Both the spring cone and the leather cone will, by their free action, accommodate any irregular movement of the box, and prevent loose wear between both them, the metal plate, and leather. In all cases where any material comes in contact with the revolving axle, it is essential that the surface be properly smoothed, that the pressure be as light as may be convenient, and the lubrication certain.

In addition to the axle-box arrangement, a mode was described of applying moveable journals to axle-arms, either new or old. The journal is forged down to a taper, with the object of extending the distance of the bearing from the wheel, or of increasing the diameter of the axle-bearing; and the moveable bearing being of wrought-iron, or cast-iron well got up and case-hardened, manufacturers may supply a superior class of axle-box and bearing cheaply. Railway companies might thus be enabled, at comparatively little cost, to replace their axles when rendered unsafe by long vibration in running.

Great numbers of these boxes, with leather collars, were said to have been applied, and with good results.

The mode of lubrication from above the bearing had an objection, in the liability to accident by dirt getting on the arm, and from the holes wasting a most important part of the bearing surface; but the writer thought it preferable to retain it; keeping the holes small, but merely as a security in case of any accident happening to the lower reservoir.

Two forms of journal were shewn to the meeting,—one the double cone, the other the ordinary cylindrical journal with collars. There is an advantage in the double cone with the small diameter in the centre of the bearing, in that it has a tendency to cause the lubricating fluid to pass outwards from the centre while in rapid motion. The cylindrical bearing between collars has this disadvantage, that the box is not kept in its position by gravity, but by a very small collar surface, which being vertical does not retain the lubricating fluid so easily as the horizontal surface; and, moreover, by its larger diameter has a tendency to throw it off by centrifugal action. The cylindrical bearing has, however, the advantage, that the bearing surface is not lessened by end play; and with the axle working in a bath of lubricating material, the collars will at all times be safe enough. In either case, of the cone or the cylinder, it is clear that the lubricating bath below will be the safest precaution against heating. As regards the strength of the axle, the coned journal has the advantage, by its gradual tapering form,-supposing an equal amount of metal in both cases.

LIST OF GRANTS OF PROVISIONAL PROTECTION. [Cases in which a full Specification has been deposited.] 1287. William Haslett Mitchel, of Brooklyn, New York, United States of America, for improvements in means for distributing and composing types.-[Dated May 25th.]

1347. Admiral the Earl of Dundonald, of Belgrave-road, for improvements in apparatus for laying pipes in the earth, and in the juncture of such pipes.-Dated June 1st.]

1376. John James Kerr, of Gloucester-grove West, Old Brompton, for improvements in the manufacture of cartridges.-Dated June 4th.]

1400. Thomas Davis, of West Bromwich, Boaz Bloomer, of Dudley, and Boaz Bloomer, jun., of Pelsall, for improvements in the manufacture and piling of iron to be used in the production of railway chairs.-Dated June 7th.]

1408. Antoine Ponçon, of Marseilles, for certain improvements in obtaining motive power.-[Dated 9th June.]

[Cases in which a Provisional Specification has been deposited.] 905. Thomas Haigh, of Skircoat, Yorkshire, for an invention for the cleansing of pans and other culinary utensils.—[Dated April 14th.]

940. William Hale, of Swan-walk, Chelsea, for new kinds of fire-arms. [Dated April 19th.]

943. Frederick Henry Smith, of Southwark, for improvements in apparatus for cleansing the interior of tubular boilers and other hollow articles.-[Dated April 19th.]

959. Thomas Dunn, of Windsor Bridge Iron Works, Pendleton, near Manchester, for certain improvements in and applicable to boilers or apparatus for generating steam, and in apparatus connected therewith.-[Dated April 21st.]

981. Henry Houldsworth, of Manchester, for improvements in machinery used for combing cotton, silk, silk waste, flax, tow, wool, and other fibrous substances.-[Dated April 23rd.] 1011. James Dinning, of Southampton, for certain improvements in wash-stands and baths; part of which improvements are also applicable to table fountains.-[Dated April 27th.] 1029. John Hetherington, of Manchester, for certain improvements in machinery for combing cotton, wool, silk waste, flax, tow, and other fibrous substances.-[Dated April 28th.] 1056. James Greenwood, of New Accrington, for an improvement in fixing mordants on fabrics.-[Dated May 2nd.] 1086. Cornelius Alfred Jaquin, of Monkwell-street, London, for improvements in the manufacture of covered buttons made by dies and pressure.-[Dated May 4th.]

1113. Thomas Murray, of Marygold, Berwick, Scotland, for a

new machine or implement for hoeing, cutting, and otherwise operating upon turnips or other agricultural produce. 1121. Christopher Nickels, of York-road, Lambeth, for improvements in machinery for masticating, kneading, or grinding India-rubber, gutta-percha, and other matters,

1122. William Longmaid and John Longmaid, of Beaumontsquare, for improvements in treating waste products obtained in smelting and otherwise treating ores and minerals, and in producing a valuable product or products therefrom.

The above bear date May 6th.

1134. Edward Blackett Beaumont, of Wood Hall, Barnsley, Yorkshire, for certain improvements in the mode of constructing dwelling-houses or other buildings, and in peculiar shaped bricks and tiles to be used for the purpose.-[Dated May 9th.] 1155. Jacob Brett, of Hanover-square, for improvements in electric telegraph apparatus,-being partly a communication. 1157. Samuel Cunliffe Lister, of Manuingham, Yorkshire, for improvements in treating and preparing, before being spun, wool, cotton, and other fibrous materials.

1159. Henry Potter Burt, of Charlotte-row, London, for improvements in portable houses.

1161. John Mottram, of Liverpool, for improvements in machinery for washing ores, and separating metals from earth or other compounds.

1163. John Bottomley, of Bradford, Yorkshire, for improvements in the manufacture of textile fabrics.

1165. Alfred Bird, of Worcester-street, Birmingham, for improvements in the means of communicating between guards or persons and the engine-driver of a railway train.

1167. Edmund Whitaker, of Rochdale, and James Walmsley the younger, of Smithy Bridge, near Rochdale, for improvements in the manufacture of pipes, tiles, bricks, and slabs, from clay. 1169. George Bell, of Powell-street, Goswell-street, for improvements in obtaining liquid cement and pigments or paints. 1170. Abraham Matthews, of Denby-street, Pimlico, for improvements in disengaging boats from ships or other vessels. 1171. William Bull, of Battersea, for improvements in direct acting steam-engines with fixed cylinders.

The above bear date May 11th.

1173. James Parkes, of Birmingham, for a new or improved stop-cock for regulating the flow of gases.

1175. Joseph Denton, of Prestwich, for improvements in machinery or apparatus for manufacturing looped terry or other similar fabrics.

1177. Julian Bernard, of Guildford-street, Russell-square, and Edward Taylor Bellhouse, of the Eagle Foundry, Manchester, for improvements in pressing and in extracting fluids.

The above bear date May 12th.

1178. Charles Pooley, of Manchester, for an improved mode of feeding machines for opening, cleaning, blowing, and scutching cotton and other fibrous substances.

1179. Joseph Stayner Eidmans, of Lacey-terrace, Kenningtonroad, for certain improvements in umbrellas and parasols. 1180. John Arrowsmith, of Bilston, for a new or improved turntable.

1181. George Bertram, of Edinburgh, for improvements in the manufacture of paper.

1182. George Stiff, of Minerva Cottage, Brixton-hill, for an improved construction of printing machine.

1183. William Thomas, of Cheapside, for improvements in weaving narrow fabrics for binding.

1184. Charles Tetley, of Skinner-street, for improvements in rotary engines.

1185. Robert Smith Bartleet, of Redditch, for improvements in sewing machines.

1186. Richard Archibald Brooman, of London, for improvements in the manufacture of hats,-being a communication.

1187. Edward Taylor Bellhouse, of the Eagle Foundry, Manchester, for improvements in steam-boilers.

1188. John Knowles, of Manchester, and Edward Taylor Bellhouse, of the same place, for certain improvements in the manufacture of articles of marble.

The above bear date May 13th.

1189. Richard Eades, of Birmingham, for a new or improved metallic wheel.

1190. George Fitz James Russell, of Duke-street, Adelphi, for an apparatus for disengaging, lowering, and raising ships' boats. 1191. George Coppock, of Heaton Norris, for certain improvements in looms for weaving.

1192. John Browne, of Upper Charlotte-street, for improvements in the construction of chimnies or flues, and in apparatus for increasing draft, consuming smoke, or utilizing the

same.

1193. James Higgin, of Manchester, for improvements in printing or dyeing woven or textile fabrics, and in the manufacturing of certain substances to be used in the arts or processes of dyeing and printing.

1194. Thomas Stephen Holt, of Manchester, for improvements in steam-engines, which improvements are also applicable to the machinery or apparatus connected to steam-boilers. 1195. Moses Poole, of Avenue-road, Regent's-park, for a new or improved machine for pegging boots or shoes,-being a communication.

1196. Herman Dirs Mertens, of Margate, for improvements in preparing materials to be employed in making beer and other beverages,-being a communication.

1197. William John Warner, of King-street, Soho, for improvements in dry gas-meters.

1198. Francis Montgomery Jennings, of Cork, for improvements in treating wool, silk, feathers, and other animal matters, for softening and otherwise improving the quality of the same. 1199. John O'Keefe, of Queen Ann-street, Liverpool, for improvements in the manufacture of watch-cases.

1200. Stephen Garrett, of Taunton-place, Bermondsey, for improvements in the preparing and tanning of skins, hides, or pelts of animals.

1201. Peter Armand Le Comte de Fontainemoreau, of Southstreet, for certain improvements in steam-engines,—being a communication.

1202. Peter Armand Le Comte de Fontainemoreau, of Southstreet, for certain improvements in steam-boilers,-being a communication.

1203. John Drumgoole Brady, of Cambridge-terrace, for improvements in knapsacks.

1204. Robert Walter Swinburne, of South Shields, for improvements in apparatus or machinery to be used in the manufacture of glass.

1205. Eugène Rolt, of St. John's Wood, for certain improvements in piano-fortes.

The above bear date May 14th.

1206. Jean Jacques Joseph Jamin, of Gerrard-street, and Alexander Symons, of the Strand, for certain improvements in the manufacture of boots and shoes.

1207. Jean Emile Barse, of Paris, for improvements in the manufacture of grease or composition for lubricating the axles and moving parts of machinery.

1208. Thomas Richardson, of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, for improvements in the manufacture of certain compounds containing phosphoric acid.

1209. Robert Boyd, of Paisley, for improvements in weaving. 1210. William Littell Tizard, of Aldgate High-street, for improvements in dredging-machines.

1211. Moreton Hassall Phillips, of Shrewsbury, for an improved

gun.

1212. George Jones, of Birmingham, for improvements in ventilating mines.

The above bear date May 16th.

1214. Charles James Pownall, of Addison-road, for improvements in the preparation and treatment of flax and other similar vegetable fibres.

1215. John Lee Stevens, of King William-street, City, for imments in grates and stoves.

1216. Joseph Webb, of Mayfield-terrace, Dalston, for improvements in rotary engines.

VOL. XLIII.

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