of this tract is by no means impure, and has a great mixture of the old Attic in it, which is very rarely to be met with in the later Greek writers. A toler ably full abstract of it is given by Barchusen, Hist. Medic, Dial. 14, p. 338, &c. It was first published Venet., 1547, 8vo, in a Latin translation by Jul. Alexandrinus de Neustain. The first edition of the original was published, Paris, 1557, 8vo, edited, without notes or preface, by Jac. Goupyl. A second Greek edition appeared in 1774, 8vo, Lips., under the care of J. F. Fischer. Ideler has also inserted it in the first volume of his Physici et Medici Grea Minores, Berol., 8vo, 1841; and the first part of J. S. Bernardi Reliquiæ Medico-Critica, ed Gruner, Jenæ, 1795, 8vo, contains some Greek scholia on the work. mopte by the Latins in 1204, down to the year 1261, when Michael Palæologus delivered the city from the foreign yoke. The MS. of this work was found in the library of Georgius Cantacuzenus at Constantinople, and afterward brought to Europe. (Fabricius, Bibl. Groc., vol. 7, p. 768.) The first edition of this work, with a Latin translation and notes, was published by Theodorus Douza, Lugd. Batav., 1614, 8vo; but a more critical one by Leo Allatius, who used a Vatican MS., and divided the text into chapters. It has the title Tewpylov To Ακροπολίτου τοῦ μεγάλου λογοθέτου χρονική συγγραφή, Georgi Acropolita, magni Logotheta, Historia, &c., Paris, 1651, fol. This edition is reprinted in the "Corpus Byzantinorum Scriptorum," Venice, 1729, vol. 12. This chronicle contains one of the most remarkable periods of Byzantine history, but it is Another of his extant works is entitled Opaso short that it seems to be only an abridgment of |πευτική Μέθοδος, De Methodo Medendi," in six another work of the same author, which is lost. books, which have hitherto appeared complete only Acropolita perhaps composed it with the view of in a Latin translation, though Dietz had, before his giving it as a compendium to those young men death, collected materials for a Greek edition of whose scientific education he superintended, after his return from his first embassy to Bulgaria. The history of Michael Palæologus by Pachymeres may be considered as a continuation of the work of Acropolita. Besides this work, Acropolita wrote several orations, which he delivered in his capacity as great logotheta, and as director of the negotiations with the pope; but these orations have not been published. Fabricius (vol. 7, p. 471) speaks of a MS. which has the title Περὶ τῶν ἀπὸ κτίσεως κόσμου ἐτῶν καὶ περὶ τῶν βασιλευσάντων μέχρι ἁλώσεως ΚωνσταντιVovóλews. Georgius, or Gregorius Cyprius, who has written a short encomium of Acropolita, calls him the Plato and the Aristotle of his time. This "encomium" is printed, with a Latin translation, at the head of the edition of Acropolita by Th. Douza: it contains useful information concerning Acropolita, although it is full of adulation. Farther information is contained in Acropolita's history, especially in the latter part of it, and in Pachymeres, 4, 28; 6, 26, 34, veq. this and his other works. (See his preface to Ga len, De Dissect. Musc.) In these books, says Freind, though he chiefly follows Galen, and very often Aëtius and Paulus Ægineta without naming him, yet he makes use of whatever he finds to his purpose, both in the old and modern writers, as well barbarians as Greeks; and, indeed, we find in him. several things that are not to be met with elsewhere. The work was written extempore, and designed for the use of Apocauchus during his embassy to the north. (Praf, 1, p. 139.) A Latin translation of this work by Corn. H. Mathisius was first published, Venet., 1554, 4to. The first four books appear sometimes to have been considered to form a complete work, of which the first and second have been inserted by Ideler in the second volume of his Phys. et Med. Gr. Min., Berol., 1842, under the title IIspi Atayvóσɛws Пadov, "De Morborum Dignotione," and from which the Greek extracts in H. Stephens'.. Dictionarium Medicum, Par., 1564, 8vo, are probably taken. The fifth and sixth books have also been taken for a separate work, and were published by themselves, Par., 1539, 8vo, and Basil., 1540, 8vo, in a Latin translation by J. Ruellius, with the title 'De Medicamentorum Compositione." An extract from this work is inserted in Fernel's collection of writers, De Febribus, Venet., 1576, fol. 66 His other extant work is Περὶ Οὐρῶν, “De Urinis," in seven books. He has treated of this subject very fully and distinctly, and, though he goes upon the plan which Theophilus Protospatharius had marked out, yet he has added a great deal of origi ACTORIUS NASo, M., seems to have written a life of Julius Cæsar, or a history of his times, which is quoted by Suetonius (Jul., 9, 52). The time at which he lived is uncertain, but from the way in which he is referred to by Suetonius, he would almost seem to have been a contemporary of Cæsar. ACTUARIUS ('AкTоvápioç), the surname by which an ancient Greek physician, whose real name was Joannes, is commonly known. His father's name was Zacharias; he himself practised at Constaninople, and, as it appears, with some degree of credit, as he was honoured with the title of Actu-nal matter. It is the most complete and systematic arius, a dignity frequently conferred at that court upon physicians. (Dict. of Ant., p. 631, b.) Very little is known of the events of his life, and his date is rather uncertain, as some persons reckon him to have lived in the eleventh century, and others bring him down as low as the beginning of the fourteerth. He probably lived towards the end of the thirteenth century, as one of his works is dedicated to his tutor, Joseph Racendytes, who lived in the reign of Andronicus II. Palæologus, A.D. 1281-1328. One of his schoolfellows is supposed to have been Apocauchus, whom he describes (though without naming him) as going upon an embassy to the north. De Meth. Med., Præf. in 1, 2, p. 139, 169.) One of his works is entitled ПIɛpì 'Evepуetov Kai Παθῶν τοῦ Ψυχικοῦ Πνεύματος, καὶ τῆς κατ' αὐτὸ Alairng, "De Actionibus et Affectibus Spiritus Animalis, ejusque Nutritione." This is a psychological and physiological work in two books, it which all his reasoning, says Freind, seems to be bunded upon the inciples laid down by Aristotle, Galen, and others, with relation to the same subject. The style work on the subject that remains from antiquity; so much so that, till the chemical improvements of the last hundred years, he had left hardly anything new to be said by the moderns, many of whom, says Freind, transcribed it almost word for word. This work was first published in a Latin translation by Ambrose Leo, which appeared in 1519, Venet., 4to, and has been several times reprinted; the Greek original has been published for the first tir..e in the second volume of Ideler's work quoted above. Two Latin editions of his collected works are said by Choulant (Handbuch der Bücherkunde für die Eltere Medicin, Leipzig, 1841) to have been published in the same year, 1556, one at Paris, and the other at Lyons, both in 8vo. His three works are also in serted in the Medica Artis Principes of H. Stephens Par., 1567, fol. (Freind's Hist. of Physic.--Spren gel, Hist. de la Med.-Haller, Biblioth. Medic. Pract -Barchusen, Hist. Medic.) ACULEO occurs as a surname of C. Furius, whe was quæstor of L. Scipio, and was condemned of peculatus. (Liv, 38, 5.5 ` Aculeo, however, seema not to have been a regular family-name of the Furia gens, but only a surname given to this person, of which a similar example occurs in the following article. is quoted by the scholiast to Hesiod, and an extrac from it is given by Aetius (tetrab. 1, serm 3, e 163); it is said to be still in existence ir manu script in the Royal Library at Paris. Several of his medical prescriptions are preserved by Oriba sius and Aëtius. C. ACULEO, a Roman knight, who married the sister of Helvia, the mother of Cicero. He was surpassed by no one in his day in his knowledge of ADIATORIX ('Adiarópiğ), son of a tetrah in Ga. the Roman law, and possessed great acuteness of latia, belonged to Antony's party, who killed all the mind, but was not distinguished for other attain-Romans in Heracleia shortly before the battle of ments. He was a friend of L. Licinius Crassus, Actium. After this battle he was led as prisoner in and was defended by him upon one occasion. The the triumph of Augustus, and put to death with his son of Aculeo was C. Visellius Varro; whence it younger son. His elder son, Dyteutus, was subse. would appear that Aculeo was only a surname given quently made priest of the celebrated goddess in to the father from his acuteness, and that his full Comana. (Strab., 12, p. 543, 558, 559.-Cic. aa name was C. Visellius Varro Aculeo. (Cic., De Or., Fam., 2, 12.) i, 43; 2, 1, 65; Brut., 76.) ACUMENUS ('AKOvμevós), a physician of Athens, who lived in the fifth century before Christ, and is mentioned as the friend and companion of Socrates. (Plat., Phædr., init.-Xen., Memor., 3, 13, § 2.) He was the father of Eryximachus, who was also a physician, and who is introduced as one of the speakers in Plato's Symposium. (Plat., Protag., p. 315, c.; Symp., p. 176, c.) He is also mentioned in the collection of letters first published by Leo Allatius, Paris, 1637, 4to, with the title Epist. SoFratis et Socraticorum, and again by Orellius, Lips., 1815, 8vo, ep. 14, p. 31. ADIMANTUS ('Adeiuavros), I. the son of Ocytus, the Corinthian commander in the invasion of Greece by Xerxes. Before the battle of Artemisium he threatened to sail away, but was bribed by Themis tocles to remain. He opposed Themistocles with great insolence in the council which the commanders held before the battle of Salamis. According to the Athenians, he took to flight at the very commencement of the battle, but this was denied by the Corinthians and the other Greeks. (Herodotus, 8, 5, 56, 61, 94-Plutarch, Themistocles, 11.)—II. The son of Leucolophides, an Athenian, was one of the commanders with Alcibiades in the expedition ADEUS OF ADDEus (’Adaïoç or ’Addałoç), a Greek against Andros, B.C. 407. (Xenophon, Hell, 1, 4, epigrammatic poet, a native, most probably, of Ma-21.) He was again appointed one of the Athe cedonia. The epithet Makedóvos is appended to nian generals after the battle of Arginusæ, B.Q. his name before the third epigram in the Vat. MS. 406, and continued in office till the battle of Egos(Anth. Gr., 6, 228); and the subjects of the second, potami, B.C. 405, where he was one of the comeighth, ninth, and tenth epigrams agree with this manders, and was taken prisoner. He was the account of his origin. He lived in the time of Alex- only one of the Athenian prisoners who was not ander the Great, to whose death he alludes. (Anth. put to death, because he had opposed the decree for Gr., 7, 240.) The fifth epigram (Anth. Gr., 7, 305) cutting off the right hands of the Lacedæmoniara is inscribed 'Addaíov Miruλnvaiov, and there was a who might be taken in the battle. He was accused Mitylenæan of this name, who wrote two prose by many of treachery in this battle, and was afterworks, Hepi 'Ayahμaroñоiv, and Пɛpì Acadéσɛws. ward impeached by Conon. (Xen., Hell., 1, 7, § 1 ; (Athe, 3, p. 606, A; 11, p. 471, F., The time 2, 1, 30-32.-Paus., 4, 17, § 2; 10, 9, § 5.- Dem., when lived cannot be fixed with certainty. | De fals. leg., p. 401.—Lys., c. Alc., p. 143, 21.) ArisReiske, though on insufficient grounds, believes these two to be the same person. (Anth. Græc., 6, 228, 258; 7, 51, 238, 240, 305; 10, 20.-Brunck, Anal., 2, p. 224.-Jacobs, 13, p. 831.) tophanes speaks of Adimantus in the "Frogs" (1513), which was acted in the year of the battle, as one whose death was wished for; and he also calls him, apparently out of jest, the son of Leucol ophus, that is, "White Crest." In the "Protagoras" of Plato, Adimantus is also spoken of as present on that occasion (p. 315, e).-III. The broth er of Plato, who is frequently mentioned by the lat ter. (Apol., Socr., p. 34, a; De Rep, 2, p. 367, e, p 548, d, e.) ADAMANTIUS ('Adaμúvτ105), an ancient physician, bearing the title of Iatrosophista (iarpikŵv hóywv Doplotis: Socrates, Hist. Eccles., 7, 13), for the meaning of which see Dict. of Ant., p. 528. Little is known of his personal history, except that he was by birth a Jew, and that he was one of those who fled from Alexandrea at the time of the expul- ADMETE ('Adunrn), I. a daughter of Eurystheus sion of the Jews from that city by the Patriarch St. and Antimache or Admete. Hercules was obliged Cyril, A. D. 415. He went to Constantinople, was by her father to fetch for her the girdle of Mars, persuaded to embrace Christianity, apparently by which was worn by Hippolyte, queen of the Am Atticus, the patriarch of that city, and then return-azons. (Apollodorus, 2, 5, § 9.) According to Tzet ed to Alexandrea. (Socrates, l. c.) He is the au-zes (ad Lycophron., 1327), she accompanied Herthor of a Greek treatise on physiognomy, valoyvo- cules on this expedition. There was a tradition Kovikά, in two books, which is still extant, and which is borrowed, in a great measure (as he himself confesscs, 1, Proam., p. 314, ed. Franz.), from Polemo's work on the same subject. It is dedicated to Constantius, who is supposed by Fabricius Biblioth. Græca, vol. 1, p. 171; 13, 34, ed. vct.) to be the person who married Placidia, the daughter of Theodosius the Great, and who reigned for seven months in conjunction with the Emperor Honorius. It was first published in Greek at Paris, 1540, 8vo, then in Greek and Latin at Basle, 1544, 8vo, and afterward in Greek, together with Elian, Polemo, and some other writers, at Rome, 1545, 4to; the ast and best edition is that by J. G. Franzius, who has inserted it in his collection of the Scriptores Physiognomia Veteres, Gr. et Lat., Altenb., 1780, ADRANTUS, ARDRANTUS or ADRASTUE, a contera 3vo Another o. his works. IIɛol 'Avéuwv, De Ventis,porary of Athenæus, who wrote a conime ta“ i (Athen., 15, p. 447), according to which Admete was originally a priestess of Juno at Argos, but fled with the image of the goddess to Samos. Pirates were engaged by the Argives to fetch the image back, but the enterprise did not succeed; for the ship, when laden with the image, could not be made to move. The men then took the image back to the coast of Samos and sailed away. When the Samians found it, they tied it to a tree, but Admete purified it and restored it to the temple of Samos. In commemoration of this event, the Samians ceiebrated an annual festival called Tonea. This story seems to be an invention of the Argives, by which they intended to prove that the worship of June is their place was older than in Samos. Ave Dooks upon the work of Theophrastus, entitled | celebrated in ancient story as the war on the Epig ADRANUS ('Adpavos), a Sicilian divinity who was worshipped in all the island, but especially at Adranus, a town near Mount Etna. (Plut., Timol., 12. -Diodor., 14, 37.) Hesychius (s. v. Пahikoí) represents the god as the father of the Palici. According to Elian (Hist. Anim., 11, 20), about 1000 saered dogs were kept near his temple. Some modern critics consider this divinity to be of Eastern origin, and connect the name Adranus with the Persian Adar (fire,) and regard him as the same as the Phoenician Adramelech, and as a personification of the sun, or of fire in general. (Bochart, Geograph. Sacra, p. 530.) ADRASTUS (Adpaσтoç), I. a son of Talaus, king of Argos, and of Lysimache. (Apollod., 1, 9, ◊ 13.) Pausanias (2, 6, § 3) calls his mother Lysianassa, and Hyginus (Fab, 69) Eurynome. (Comp. Schol. ad Eurip., Phan., 423.) During a feud between the most powerful houses in Argos, Talaus was slain by Amphiaraus, and Adrastus, being expelled from his dominions, fled to Polybus, then king of Sicyon. When Polybus died, without heirs, Adrastus succeeded him on the throne of Sicyon, and during his reign he is said to have instituted the Nemean games (Hom., Il., 2, 572.-Pind., Nem., 9, 30, &c. -Herod., 5, 67. — Paus., 2, 6, § 3.) Afterward, however, Adrastus became reconciled to Amphiaraus, gave him his sister Eriphyle in marriage, and returned to his kingdom of Argos. During the time he reigned there, it happened that Tydeus of Caly. don, and Polynices of Thebes, both fugitives from their native countries, met at Argos, near the palace of Adrastus, and came to words, and from words to blows. On hearing the noise, Adrastus hastened to them and separated the combatants, in whom he Immediately recognised the two men that had been promised to him by an oracle as the future husbands of two of his daughters; for one bore on his shield the figure of a boar, and the other that of a lion, and the oracle was, that one of his daughters was to marry a boar, and the other a lion. Adrastus, therete re, gave his daughter Deïpyle to Tydeus, and Argeia to Polynices, and at the same time promised to lead each of these princes back to his own country. Adrastus now prepared for war against Thebes, although Amphiaraus foretold that all who should engage in it should perish, with the exception of Adrastus. (Apollod., 3, 6, § 1, &c.-Hygin., Fab., 69, 70.) oni ('Exiуovo). Thebes was taken and razed to ADRIANUS ('Adpiavós), I. a Greek rhetorician, born at Tyre in Phoenicia, who flourished under the Emperors M. Antoninus and Commodus. He was the pupil of the celebrated Herodes Atticus, and obtained the chair of philosophy at Athens during the lifetime of his master. His advancement does not seem to have impaired their mutual regard: Hero des declared that the unfinished speeches of his scholar were the "fragments of a colossus," and Adrianus showed his gratitude by a funeral oration which he pronounced over the ashes of his master. Among a people who rivalled one another in their zeal to do him honour, Adrianus did not show much of the discretion of a philosopher. His first lecture commenced with the modest encomium on himself rádi ék Þoivikns ypúμpara, while, in the magnifi cence of his dress and equipage, he affected the style of the hierophant of philosophy. A story may be seen in Philostratus of his trial and acquittal for the murder of a begging sophist who had insulted him: Adrianus had retorted by styling such insults dnyμara KópƐwv, but his pupils were not content with weapons of ridicule. The visit of M. Antoninus to Athens made him acquainted with Adrianus, whom he invited to Rome and honoured with his friendship: the emperor even condescended to set the thesis of a declamation for him. After the death of Antoninus, he became the private secretary of Commodus. His death took place at Rome in the eightieth year of his age, not later than A.D. 192, Thus arose the celebrated war of the "Seven if it be true that Commodus (who was assassinated against Thebes," in which Adrastus was joined by at the end of this year) sent him a letter on his six other heroes, viz., Polynices, Tydeus, Amphia- deathbed, which he is represented as kissing with raus, Capaneus, Hippomedon, and Parthenopaus. devout earnestness in his last moments. (Philostr., Instead of Tydeus and Polynices, other legends Vit. Adrian.-Suidas, s. v. 'Adpiavóc.) Of the works mention Eteoclos and Mecisteus. This war ended attributed to him by Suidas, three declamations only as unfortunately as Amphiaraus had predicted, and are extant. These have been cited by Leo Allatius Adrastus alone was saved by the swiftness of his in the Excerpta Varia Græcorum Sophistarum ac horse Aleion, the gift of Hercules. (Hom., Il., 23, Rhetoricorum, Romæ, 1641, and by Walz in the 346, &c.-Paus., 8, 25, § 5.-Apollod., 3. 6.) Creon first volume of the Rhetores Græci, 1832.--II. A of Thebes refusing to allow the bodies of the six Greek poet, who wrote an epic poem on the hisheroes to be buried, Adrastus went to Athens and tory of Alexander the Great, which was called implored the assistance of the Athenians. Theseus 'Aλegavoping. Of this poem the seventh book is was persuaded to undertake an expedition against mentioned (Steph. Byz., s. v. Závɛia), but we pos Thebes he took the city, and delivered up the bod-sess only a fragment consisting of one line (Steph. es of the fallen heroes to their friends for burial. (Apellod., 3, 7, §1.—Paus., 9, 9, § 1.) Ten years after this, Adrastus persuaded the seven sons of the heroes who had fallen in the war against Thebes, to make a new attack upon that city, and Amphiaraus now declared that the gods approved of the undertaking, and promised success. (Paus, 3 9. § 2 — Apollod., 3, 7, §2.) This war is Byz., s. v. 'Aarpaía.) Suidas (s. v. 'Appiavós) mentions, among other poems of Arrianus, one called 'Ahegavopuús, and there can be no doubt that this is the work of Adrianus, which he by mistake attributes to his Arrianus. (Meineke, in the Abhandl. der Ber lin. Akademie, 1832, p. 124.) — III. Flourished, ac cording to Archbishop Usher, A.D. 433. There i extant of his, in Greek, Isagoge Sacrarum Latera he was represented bearing a sceptre and the keys of Hades. (Apollod., 3, 12, § 6.-Pind., Isthm, 8, 47, &c.) acus had sanctuaries both at Athens and in Ægina (Paus., 2, 29, § 6.—Hesych, s. v.— Schol. ad Pind., Nem., 13, 155), and the Eginetans regarded him as the tutelary deity of their island. (Pind., Nem., 8, 22.) EDESIA (Aideoia), a female philosopher of the new Platonic school lived in the fifth century after Christ, at Alexandrea. She was a relative of Syrianus and the wife of Hermeias, and was equally celebrated for her beauty and her virtues. After the death of her husband, she devoted herself to relieving the wants of the distressed and the education of her children. She accompanied the latter to Athens, where they went to study philosophy, and was received with great distinction by all the philosophers there, and especially by Proclus, to whom she had been betrothed by Syrianus when she was quite young. She lived to a considerable age, and her funeral oration was pronounced by Damascius, who was then a young man, in hexameter verses. The names of her sons were Ammonius and Heliodorus. (Suidas, s. v.— -Damascius, ap. Phot., cod. 242, p. 341, b, ed. Bekker.) rum, recommended by Photius (No. 2.) to beginners, for the shades of Europeans. In works of art edited by Dav. Hoeschel, 4to, Aug. Vindel., 1602, and among the Critici Sacri, fol., Lond., 1660. EACUS (Alakoç), a son of Jupiter and Ægina, a daughter of the river-god Asopus. He was born in the island of Enone or Enopia, whither Ægina had been carried by Jupiter to secure her from the anger of her parents, and whence this island was afterward called Egina. (Apollod., 3, 12, ý 6.Hygin., Fab., 52.-Paus., 2, 29, ◊ 2.-Comp. Nonn. Dionys., 6, 212.—Ovid, Met., 6, 113; 7, 472, &c.) According to some accounts, Æacus was a son of Jupiter and Europa. Some traditions related that, at he time when Eacus was born, Ægina was not vet inhabited, and that Jupiter changed the ants punkes) of the island into men (Myrmidones), over whom acus ruled, or that he made men grow up out of the earth. (Hes., Fragm., 67, ed. Göttling-Apollod., 3, 12, § 6.—Paus., l. c.) Ovid (Met., 7, 520.—Comp. Hygin., Fab., 52.-Strab., 8, p. 375), on the other hand, supposes that the island was not uninhabited at the time of the birth of Eacus, and states that, in the reign of Eacus, Juno, jealous of Ægina, ravaged the island bearing the name of the latter, by sending a plague or a tearful dragon into it, by which nearly all its inhabitants were carried off, and that Jupiter restored the EGA (Alyn), according to Hyginus (Poet. Astr., Population by changing the ants into men. These 2, 13), a daughter of Olenus, who was a descendant Legends, as Müller justly remarks (Eginetica), are of Hephæstus. Ega and her sister Helice nursed nothing but a mythical account of the colonization the infant Jupiter in Crete, and the former was afterof Ægina, which seems to have been originally in- ward changed by the god into the constellation callhabited by Pelasgians, and afterward received col-ed Capella. According to other traditions mentiononists from Phthiotis, the seat of the Myrmidones, ed by Hyginus, Ega was a daughter of Melisseus. and fron Phlius on the Asopus. Eacus, while he king of Crete, and was chosen to suckle the infant reigned in Ægina, was renowned in all Greece for Jupiter; but, as she was found unable to do it, the his justice and piety, and was frequently called upon service was performed by the goat Amalthea. Acto settle disputes, not only among men, but even cording to others, again, Æga was a daughter of Among the gods themselves. (Pind., Isth., 8, 48, &c. Helios, and of such dazzling brightness, that the ---Pausan., 1, 39, 5.) He was such a favourite Titans, in their attack on Olympus, became frightwith the latter, that, when Greece was visited by ened, and requested their mother Gæa to concea a drought, in consequence of a murder which had her in the earth. She was accordingly confined in been committed (Diod., 4, 60, 61.- Apollod, 3, 12, a cave in Crete, where she became the nurse of Ju6), the oracle of Delphi declared that the calam- piter. In the fight with the Titans, Jupiter was com ity would not cease unless acus prayed to the manded by an oracle to cover himself with her skin gods that it might; which he accordingly did, and (agis). He obeyed the command, and raised Æg. it ceased in consequence. Æacus himself showed among the stars. Similar, though somewhat differhis gratitude by erecting a temple to Zeus Panhel-ent accounts, were given by Euemerus and others lenius on Mount Panhellenion (Paus., 2, 30, § 4), and | (Eratosth., Catast., 13.-Antonin. Lib., 36.-Lacthe Æginetans afterward built a sanctuary in their | tant., Instit., 1, 22, § 19.) It is clear that in some of island called Æaceum, which was a square place enclosed by walls of white marble. Eacus was believed, in later times, to be buried under the altar in this sacred enclosure. (Paus., 2, 29, ◊ 6.) A legend preserved in Pindar (Ol., 8, 39, &c.) relates that Apollo and Neptune took Eacus as their assistant in building the walls of Troy. When the work was completed, three dragons rushed against the wall, and while the two of them which attacked those parts of the wall built by the gods fell down dead, the third forced its way into the city through the part built by Eacus. Hereupon Apollo prophesied that Troy would fall through the hands of the Eacids. Eatus was also believed by the Æginetans to have surrouned their island with high cliffs to protect it against pirates. (Paus., 2, 29, § 5.) Several other incidents connected with the story of Eacus are mentioned by Ovid (Metam., 7, 506, &c.; 9, 435, &c.). By Endeis Eacus had two sons, Telamon and Peleus, and by Psamathe a son, Phocus, whom he preferred to the two others, who contrived to kill Phocus during a contest, and then fled from their native island. (Vid. PELEUS, TELAMON.) After his death Eacus became one of the three judges m Hades (Ov., Met., 13, 25-Hor., Carm., 2, 13, 22), and, accor ling to Plato (Gorg., p. 523.—Compare Apolog., p 41.--Isocrat., Evag., 5), especially these stories Æga is regarded as a nymph, and in others as a goat, though the two ideas are not kept clearly distinct from each other. Her name is either connected with ai, which signifies goat, or with diş, a gale of wind; and this circumstance has led some critics to consider the myth about her as made up of two distinct ones, one being of an astronomical nature, and derived from the constellation Capella, the rise of which brings storms and tempests (Arat, Phan., 150), and the other referring to the goat which was believed to have suckled the infant Jupiter in Crete. (Com. Buttmann in Ideler's Ursprung und Bedeutung der Sternnamen, p. 309.---Bottiger Amalthea, 1, p. 16, &c.-Creuzer, Symbol., 4, p. 458, &c.) EGEON II. (Aiyaíwv), a son of Uranus by Gæa. Egæon, and his brothers Gyges and Cottus, are known under the name of the Uranids (Hes., Theog., 502, &c.), and are described as huge monsters, with a hundred arms (έKaróуXEɩpeç) and fifty heads. (Apsl lod., 1, 1, ý 1.-Hes., Theog., 149, &c.) Most wrters mention the third Uranid under the name of Briareus instead of Ægæon, which is explained in a passage of Homer (Il., 1, 403, &c.), who says that men called him Ægæon, but the gods Briareus. On one occasion, when the Olyn pian gods were about to put Jupiter in chains, Thetis called in the assistan 4, 484.-Comp. HESPERIDES.)--IV. A nyinph, daugh ter of Panopeus, who was beloved by Theseus, and for whom he forsook Ariadne. (Plut., Thes., 20.— Athen., 13, p. 557).-V One of the daughters of Es culapius (Plin., H. N., 35, 40, § 31) by Lampetía, the daughter of the Sun, according to Hermippus (ap schol. in Aristoph., Plut., 701), or by Epione, accord ing to Suidas (s. v. 'Hπión). She is said to have derived her name Ægle, “Brightness," or "Spler when in good health, or from the honour paid to the medical profession. (J. H. Meibom., Comment, in Hippocr., "Jusjur.,” Lugd. Bat., 1643, 4to, c. 6, § 7, p. 55.) EGLEIS (Alyλnis) a daughter of Hyacinthus who had emigrated from Lacedæmon to Athens. During the siege of Athens by Minos, in the reign of Æg. eus, she, together with her sisters Antheis, Lytæa, and Orthæa, were sacrificed on the tomb of Geræs tus the Cyclops, for the purpose of averting a pestilence then raging at Athens. (Apollod., 3, 15, § 8.) t Egæcn, who compelled the gods to desist from their intention. (Hom., I., 1, 398, &c.) According to Hesiod (Theog., 154, &c., 617, &c.), Ægæon and his brothers were hated by Uranus from the time of their birth, in consequence of which they were concealed in the depth of the earth, where they remained until the Titans began their war against Jupiter. On the advice of Gæa, Jupiter delivered the Uranids from their prison, that they might assist him. The hundred-armed giants conquered the Ti-dour," either from the beauty of the human body tans by hurling at them three hundred rocks at once, and secured the victory to Jupiter, who thrust the Titans into Tartarus, and placed the Hecatoncheires at its gates, or, according to others, in the depth of the ocean, to guard them. (Hes., Theog., 616, &c., 815, &c.) According to a legend in Pausanius (2, 1, § 6; 2, 4, § 7), Briareus was chosen as arbitrator in the dispute between Neptune and Helios, and adjudged the Isthmus to the former, and the Acrocorinthus to the latter. The scholiast on Apollonius Rhodius (1, 1165) represents Ægæon as a son of Gæa and Pontus, and as living as a marine god in the Egean Sea. Ovid (Met., 2, 10) and Philostratus (Vit. Apollon., 4, 6) likewise regard him as a marine god, while Virgil (Æn., 10, 565) reckons him among the giants who stormed Olympus, and Callimachus (Hymn. in Del, 141, &c.), regarding him in the same light, places him under Mount Etna. The scholiast on Theocritus (Idyll., 1, 65) calls Briareus one of the Cyclopes. The opinion which regards Ægæon and his brothers as only personifications of the extraordinary powers of nature, such as are manifested in the violent commotions of the earth, as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and the like, seems to explain best the various accounts about them. EGEUS II. (Aiyevs), the eponymic hero of the phyle called the Egeidæ at Sparta, was a son of Eolycus, and grandson of Theras, the founder of the colony in Thera. (Herod., 4, 149.) All the Ægeïds were beJeved to be Cadmeans, who formed a settlement at Sparta previous to the Dorian conquest. There is only this difference in the accounts, that, according some, Ægeus was the leader of the Cadmean colonists at Sparta, while, according to Herodotus, they received their name of Ægeïds from the later Egeus, the son of Eolycus. (Pind., Pyth., 5, 101; Isth., 7, 18, &c., with the schol.) There was at Sparta a heroum of Egeus. (Paus., 3, 15, § 6. Compare 4, 7, § 3.) EGIMUS OF EGIMIUS (Alyoç or Aiyiuoç), one of the most ancient of the Greek physicians, who is said by Galen (De Differ. Puls., 1, 2; 4, 2, 11; vol. 8, p. 498, 716, 752) to have been the first person who wrote a treatise on the pulse. He was a native of Velia in Lucania, and is supposed to have lived before the time of Hippocrates, that is, in the fifth century before Christ. His work was entitled Пepì llanov, De Palpitationibus (a name which alone sufficiently indicates its antiquity), and is not now in existence. Callimachus (ap. Athen., 14, p. 643, e) mentions an author named Egimius, who wrote a work on the art of making cheesecakes (πÅAKOVVTOTOLIKÒv ovyypaμμa), and Pliny mentions a person of the same name (H. N., 7, 49), who was Baid to have lived two hundred years; but whether these are the same or different individuals is quite uncertain. ELIANUS, III. Lucius, one of the thirty tyrants (A.D. 259-268) under the Roman Empire. He assumed the purple in Gaul after the death of Postumus, and was killed by his own soldiers, because he would not allow them to plunder Moguntiacum Trebellius Pollio and others call him, Lollianus; Eck hel (Doctr. Num., 7, p. 448) thinks that his true name was Lælianus; but there seems most authority in favour of L. Ælianus. (Eutrop., 9, 7.—Trebeil. Poll., Trig. Tyr, 4.- Aurel. Vict., De Cæs., 33; Epit. 32.)-IV. MECCIUS (Aiλavòç Mέkkιç), an ancient physician, who must have lived in the second century after Christ, as he is mentioned by Galen (De Theriaca ad Pamphil., init., vol. 14, p. 299) as the oldest of his tutors. His father is supposed to hars also been a physician, as lianus is said by Galen (De Dissect. Muscul., c. 1, p. 2, ed. Dretz) to have made an epitome of his father's anatomical writings. Galen speaks of that part of his work which treat. ed of the Dissection of the Muscles as being held in some repute in his time (ibid.), and he always mentions his tutor with respect. (Ibid, c. 7, 22, p. 11, 57.) During the prevalence of an epidemic in Italy, Ælianus is said by Galen (De Theriaca ad Pamphil., ibid.) to have used the Theriaca (Dict. of Ant., art. Theriaca) with great success, both as a means of cure, and also as a preservative against the disease He must have been a person of some celebrity, as this same anecdote is mentioned by the Arabic Listorian Abú 'l-Faraj (Histor. Compend. Dynast., p. 77) with exactly the same circumstances, except that he makes the epidemic to have broken out at Antioch instead of in Italy. None of his works (as far as the writer is aware) are now extant. ELIUS, VIII. PROMŌTUS (Aiλç Ipoμwroç), an ɛucient physician of Alexandrea, of whose personal Lis tory no particulars are known, and whose date is uncertain. He is supposed by Villoison Aneed. Græc., vol. 2, p. 179, note 1) to have lived after the time of Pompey the Great, that is, in the first century be fore Christ; by others he is considered to be muct. more ancient; and by Choulant (Handbuch der Bü cherkunde für die Eltere Medicin, ed. 2, Leipzig, 1840, 8vo), on the other hand, he is placed as late as the second half of the first century after Christ. He is most probably the same person who is quoted by Galen (De Compos. Medicam. secand. Locos, 4, ÆGLE (Alyλn), I. the most beautiful of the Nai- 7, vol. 12, p. 730) simply by the name of Ælius. ads, daughter of Jupiter and Neæra (Virg., Eclog., He wrote several Greek medical works, which are € 20), by whom Helios begot the Charites. (Paus., still to be found in manuscript in different libraries 6, 35, 6 1.)-II. A sister of Phaethon, and daughter of in Europe, but of which none (as far as the writer is Helios and Clymone. (Hygin., Fab., 154, 156.) In aware) have ever been published, though Kühn in her grief at the death of her brother she and her sis-tended his works to have been included in his colLers were changed into poplars-III. One of the lection of Greek medical writers. Some extracts Hesperi les. (Apolied., 2, 5, § 11.-Serr d En., from one of his works entitled vvaμɛpór, Medics |