The Science of Translation: Problems and Methods

according adequate analysis applied approach aspects attempt basis chapter clause communication comparative competence complex concept contrastive correspondence descriptive determined difficulties dimension discussion English equivalence error error analysis example existence explain expression fact factors field foreign language formal framework function German hand important individual interlingual interpretation language largely lation learning least less lexical limited lines linguistic literal translation literary LSP texts meaning method native nature norm objective operations original participle construction performance possible practical present principle probably problems procedures produce question reasons reference regarded relations relatively rendering represents result rules science of translation scientific semantic sentence situation speaking specific structure stylistic surface syntactic textual theoretical theory trans transfer translation procedures translation process translation theory understanding universities