of the orders of the Elephant of Denmark, of William of the Low Countries, of the Annunciade of Sardinia, of Maximilian Joseph of Bavaria, and of several others, and commander of the forces of his Britannic majesty in France, and of the army of his majesty the king of the Low Countries; and his majesty the king of France and of Navarre, the sieur Armand Emanuel du Plessis Richelieu, duke of Richelieu, knight of the royal and military order of St. Louis, and of the orders of St. Alexander Newsky, St. Wladomir, and St. George of Russia, peer of France, first gentleman of the chamber of his most Christian majesty, his minister and secretary of state for foreign affairs, and president of the council of his ministers; who, having exchanged their full powers, found to be in good and due form, have signed the following articles:

Art. 1. The frontiers of France shall be the same as they were in the year 1790, save and except the modifications on one side and on the other, which are detailed in the present article. First, on the northern frontiers, the line of demarcation shall remain as it was fixed by the treaty of Paris, as far as opposite to Quiverain, from thence it shall follow the antient limits of the Belgian provinces, of the late bishopric of Liege, and of the duchy of Chuillon, as they existed in the year 1790, leaving the territories included (enclavés) within that line of Philippeville and Marienbourg, with the fortresses so called, together with the whole of the duchy of Bouillon, without the frontiers of France.-From Villers near Orval, upon the confines of the department Des Ardennes, and of the grand duchy of Luxembourg as far as Perle, upon the great road leading from Thionville to Treves, the line shall remain as it was laid down by the treaty of Paris. From Perle it shall pass by Lauensdorff, Walwich, Schardorff, Neiderveiling, Pelweiler (all these places with their banlieues or dependencies remaining to France) to Houvre and shall follow from thence the old limits of the district (Pays) of Sarrebruck, leaving Sarrelouis, and the course of the Sarre, together with the places situated to the right of the

line above described, and their banlieues or dependencies without the limits of France. From the limits of the district of Sarrebruck the line of demarcation shall be the same which at present separates from Germany the departments of the Moselle and of the Lower Rhine, as far as to the Lauter, which river shall from thence serve as the frontier, until it falls into the Rhine. the territory on the left bank of the Lauter, including the fortress of Landau, shall form part of Germany.

All

The town of Weissenbourg, however, through which that river runs, shall remain entirely to France, with a rayon on the left bank, not exceeding a thousand toises, and which shall be more particularly determined by the commissioners who shall be charged with the approaching designation of the boundaries. Secondly, leaving the mouth of the Lauter and continuing along the departments of the Lower Rhine, the Upper Rhine, the Doubs and the Jura to the Canton de Vaud, the frontiers shall remain as fixed by the treaty of Paris. The Thalweg of the Rhine shall form the boundary between France and the states of Germany, but the property of the islands shall remain in perpetuity, as it shall be fixed by a new survey of the course of that river, and continue unchanged whatever variation that course may undergo in the lapse of time. Commissioners shall be named on both sides, by the high contracting parties, within the space of three months, to proceed upon the said survey. One half of the bridge between Strasburg and Kehl shall belong to France, and the other half to the grand duchy of Baden. Thirdly, in order to establish a direct communication between the canton of Geneva and Switzerland, that part of the Pays de Gex, bounded on the east by the lake Leman; on the south, by the territory of the canton of Geneva; on the north, by that of the canton de Vaud; on the west, by the course of the Versoix, and by a line which comprehends the communes of Collex Bossy, and Meyrin, leaving the commune of Ferney to France, shall be ceded to the Helvetic, confederacy, in order to be united to the canton of Geneva. The line of the French custom-houses shall

be placed to the west of the Jura, so that the whole of the Pays de Gex shall be without that line. Fourthly, from the frontiers of the Canton of Geneva, as far as the Mediterranean, the line of demarkation shall be that which in the year 1790, separated France from Savoy, and from the county of Nice. The relations which the treaty of Paris of 1814 had re-established between France and the principality of Monaco, shall cease for ever, and the same relations shall exist between that principality and his majesty the king of Sardinia. Fifthly, all the territories and districts included (enclaves) within the boundary of the French territory, as determined by the present article, shall remain united to France. Sixthly, the high contracting parties shall name within three months after the signature of the present treaty, commissioners to regulate every thing relating to the designation of the boundaries of the respective countries, and as soon as the labours of the commissioners shall have terminated, maps shall be drawn, and landmarks shall be erected, which shall point out the respective limits.

2. The fortresses, places and districts, which, according to the preceding article are no longer to form part of the French territory, shall be placed at the disposal of the allied powers, at the periods fixed by the 9th article of the military convention annexed to the present treaty; and his majesty the king of France renounces for himself, his heirs and successors for ever, the rights of sovereignty and property, which he has hitherto exercised over the said fortresses, places, and districts.

3. The fortifications of Huninguen having been constantly an object of uneasiness to the town of Bale, the high contracting parties, in order to give to the Helvetic confederacy a new proof of their good will and of their solicitude for its welfare, have agreed among themselves to demolish the fortifications of Huninguen, and the French government engages from the same motive not to re-establish them at any time, and not to replace them by other fortifications, at a distance of less than that of three leagues from the town of

Bale. The neutrality of Switzerland shall be extended to the territory situated to the north of a line to be drawn from Ugine, that town being included to the south of the lake of Annecy, by Faverge, as far as Lecheraine, and from thence, by the lake of Bourget, as far as the Rhone, in like manner as it was extended to the provinces of Chablais and of Faucigny, by the 92nd article of the final act of the congress of Vienna.

4. The pecuniary part of the indemnity to be furnished by France to the allied powers, is fixed at the sum of 700 millions of francs. The mode, the periods, and the guarantees for the payment of this sum, shall be regulated by a special convention, which shall have the same force and effect as if it were inserted, word for word, in the present treaty.

5. The state of uneasiness and of fermentation, which after so many violent convulsions, and particularly after the last catastrophe, France must still experience, notwithstanding the the paternal intentions of her king, and the advantages secured to every class of his subjects by the constitutional charter, requiring, for the security of the neighbouring states, certain measures of precaution, and of temporary guarantee, it has been judged indispensable to occupy, during a fixed time, by a corps of allied troops, certain military positions along the frontiers of France, under the express reserve that such occupation shall in no way prejudice the sovereignty of his most Christian majesty, nor the state of possession, such as it is recognized and confirmed by the present treaty. number of these troops shall not exceed 150,000 men. The coinmander-in-chief of this army shall be nominated by the allied powers. This army shall occupy the fortresses of Condé, Valenciennes, Bouchain, Cambray, Le Quesnoy, Maubenge, Landrecies, Avesnes, Rocroy, Givet, with Charlemont, Mezieres, Sedan, Montmedy, Thionville, Longwy, Bitsch, and the Têtede-Pont of Fort Louis. As the mainte nance of the army destined for this service is to be provided by France, a special con vention shall regulate every thing which

The

may relate to that object. This convention, which shall have the same force and effect as if it were inserted word for word in the present treaty, shall also regulate the relations of the army of occupation with the civil and military authorities of the country. The utmost extent of the duration of this military occupation, is fixed at five years. It may terminate before that period, if, at the end of three years, the allied sovereigns, after having, in concert with his majesty the king of France, maturely examined their reciprocal situation and interests, and the progress which shall have been made in France in the re-establishment of order and tranquillity, shall agree to acknowledge that the motives which led them to that measure have ceased to exist. But whatever may be the result of this deliberation, all the fortresses and positions occupied by the allied troops shall, at the expiration of five years, be evacuated without further delay, and given up to his most Christian majesty, or to his heirs and

-successors.

6. The foreign troops, not forming part of the army of occupation, shall evacuate the French territory within the term fixed by the 9th article of the military convention annexed to the present treaty.

7. In all countries which shall change sovereigns, as well in virtue of the present treaty, as of the arrangements which are to be made in consequence thereof, a period of six years from the date of the exchange of the ratifications shall be allowed to the inhabitants, natives or foreigners, of whatever condition and nation they may be, to dispose of their property, if they should think fit so to do, and to retire to whatever country they may choose.

8. All the dispositions of the treaty of Paris of the 30th of May, 1814, relative to the countries ceded by that treaty, shall equally apply to the several territories and districts ceded by the present treaty.

9. The high contracting parties have caused representation to be made of the different claims arising out of the nonexecution of the 19th and following articles of the treaty of the 30th of May, 1814, as well as of the additional articles of that

treaty signed between Great Britain and France, desiring to render more efficacious the stipulations made thereby, and having determined, by two separate conventions, the line to be pursued on each side for that purpose, the said two conventions, as annexed to the present treaty, shall, in order to secure the complete execution of the above-mentioned articles, have the same force and effect as if the same were inserted, word for word, herein.

10. All prisoners taken during the hostilities, as well as all hostages which may have been carried off or given, shall be restored in the shortest time possible. The same shall be the case with respect to the prisoners taken previously to the treaty of the 30th of May, 1814, and who shall not already have been restored.

11. The treaty of Paris of the 30th of May, 1814, and the final act of the congress of Vienna of the 9th of June, 1815, are confirmed, and shall be maintained in all such of their enactments which shall not have been modified by the articles of the present treaty.

12. The present treaty, with the conventions annexed thereto, shall be ratified in one act, and the ratifications thereof shall be exchanged in the space of two months, or sooner if possible.

In witness whereof, the respective plenipotentiaries have signed the same, and have affixed thereunto the seals of their arms.

Done at Paris this 20th day of November, in the year of our Lord 1815.

and at the periods prescribed by the following articles.

Article 1. The sum of 700 millions of francs, being the amount of the indemnity, shall be discharged day by day, in equal portions, in the space of five years, by means of bons au porteur on the royal treasury of France, in the manner that shall be now set forth.

2. The treasury shall give over immediately to the allied powers, fifteen engagements for forty-six millions and two-thirds each, forming together the sum of 700 millions; the first engagement payable on the 31st of March, 1816, the second on the 31st of July of the same year, and so on, in every fourth month, during the five successive years.

3. These engagements shall not be negotiable, but they shall be periodically exchanged against bons au porteur, negotiable, drawn in the forum used in the ordinary service of the royal treasury.

4. In the month which shall precede the four in the course of which an engagement is to be paid, that engagement shall be divided by the treasury of France, into bons au porteur payable in Paris, in equal portions, from the first to the last day of the four months.

Thus the engagement of forty-six millions and two-thirds, falling due the 31st of March, 1816, shall be exchanged in the month of November, 1815, against bons au porteur payable in equal portions from the first of December, 1815, to the 31st of March, 1816; the engagement of forty-six millions and two-thirds which will fall due the 31st of July, 1816, shall be exchanged in the month of March of the same year, against bons au porteur payable in equal portions from the first of April, 1816, to the 31st of July of the same year; and so on, every four months.

5. No single bon au porteur shall be delivered for the sum due each day, but the sum so due, shall be divided into several coupures or bills of one thousand, two thousand, five thousand, ten thousand, and twenty thousand francs, the which sums added together, 'will amount to the

sum total of the payment due for each day.

6. The allied powers, convinced that it is as much their interest as that of France, that too considerable a sum of bons au porteur should not be issued at once, agree that there never shall be in circulation bons for more than fifty millions of francs at a time.

7. No interest shall be paid by France for the delay of five years which the allied powers allow to her for the payment of the 700 millions of francs.

8. On the first of January, 1816, there shall be made over by France to the allied powers, as a guarantee for the regularity of the payments, a fund of interest inscribed in the Grand Livre of the public debt of France, of seven millions of francs, on a capital of 140 millions.

This fund of interest shall be used to make good, if there should be need of it, the deficiencies in the acceptances of the French government, and to render the payments equal, at the end of every six months, to the bons au porteur which shall have fallen due, as shall be hereafter detailed.

9. This fund of interest shall be inscribed in the naine of such persons as the allied powers shall point out; but these persons cannot be the holders of the inscriptions, except in the case provided for in the 11th article ensuing. The allied powers further reserve to themselves the right to transfer the inscriptions to other names, as often as they shall judge necessary.

10. The deposit of these inscriptions shall be confided to one treasurer named by the allied powers, and to another named by the French government.

11. There shall be a mixed commission, composed of an equal number on both sides, of allied and French commissioners, who shall examine, every six months, the state of the payments, and shall regulate the balance. The bons of the treasury paid, shall constitute the payments; those which shall not yet have been presented to the treasury of France, shall enter into the account of the subsequent balance; those also which shall have fallen due, been pre

sented, and not paid, shall constitute the arrear, and the sum of inscriptions to be applied at the market price of the day, to cover the deficit. As soon as that operation shall have taken place, the bons unpaid shall be given up to the French commissioners, and the mixed commission shall order the treasurers to pay over the sum so determined upon, and the treasurers shall be authorised and obliged to pay it over to the commissioners of the allied powers, who shall dispose of it as they shall think proper.

12. France engages to replace immediately in the hands of the treasurers, an amount of inscriptions equal to that which may have been made use of, according to the foregoing article, in order that the fund stipulated in the 8th article may be always kept at its full amount.

13. France shall pay an interest of five per cent. per annum from the date of the bons au porteur falling due, upon all such bons the payment of which may have been delayed by the act of France.

14. When the first 600,000,000 of francs shall have been paid, the allies, in order to accelerate the entire liberation of France, will accept, should it be agreeable to the French government, the fund mentioned in the 8th article at the market price of that day, to such an amount as will be equal to the remainder due of the 700,000,000. France will only have to furnish the difference, should any exist.

15. Should this plan not be convenient to France, the 100,000,000 of francs which would remain due, may be discharged in the manner pointed out in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th articles; and, after the complete payment of the 700,000,000, the inscriptions stipulated for in the 8th article shall be returned to France.

16. The French government engages to execute, independently of the pecuniary indemnity stipulated by the present convention, the engagements stipulated for in the special conventions all concluded with the different powers and their co-allies relative to the clothing and equipment of their armies; and engages for the exact deliverance and payment of the bons and

mandats arising from the said conventions, in as far as they shall not have been already discharged at the time of the signature of the principal treaty, and of the present

convention.

Done at Paris this 20th day of November, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifteen. (Signed) (Signed). (L. S.) CASTLEREAGH. (L. S.) RICHELIeu. (L. S.) WELLINGTON.

CONVENTION.

Abstract of the Convention for the Liquidation of Claims upon the French Govern

ment.

To lessen the difficulties which have arisen in the execution of divers articles of the treaty of Paris, of the 30th of May, 1814, and especially those relative to the claims of the subjects of the allied powers, the high contracting parties, desirous of making their respective subjects enjoy the rights which those articles ensure them, and prevent at the same time, as much as possible, all disputes which may arise on the sense of some dispositions of the said treaty, have agreed on the following articles :

Art. I. The treaty of the 30th of May, 1814, being confirmed by the 11th article of the principal treaty to which this convention. is annexed, this confirmation extends principally to articles 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 30, and 31 of that treaty, as far as they are not modified by the present act; and it is expressly agreed, that the explanations and developements which the high contracting parties have thought fit to give them by the following articles, shall in no wise prejudice the claims of any other nature, which may be authorised by the said treaty, without being specially recapitulated by the present convention.

II. His most Christian majesty conse quently promises to pay all the sums owing by France (in countries out of its territory as fixed by the treaty of this date,) by virtue of art. 19, of the treaty of the 30th of May, 1814, whether to individuals, communes,