Art. 155. Each working class shall be separately employed in a different work-shop, without any communication the one class with another, and shall be under the direction of an under-keeper, who shall permit no communication between the individuals composing it but that necessary for the business, and any breach of this rule shall be punished by close confinement for such time as the warden shall direct, and by a return to solitary labour.

Art. 156. At the dawn of day the convict shall be made to rise and to clear out his sleeping cell, which shall then be locked; he shall then, after washing, commence his labour, which shall continue, including the hour for exercise at the machine and the attendance on the teacher and the time of receiving the visits of the other officers, from the rising to half an hour before the setting of the sun every day except Sundays, excepting one hour for breakfast and one hour and a half for dinner, and the supper shall be given when the work of the day is finished. Art. 157. After sunset and before it is dark, all the convicts shall be locked up in their separate cells.

Art. 158. The convicts who are confined for life on a third conviction, for an offence which if it had been the first, would have been punishable by imprisonment for a term of years only, shall, in all respects, be treated like the prisoners confined for a term, except that the prison uniform shall be different, and shall designate by three different colours the number of their offences.

Art. 159. Those convicted of murder without any aggravating circumstances, and for rape, shall be strictly confined to their respective cells and adjoining courts; in which last they may be permitted to labour, except for two months consecutively in every year, commencing on the anniversary of their crime, during which period they shall only come into the court during the time necessary to cleanse the cell; and on the anniversary of the commission of their crime the convict shall have no allowance of food for twenty-four hours, during which fast he shall receive the visit of the chaplain, who shall endeavour by exhortation and prayer to bring him to repentance.

Art. 160. Murderers of all description and those convicted of rape, shall receive no visits except from the inspectors, the wardens, officers and attendants of the prison, and from those who are constituted visiters of the prison. They shall have no books, but selections from the Bible and such other books of religion and morality as the chaplain shall deem proper to produce repentance and fix their reliance on a future state. Their uniform and diet shall be such as is hereinafter directed.

Art. 161. Infanticides shall be treated in all respects like those guilty of unaggravated murder, except that the confinement without labour shall continue three months consecutively in each year.

Art. 162. Assassins shall be confined without labour for six months consecutively in every year, and treated in the manner above directed. Art. 163. Parricides shall not be indulged in the performance of labour at any time, but shall be closely confined in a cell, without a court, but

of such dimensions as shall be sufficient for their health, and in other respects shall be treated like other murderers.

Art. 164. When any two of the crimes punishable with imprisonment for life, such as rape and murder, are combined, or where murder under trust is perpetrated by assassination, or parricide by poison, the convict shall receive the same treatment as is directed for parricides, except that on the return in each month of the day on which the crime was committed, they be debarred from all allowance of food for twentyfour hours, and shall, during such fast, receive the visits and exhortation of the chaplain.

Art. 165. The fast shall not be suffered when the physician shall certify that it will be dangerous to the health of the convict.

Art. 166. Those convicts for life who have not learned to read, may be instructed by the teacher.

Art. 167. No murderers, in any degree, shall have any communication with other persons out of the prison than the inspectors and visiters; they are considered dead to the rest of the world.

Art. 168. The cells of murderers (in any degree) shall be painted black within and without, and on the outside thereof shall be inscribed, in large letters, the following sentence:

"In this cell is confined, to pass his life in solitude and sorrow, A. B. convicted of the murder of C. D. [by assassination, parricide, &c. describing the offence, if of an aggravated kind]; his food is bread of the coarsest kind; his drink is water, mingled with his tears: he is dead to the world; this cell is his grave; his existence is prolonged that he may remember his crime, and repent it, and that the continuance of his punishment may deter others from the indulgence of hatred, avarice, sensuality, and the passions which lead to the crime he has committed. When the Almighty, in his due time, shall exercise towards him that dispensation which he himself arrogantly and wickedly usurped towards another, his body is to be dissected, and his soul will abide that judgment which Divine Justice shall decree."

Art. 169. The same inscription, changing only the words "this cell” for the words "solitary cell in this prison," shall be made on the outside of the prison wall, in large white letters on a black ground. The inscriptions shall be removed on the death of the convicts to which they relate.

Art. 170. Inscriptions shall in like manner be made on the cells of those convicted of rape, and on the outer wall of the prison, to this effect: "In this cell" [or on the outer wall, "In a solitary cell in this prison,] forgotten, or remembered only to be detested and despised, lies A. B. condemned to solitude and abstinence during life, for a cowardly and brutal injury to a woman."

CHAPTER IV.

Of the clothing and diet of the convicts.

Art. 171. The uniform of the prison shall be a jacket and trousers of cloth or other warm stuff for the winter, and lighter materials for the summer. The form and colour shall be determined by the inspectors; but they shall be the same for all criminals condemned for a term, except those who have been convicted of a repetition of offences; these

shall have distinctive marks on their dress, showing the number of their convictions.

Art. 172. Each of the convicts shall have such number of coarse linen shirts and trousers of the same material in summer as will be sufficient to give them a change twice in every week; and all shall be provided with other articles of clothing sufficient to preserve health and cleanliness.

Art. 173. The convicts for murder shall be clothed in black outer garments, spotted and streaked with red. Those confined for life, for any other crime, shall wear such distinctive marks on their clothing as shall be directed by the inspectors, to designate their respective crimes. Art. 174. The prison allowance of food is one pound of brown wheaten bread and one pint of mush morning and evening cach day; the allowance of bread may be varied by giving three days in the week a pound and a half of Indian corn bread instead of wheaten. Water is the only liquor allowed in the prison ration.

Art. 175. Prisoners who labour and preserve the rules of the prison are allowed, in addition to the prison daily allowance, a gill of molasses, and for four days in the week two pounds of beef or pork without bone, daily, made into six messes, varied from salt to fresh, with vegetables, and for three other days soup.

Art. 176. Those whose labour and industry have entitled them to work in classes, shall also be indulged with a pint of small beer, or cider diluted with water, or a mixture of vinegar and water sweetened with molasses once every day.

Art. 177. No prisoner, while confined to his cell without labour, is to receive any thing but the prison allowance.

Art. 178. No tobacco in any form shall be used by the convicts; and any one who shall supply them with it, or with wine, or spirituous or intoxicating fermented liquor, shall be fined two hundred dollars, and if an officer, be dismissed.

Art. 179. Any convict whose labour shall exceed the expense of his support, according to the account herein directed to be kept, shall have the privilege of directing one-tenth part thereof to be expended in the purchase of books, to be approved by the inspectors, or such articles, excepting food or liquors, as he may desire, and as may not be inconsistent with the prison rules.

Art. 180. Any convict, other than those convicted of murder or rape, who has been steadily employed for eighteen months, and is guilty of no infraction of the prison discipline, may, once in every six months, receive the visit of any friend or relation, of the same sex, for not more than fifteen minutes, in the presence of a keeper, on a written permission signed by two inspectors.

Art. 181. No person, who is not an official visiter of the prisons, or who has not a written permission from one of them; or from one of the inspectors, is allowed to visit the same. The official visiters are, the governor, president of the senate, members of the general assembly, the secretary of state, the attorney general, the judges of all the courts in the state, the mayor, recorder, and members of the city council of the city of New Orleans, the directors of all the charitable incorporated societies in the city of New Orleans.

Art. 182. None but the official visiters can have any verbal or written communication with the convicts, nor shall any visiter whatever be permitted to deliver or receive from any of the convicts any letter or

message whatever, or to supply them with any article of any kind, under the penalty of two hundred dollars fine.

Art. 183. It is the duty of any visiter, who shall discover any abuse, infraction of law, or oppression, immediately to make the same known to the board of inspectors, or to the governor if the inspectors or either of them are implicated.

Art. 184. No male visiter shall visit the female convicts but in the presence of the matron.

CHAPTER V.

Of the treatment of the female convicts.

Art. 185. The female convicts shall, as well as the male, each be lodged in separate cells.

Art. 186. Such of those confined for a term of years as are capable, by their habits or strength, shall be selected by the matron to perform the domestic services of the female division and for the washing of the clothes for the men's department. Those who are so employed shall, during the day, be kept under the inspection of the matron or her assistants, and not suffered to have any conversation but relative to the business in which they are engaged.

Art. 187. The others, not so selected, shall be employed in needlework, spinning, or other suitable occupations. They shall, on receiving the necessary certificate of order and industry from the matron and chaplain, be entitled to the same advantages of education and social labour that are directed for the male convicts. The classes for education and for labour may consist of such number as the matron, with the approbation of the warden or inspectors, shall desire.

Art. 188. The regulations with respect to diet are applicable to the female department, except that the matron may allow to the industrious and orderly, tea for their breakfast, if they prefer it to mush.

Art. 189. The dress for the female convicts shall be regulated by the matron, with the approbation of the inspectors.

Art. 190. Female convicts for life shall be treated in the same manner as the males, but under the direction of the matron.

TITLE III.

OF THE SCHOOL OF REFORM.

CHAPTER I.

Of the persons to be admitted into the school of reform.

Art. 191. All persons under the age of eighteen sentenced to imprisonment and labour (unless for life), and all vagrants under that age and above six years, shall be sent to the School of Reform.

Art. 192. All minors above six and under eighteen years of age, who have no visible means of honest subsistence and are not supported by any friend or relation; all common beggars within the said age of eighteen; all females under seventeen years of age, who live by prostitution in a DISORDERLY HOUSE, shall be considered as vagrants under the last article, and may, by order of the mayor of New Orleans, or the parish judge and two other magistrates, be committed to the School of Reform.

Art. 193. All minors above nine and under the age of fifteen, who shall commit an offence of which they shall be acquitted on account of the want of sufficent discretion to know the nature of the offence, may, at the discretion of the court, be committed to the School of Reform.

Art. 194. In like manner a minor, who being accused of a crime and shall be acquitted by showing that at the time of the commission thereof he was under the age of nine years, may, at the discretion of the court, be sent to the School of Reform.

Art. 195. In cases of misdemeanor, committed by a minor under eighteen years of age, and punishable by simple imprisonment in close custody, the court may also, at their discretion, send the defendant to the School of Reform.

Art. 196. In exercising the discretion given by the three last preceding articles, the court must consider that the object of the School of Reform is not only to punish by restraint, but to separate the juvenile offender from the association of vice, to afford him the means of education, religious and moral instruction, and instruction in some mechanic art, so as to make him a useful member of society; and that where, from the circumstances of the case, these objects will probably be attained without committing the defendant to the School of Reform, that this public institution ought not to be so burthened.

CHAPTER II.

Of the mode of reception.

Art. 197. Every one committed to the School of Reform shall be thoroughly cleansed, and clothed in the uniform of the house, which shall be comfortable and adapted to the season.

Art. 198. The name, age, sex, place of nativity of the person committed, names and place of abode and occupation of his parents, the cause of commitment, and the authority by which it was made, shall be entered in a book specially provided for that purpose by the warden.

Art. 199. The chaplain, or teacher, and the matron (if the person committed be a female), or the warden (if a male), shall interrogate the party as to the course of life he has pursued, and shall make an abstract of his answers in the book above mentioned; but no other means shall be used, but those of persuasion, to obtain the truth on such interrogatory.

Art. 200. After some time given to solitary reflection, proportioned to the age and degree of depravity of the offender, which shall not exceed, in any case, twelve hours, the advantages of industry, obedience and attention to instruction, and the certainty of punishment for a con