between place-hunters and place-holders. The notion, however plausible, must not be altogether adopted, or we shall begin merely to despise a past age for tempers and habits which may not be worse than our own. The examples of such statesmen as Chatham, the patron of Hans Stanley, and Edmund Burke, are proofs that the disparaging language which some writers use in reference to this period, though apparently justified, does not express the whole truth. There were convictions, real and deep convictions, beneath the hollow surface. In the absence of any information to the contrary we may fairly assume that Hans Stanley, the trusted agent of the elder Pitt, who turned away with scorn from the corruption which was too often the engine of politics, was himself as diplomatist, courtier, and politician an honest, upright man, who endeavoured to do his duty both to his sovereign and his country.

September 21, 1889.

III.

Through the kindness of the Rev. George Sloane-Stanley of Roche Court, Fareham, Hampshire, son of the late Mr. William Sloane-Stanley of Paultons, who in 1806 married Lady Gertrude Howard, daughter of Frederick, sixth Earl of Carlisle, I am enabled to state how it was the Sloanes of South Stoneham, co. Hants, took the name of Stanley and inherited Paultons and the Isle of Wight property. The Right Hon. Hans Stanley, Governor of the Isle of Wight, died unmarried, and his property went to his two sisters, Lady Mendip, who lived for some time at Paultons, and Mrs. Doyley. On Lady Mendip's death Paultons came to Mrs. Doyley, who, being an old lady ninety years of age or more and childless, made over the property to Hans Sloane, Esq., who was M.P. for Newport, I. W., in the Parliaments of 1768 and 1774, and after the death of Hans Stanley, in 1780, was elected M.P. for Southampton, but not re-elected in the Parliament of 1784. On the death of Mrs. Doyley this Mr. Hans Sloane, who was also colonel of the Hampshire Militia, became de facto and de jure

possessor of Paultons and the Isle of Wight property, and took the name of Stanley in addition to his own former name.

His son, Mr. William Sloane-Stanley, who married into the family of the Earl of Carlisle, died April 6, 1860, his widow, Lady Gertrude, surviving him till March 20, 1870. He was for a short time an officer in the 10th Hussars, and was at one time member for Oxford, and subsequently for Stockbridge, just before that borough was disfranchised by the first Reform Bill.

Elizabeth Stanley, daughter of George Stanley of Paultons by his marriage with Sarah, daughter and co-heir of Sir Hans Sloane, M.D., who died at the age of eighteen, and whose name is commemorated by the poet Thomson, in The Seasons, and in the epitaph in Holyrood Church, Southampton, was the sister of the Governor of the Isle of Wight, Lady Mendip, and Mrs. Doyley. A manuscript life of this young lady, written by her mother, is still in the possession of the family.

PS. In a former letter it was stated, on the authority of Faulkner's History of Chelsea, that the valuable manor of Chelsea in Middlesex became vested in the Cadogan family by the marriage of Elizabeth, daughter and co-heir of Sir Hans Sloane, M.D., with the second Baron Cadogan. This statement should be so far corrected that though the most valuable portion of Sir Hans Sloane's estate, nearest to Belgrave Square, Sloane Street, &c., is the property of Lord Cadogan, the other half of the manor, near Old Chelsea Church, came to, and is still in the possession of, the SloaneStanley family.

September 28, 1889.

INOCULATION IN THE ISLE OF WIGHT,

A.D. 1767.

My friend and parishioner, Miss Gibbs of Bowcombe, has in her possession a copy of the Salisbury Journal, Monday, June 22, 1767, from which that gentlewoman has with her usual kindness permitted me to offer in these pages the following extracts, which I thought would be of interest to many of my readers, especially those belonging to the medical profession, and others who pay attention to sanitary

matters.

Although the practice of inoculation for the small-pox had been introduced into this country for more than forty years before the publication of this old county paper, it was but slowly adopted among us, as these extracts go to show. The first is an advertisement which will be given word for word:

'ISLE OF WIGHT (INOCULATION).-L. Williams, many years Surgeon to His Majesty's Military Hospitals abroad, inoculates after his peculiar (short) method, viz. without any preparation beforehand, and without impairing the constitution in any respect.

'We, the underwritten, on the fullest examination, and after maturest consideration, do approve of Mr. Williams' method, and have therefore agreed to act in conjunction with him.-Richard Cowlam, James Jolliffe, Edward Ovrill Cowlam, Surgeons.-Newport, June 4, 1767.'

I am glad to note that both the medical men of Newport and the authorities seem to have been in advance of their neighbours over the water at Southampton, for in another column appears this advertisement :

'SOUTHAMPTON.-This is to acquaint the public that the advertisement of Dr. Smith's having taken a house in Southampton to inoculate is entirely false, as the Mayor and Justices are determined to prosecute any person that shall take a house for that purpose within the liberties of the town, it being entirely clear of that distemper.'

This latter advertisement was evidently occasioned by a notification of a certain Joseph Sutton, who certifies that he has fully instructed Dr. Smith of Horsham, in Sussex, in his secret method of inoculating the small-pox. The same Dr. Smith seems to have had a roving commission to take 'houses in different parts of the county of Southampton, and neighbourhood of Salisbury, for the reception of patients.'

A footnote to this circular is worthy of being mentioned as showing the scale of remuneration.

'N.B. The prices agreeable to the patients' circumstances. Common servants (if not less than ten in number), if they provide themselves a house and necessaries within ten or twelve miles of Winchester, may be inoculated at two guineas each. Parish poor in small numbers very reasonable, if greater, much more so.'

The fee for inoculation appears large, but another extract from this Salisbury Journal proves the gratitude of patients. 'They write,' a correspondent says from Charles Town, South Carolina, 'that upwards of 900 Creek and Cherokee Indians had lately been inoculated for the small-pox in their own country by a physician of that place, and that in return they had presented him with such quantities of furs, beavers, and deer skins as in Europe would have amounted to some thousands of pounds.'

Even this favoured island was not free from that loathsome disease the small-pox. In the old Carisbrooke Burial Registers there are frequent entries, proving the ravages which it made; for instance, in the year 1755 out of thirteen deaths seven are assigned to small-pox.

These extracts, and the fact that in one year in the parish of Carisbrooke more than half the burials were attributed to small-pox, have a bearing upon the popular outcry against vaccination.

December 13, 1884.

SANDOWN AND JOHN WILKES.

ONE of the charms of the Isle of Wight consists in the circumstance that within its contracted compass are found towns and villages both old and new. In the very heart of the Island is the historic village of Carisbrooke, the former capital of the Island, with its written annals going so far back as the Venerable Bede and the Saxon Chronicle, where its name is mentioned A.D. 530, and with its unwritten evidence of the more ancient occupation of the Romans stamped upon its still existing well-preserved 'villa.' At the back of the Island is the new, bright, cheerful wateringplace of Sandown. Rarely have we the opportunity of seeing the birth of a town; a town may extend in length, or breadth, or it may become the recipient of new municipal or electoral privileges, but there are few cases where we can assert that people still living saw the town start into being. Such is the case of Sandown. Canon Venables, in his Guide, p. 161, has observed, If the tourist examines the "Ordnance Map" (dated 1810) he will observe no such place as Sandown marked upon it. "Sandham Fort," "Sandham Cottage" (Wilkes's Villakin), and the barracks, are the only buildings indicated, while the site of the present town appears under the designation of "Royal Heath," then a common, as rough and uncultivated as "Pan Common" is now, overgrown with gorse, and feeding a few sheep on its scanty herbage.' Even so lately as the date of Mr. James Thorne's publication (The Land we Live in, vol. ii. p. 264) Sandown is described as a little village, in which a neat church has been recently erected.' 'A few fishermen's huts,' adds Thorne, and humble cottages are dropped here and there along the cliffs, and two or three boats may generally be seen hauled on the beach. In the early morning, when the cliffs lie in deep shadow, or about sunset, when their sombre tints deepen into a richer hue, while two or three shrimpers are plying their craft, or a way-farer is wending along the sands to or from his day's labour, the scene has a quiet beauty that reminds one of the charming pictures which Collins used to paint so delightfully; not a few indeed of his paintings