it is still retained in Bye-law, which speaks of an extraordinary general meeting, which, logically and grammatically, can only mean a general meeting held extra, or in addition, to the ordinary bi-monthly meetings.

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"The term general meeting' occurs several times in the Charter, but nowhere do we find the terms ordinary' and 'anniversary', meetings. When, however, we refer to the regulations of other learned societies, no longer can there be any doubt as to the meaning of the term 'general' meeting. In the Charter of the Royal Society no mention is made of meetings of the members, ordinary, extraordinary, or general. But in the Charter of the Zoological Society the term 'general' meeting is used in a sense applicable only to ordinary meetings; and in the Bye-laws the monthly meetings of the Society are invariably spoken of as general meetings,' or ordinary general meetings.' In the Charters of the Linnæan and Geological Societies likewise the term By the third paragraph of the Charter of Incorpora-general meeting' is used to express the ordinary meettion, granted to the Society in 1848, it is declared

"It now appears that for many years the Society has been acting contrary to the Charter in electing Fellows, honorary and foreign Members, and Associates, according to the existing Bye-laws.

"That at all General Meetings and meetings of the Council the majority present and having a right to vote thereat respectively shall decide upon the matters propounded at such meetings.'

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Again, the concluding paragraph of the Charter

declares

"That no resolution or bye-law shall, on any account or pretence whatsoever, be made by the said body politic and corporate in opposition to the general scope, true intent and meaning of this our Charter; and that if any such rule or bye-law shall be made, the same shall be absolutely null and void to all intents, effects, constructions, and purposes whatsoever.'

"Now, it is very evident that the Bye-law, making the election of a candidate depend upon the votes of threefourth of the Fellows present, is in direct contravention to the "true intent and meaning" of the first-quoted paragraph of the Charter; and therefore such Bye-law is, according to the terms of the second citation from the Charter, absolutely null and void to all intents, effects, constructions, and purposes whatsoever.'

"But it may be argued that the third paragraph of the Charter refers only to anniversary meetings or extraordinary meetings of the Society. An attentive examination will, however, show that by the term 'general'

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ings of the members, and in the Bye-laws these are invariably termed 'general' meetings; the 9th section of the rules of the latter Society, in fact, state that the general meetings to be held by the Society shall be of 2. Special; 3. Ordinary.'

three kinds :-1. Annual;

It cannot, therefore, be doubted that the term 'general' meeting in the third paragraph of the Charter of the Chemical Society means the same as the term 'ordinary' meeting does in the Bye-laws.

"No one, we imagine, will dispute that the election of Fellows is a 'matter propounded' at a meeting upon which the majority present' are to decide. On the contrary, the question as to whether a candidate is to be admitted to the Fellowship of the Chemical Society is a very important matter propounded to those present who have a right to vote, and the question, above all others, which should be carried by a numerical majority.

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'In strict logical interpretation, therefore, those candidates who were blackballed at the recent meetings of the Society were excluded from the Fellowship in error. A numerical majority of voters were in favour of their admission, and at the present time the blackballees are as strictly entitled to the letters F.C.S. as are any of the blackballers.

"We confess we see only one course to be pursued in respect to the Bye-laws which remit the decision on such important matters as the election or removal of Fellows

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