Obrazy na stronie
PDF
ePub

Paris, 1829.

Pouqueville, Voyage de la Grèce, 6 vols. 8vo, Paris, 1826.| Rougier, Considerations generales sur l'Histoire, 8vq
Prescott, Homer the Sleeper in Horace, 8vo, Camb., 1773.
Prichard, Physical History of Mankind, 8vo, 2 vols.,
London, 1826.

[merged small][ocr errors]

Analysis of Egyptian Mythology, 8vo, Lond.,

Origin of the Celtic Nations, 8vo, Oxf., 1831. Prideaux, Connexions, &c., 2 vols. 8vo, London, 1831 (20th ed.).

Q.

Quarterly Review, 8vo, 66 vols.

Journal of Education, 8vo, London.

R.

Rabelleau, Histoire des Hébreux, 2 vols. 8vo, Paris, 1828. Raoul-Rochette, Cours d'Archéologie, 8vo, Paris, 1828. Rasche, Lexicon Universæ rei numariæ veterum, 8vo, 12 vols., Lipsiæ, 1775-1802.

Reichard, kleine geographische Schriften, 8vo, Guns, 1836.

Reingarum, Das alte Megaris, 12mo, Berlin, 1825. Reisig, Vorlesungen uber Lateinische Sprachwissenschaft, 8vo, Leipzig, 1839.

Relandi, Palæstina, ex monumentis veteribus illustrata,
4to, Norimb., 1716.
Remusat, Mélanges Asiatiques, 2 vols. 8vo, Paris, 1825.
Nouveaux Mélanges Asiatiques, 8vo, 2 vols.,

Paris, 1829.

Rennell, Geography of Herodotus, 8vo, 2 vols., London, 1830.

[ocr errors]

Geography of Western Asia, 8vo, 2 vols., London, 1831 (with atlas).

Illustrations of Xenophon's Anabasis, 4to, London, 1816.

Observations on the Topography of the Plain of Troy, 4to, London, 1814. Repertorium fur Biblische und Morgenlandische Literatur, 18 vols. in 5, 8vo, Leipzig, 1777-85. Retrospective Review, 16 vols. 8vo, London, 1820-28. Rheinisches Museum, 8vo, Bonn, 1827.

Rhode, Die heilige Sage, &c., der Alten Baktrer, Meder, &c., 8vo, Frankfurt, 1820.

-, Die religiose Bildung, &c., der Hindus, 8vo, 2 vols., Leipzig, 1827.

Rich Journey to the Site of Babylon, &c., 8vo, London, 1839.

Richerand, Nouveaux Elémens de Physiologie, 8vo, 2 vols., Paris, 1825 (9th edition).

Rio, L'Histoire de l'Esprit Humain dans l'Antiquité, 2 vols. 8vo, Paris, 1829.

edition).

Ritter, C., Die Erdkunde, &c., 2 vols. 8vo, Berlin, 1817. vol. 1, Berlin, 1822 (2d Die Stupa's (Topes) und die Colosse von Bamiyan, 12mo, Berlin, 1838.

[ocr errors]

Die Vorhalle Europaischer Volkergeschichten, &c., 8vo, Berlin, 1820.

H., Geschichte der Philosophie, 8vo, 4 vols., Hamburg, 1836-39, 2d edit.

Geschichte der Pythagorischen Philosophie, 8vo, Hamburg, 1826.

History of Ancient Philosophy, translated by Morrison, 3 vols. 8vo, Oxford, 1838-9. Rolle, Recherches sur le Culte de Bacchus, 8vo, 3 vols., Paris, 1824.

-, Religions de la Grèce, 8vo, vol. 1, Chatillon-surSeine, 1828.

Rollin, Histoire Romaine, 3 vols. 8vo, Paris, 1838. -, Ancient History, 8vo, New York, 1839. Romanelli, Viaggio a Pompei, &c., 12mo, 2 vols., Napoli, 1817.

1830.

[ocr errors]

L'Agriculture Ancienne des Grecs, 8vo, Paris,

L'Agriculture des Gaulois, 8vo, Paris, 1829. Rudemann, von den Sæculum, 12mo, Copenhagen, 1699. Ruhnker, Opuscula, 2 vols. 8vo, Lugd. Bat., 1823. Ruhs, Die Edda, 8vo, Berlin, 1812.

Russell, View of Ancient and Modern Egypt, zmo, Edinburgh, 1831.

S.

Sainte-Croix, Examen des historiens d'Alexandre le Grand, 4to, Paris, 1810 (2d edition).

Recherches sur les Mystères du Paganis

me, 8vo, 2 vols., Paris, 1817 (2d edition). Salverte, Des Sciences Occultes, &c., 2 vols. 8vo, Paris, 1829. Essai Historique et Philosophique sur les Noms d'Hommes, de Peuples, et de Lieux, 2 vols. 8vo, Paris, 1824.

Sartorius, Geschichte der Ostgothen, 8vo, Leipz., 1830. Schaaif, Encyclopædie der Classischen Alterthumskunde, 8vo, 2 vols., Magdeburg, 1820.

Schelling, Die Gottheiten von Samothrace, 8vo, Stuttgart, 1817.

Schlegel, F., Geschichte der Alten und neuen Litteratur, 8vo, 2 vols., Wien, 1815.

Die Sprache und Weisheit der Indier, 12mo, Heidelburg, 1808.

1822.

Sammtliche Werke, 8vo, 8 vols., Wien,

A. W., Ueber Dramatische Kunst und Litteratur, 12mo, 3 vols., Heidelb., 1817.

A. G., Leçons sur l'Histoire et la Theorie des Beaux Arts, 8vo, Paris, 1830. Schleiermacher, Platons Werke, 8vo, 5 vols., Berlin, 1817-26.

Introduction to the Dialogues of Plato, translated by Dobson, 8vo, London, 1836. Schlichthorst, Geographia Africa Herodoteæ, 12mo, Gottingæ, 1788.

Schmieder, Lehrbuch der alten Erdbeschreibung, 12mo, Berlin, 1802.

Scholl, Histoire de la Littérature Grecque, 8vo, 8 vols., Paris, 1823-25.

Histoire abrégée de la Littérature Romaine, 8vo, 4 vols., Paris, 1815.

Histoire abrégée de la Littérature Grecque sacrée, 8vo, Paris, 1832.

Geschichte der Griechischen Litteratur, aus dem Franzosischen ubersetzt von Schwarze und Pinder, 3 vols. 8vo, Leipzig, 1828-30. Schwenck, Etymologisch-Mythologische Andeutungen, &c., 8vo, Elberfeld, 1823.

Selden, De anno civili veterum Judæorum, 12mo, Lugd.
Bat., 1683.
Seyfarth, Rudimenta Hieroglyphices, 4to, Lipsiæ, 1826.
Brevis defensio, &c., Lipsiæ, 1827.

Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Litteratur, &c., des alten Egypten, 4to, heft. 1, Leipzig, 1826. Sharp, Early History of Egypt, 4to, London, 1836. History of the Ptolemies, 4to, London, 1838. Sidharubam, seu Grammatica Samserdamica, cui accedit Dissertatio Historico-Critica in Linguam Samscrdamicam, 4to, Romæ, Congr. de Prop. Fid., 1790. Sigonius, Fasti Consulares, 12mo, Oxonii, 1801. Sillig, Dictionary of the Artists of Antiquity, translated by Williams, 8vo, London, 1837.

Simon, Die Bewohner des linken Rheinufers, Koln, 8vo. 1833.

Sismondi, Fall of the Roman Empire, 8vo, Philad., 1835.

Rome in the Nineteenth Century, 12mo, 2 vols., New-Spangenberg, de veteris Latii religionibus domesticis, York, 1827.

[blocks in formation]

4to, Gotting., 1806.

Spanheim, Introductio ad Geographiam Sacram, 12mo, Ultrajecti, 1696.

Orbis Romanus, 8vo, London, 1703. Spence, Origin of the Laws and Institutions of Modern Europe, 8vo, London, 1826.

Spohn, Commentatio de extrema Odysseæ parte, 8vo, Lips., 1816.

Sprengel, Histoire de la Médecine, 8vo, 9 vols., Paris,

1815.

Stahr, Aristotelia, 2 vols. 8vo, Halle, 1833. Stieglitz, Archæologische Unterhaltungen, 8vo, Leipzig, 1820.

Strada Prolusiones Academicæ, 8vo, Oxon., 1745. Stuart and Revett's Antiquities of Athens, &c., abridged, 12mo, London, 1837.

Dictionary of Architecture, 3 vols. 8vo, London. Systema Brahmanicum, Liturgicum Mythologicum civile, ex monumentis Indicis Musei Borgiani Velitris, 4to, Romæ, 1791.

T.

Tennemann, Geschichte der Philosophie, 8vo, vol. 1, Leipzig, 1829 (2d edition).

Geschichte der Philosophie, 8vo, 11 vols.,

Leipzig, 1798-1819.

Grundriss der Geschichte der Philosophie, 8vo, Leipzig, 1829 (5th edit.).

, System der Platonischen Philosophie, 8vo, 4 vols., Leipzig, 1792-94.

Manual of the History of Philosophy, translated by Johnson, 8vo, Oxford, 1832. Terpstra, Antiquitas Homerica, 8vo, Lugd. Bat., 1831. Theatre of the Greeks, 8vo, Cambridge, 1830 (3d edit.). -, by Donaldson, 8vo, Cambridge,

1836 (4th edit.). Thierry, Histoire des Gaulois, 3 vols. 8vo, Paris, 1828. Thirlwall, History of Greece, 7 vols. 12mo, Lond., 183540.

Tiraboschi, Storia della Letteratura Italiana, 8vo, 20 vols., Firenze, 1805-13.

Tissot, Etudes sur Virgile, 3 vols. 8vo, Bruxelles, 1826

28.

Tittmann, Darstellung der Griechischen Staatsverfassungen, 8vo, Leipzig, 1822.

Tofanelli, Description des objets de Sculpture et de
Peinture au Capitol, 12mo, Rome, 1825.
Tolken, Ueber das Basrelief, 12mo, Berlin, 1815.
Toulotte, Barbarie et Lois au Moyen Age, 8vo, 3 vols.,
Paris, 1829.

Tournefort, Voyage du Levant, 3 vols. 8vo, Lyon, 1717.
Townley Gallery, 2 vols. 12mo, London, 1836.
Trapp's Prælectiones Poeticæ, 8vo, 3 vols., Oxon., 1711-

19.

Turner, Tour in the Levant, 3 vols. 8vo, London, 1820. Twining, Translation of Aristotle's Poetics, with notes, 4to, London, 1789.

Tzchirner, Der Fall des Heidenthums, 8vo, vol. 1, Leipzig, 1829.

U.

Ukert, Geographie der Griechen und Römer, 2 vols. 8vo, Weimar, 1816.

Usserius (Usher), De Macedonum et Asianorum Anno Solari, 12mo, Lugd. Bat., 1683.

V.

Valery, Voyage Historique et Litteraire en Italie, 8vo, Brux., 1835.

Van Heusde, Initia philosophiæ Platonicæ, 5 parts 8vo, Trajecti ad Rhenum, 1827-36.

Characterismi principum philosophorum veterum, Socratis, Platonis, Aristotelis, 8vo, Amsterdam, 1839. Viaggi di Petrarca, in Francia, in Germania, ed in Italia, 8vo, 5 vols., Milano, 1820.

Vico, Principes de la philosophie de l'Histoire, 2 vols. 12mo, Brux., 1835.

Vincent, Commerce and Navigation of the Ancients, &c., 4to, 2 vols., London, 1807.

5 Vol. 1, Voyage of Nearchus.
Vol. 2, Periplus.

Virey, Histoire Naturelle du Genre Humain, 12mo, vols., Bruxelles, 1827.

Visconti, E. Q., Iconografia Greca, 8vo, 7 vols., Milano,

[blocks in formation]

Volcker, über Homerische Geographie und Weltkunde, 8vo, Hannov., 1830.

Mythische Geographie der Griechen und Ro mer, 8vo, Hannov., 1830.

"" Mythologie des Iapetischen Geschlechtes 12mo, Giessen, 1824. Vollmer, Worterbuch der Mythologie, 8vo, Stuttgard 1836.

Voss, J. H., Mythologische Briefe, 12mo, 5 vols., Stutt
gart, 1827-34.
Anti-Symbolik, 2 vols. 12mo, Stuttgart, 1824
Vossius, De Historicis Græcis, ed. Westermann, 8vo,
Lips., 1838.

Voyage a Pompei, 12mo, Paris, 1829.
Vyacarana, seu locupletissima Samserdamicæ linguæ
Institutio, 4to, Romæ, 1804.

Vyse, Pyramids of Gizeh, 2 vols. 4to, London, 1840.

W.

Wachler, Handbuch der Geschichte der Litteratur, 8vo,
4 vols., Frankfurt, 1822.
Wachsmuth, Hellenische Alterthumskunde, 4 vols. 8vo,
Halle, 1826-30.
Historical Antiquities of the Greeks, trans-
lated by Woolrich, 2 vols. 8vo, Oxford, 1837.
Wagner, Die Tempel und Pyramiden der Urbewohner,
auf dem rechten Elbufer, 8vo, Leipzig, 1828.
Wahl, Vorder und Mittel Asien, 8vo, Leipzig, 1795.
Walch, Historia Critica Lingua Latina, 12mo, Lips.,
1716.

Walker, Analysis of Female Beauty, London, 1836, 8vo.
Walpole, Memoirs relating to European and Asiatic
Turkey, &c., 4to, 2 vols., London, 1818.
Walsh, Essay on Ancient Coins, &c., 12mo, Lond., 1828.
Narrative of a Journey from Constantinople to
England, 12mo, London, 1831 (4th edition).
Weber, Illustrations of Northern Antiquities, 4to, Edin-
burgh, 1814.

Weisse, Darstellung der Griechischen Mythologie, 8vo, vol. 1, Leipzig, 1828.

Welcker, Der Epische Cyclus, 8vo, Bonn, 1835.

Eschylische Trilogie, 8vo, Darmstadt, 1824. Nachtrag zu der Schrift über die Eschylische Trilogie, 8vo, Frankfort, 1826.

Die Griechischen Tragodien, 2 vols. 8vo, Bonn, 1839.

Ueber eine Kretische Kolonie in Theben, 8vo, Bonn, 1824.

Wells, Sacred Geography, 4to, Charlestown, 1817.
Westminster Review, 17 vols. 8vo, Westminst., 1824-33.
Wharton, Works of Virgil, 4 vols. 8vo, London, 1753.
Whiter, Etymological Dictionary, 4to, 3 vols., Camb.,
1822.

Wilkinson, Topography of Thebes, 8vo, London, 1835.
Manners and Customs of the Ancient Egyp
tians, 3 vols. 8vo, London, 1837.
Williams, Life of Alexander the Great, 12mo, New-
York, 1837.

Essays on the Geography of Ancient Asia,
8vo, London, 1829.
Winckelmann, Werke, 8vo, 9 vols., Dresden, 1808.
Monumenti Antichi inediti, fol., 3 vols.,

Roma, 1821. Wiseman, Lectures on Science and Revealed Religion, 8vo, Andover, 1837.

Witsius, Egyptiaca, 4to, Bas., 1739.
Wolf, Analecta, 8vo, 2 vols., Berlin, 1820.
Wordsworth, Pictorial History of Greece, 8vo, London,
1839.

Wurm, De Ponderum, &c., rationibus apud Romanos
et Græcos, 8vo, Stuttgard, 1821.
Wyttenbach, Opuscula, 2 vols. 8vo, Lugd. Bat., 1821.
Epistolæ Selectæ, 8vo, Gandavi, 1830.
Lectiones Quinque, 8vo, Gandavi, 1824.
Z.

Zeller, Platonische Studien, 8vo, Tubingen, 1839. Zumpt, Abstimmung des Romischen Volks in Centurial comitien, &c., Berlin, 1837.

A.

CLASSICAL DICTIONARY,

&c. &c. &c.

ABA

ABA

them by the fore part of their heads. The truth is, they wore their hair long behind as a badge of valour, and so the scholiast on Homer means by ivdpɛías xúpwv. The custom of wearing long hair characterized many, if not all of the warlike nations of antiquity; it prevailed among the Scythians, who were wont also to cut off the hair of their captives as indicative of slavery (Hesych. -Bayeri Mem. Scyth. in comment. Acad. Petr. 1732, p. 388); and also among the Thracians, Spartans, Gauls (Galli comati), and the early Romans (intonsi Romani). As to the origin of this custom among the Spartans, Herodotus (1,82) seems to be in error, in dating it from the battle of Thyrea, since Xenophon (Lac. Pol. 11, 3) expressly refers it to the time of Lycur gus (Plut. Vit. Lys. 1). The practice of scalping, which, according to Herodotus (4, 64), existed among the ancient Scythians (Casaub. ad Athen. 524), and is still used by the North American Indians, appears to owe its origin to this peculiar regard for the hair of the head. The greatest trophy for the victor to gain, or the vanquished to lose, would be a portion of what each had regarded as the truest badge of valour, and the

ABE, a city of Phocis, near and to the right of Elatea, towards Opus. The inhabitants had a tradition that they were of Argive descent, and that their city was founded by Abas, son of Lynceus and Hypermnestra, grandson of Danaus (Paus. 10, 35). It was most probably of Thracian, or, in other words, Pelasgic origin. Abe was early celebrated for its oracle of Apollo, of greater antiquity than that at Delphi (Steph. B.). In later days, the Romans also testified respect for the character of the place, by conceding important privileges to the Abæans, and allowing them to live under their own laws (Paus. l. c.). During the Persian invasion, the army of Xerxes set fire to the temple, and nearly destroyed it; soon after it again gave oracles, though in this dilapidated state, and was consulted for that purpose by an agent of Mardonius (Herod. 8, 134). In the Sacred war, a body of Phocians having fled to it for refuge, the Thebans burned what remained of the temple, destroying, at the same time, the suppliants (Diod. S. 16,58). Hadrian caused another temple to be built, but much inferior in size. The city possessed also a forum and a theatre. Ruins are pointed out by Sir W. Gell (Itin. 266) near the modern village of Exar-skin of the head would be taken with it to keep the cho.

ABÆUS, a surname of Apollo, derived from the town of Abæ in Phocis, where the god had a rich temple. (Hesych., s. v. 'Abai.-Herod. 8, 33.)

hair together. On the other hand, shaving the head was a peaceful and religious custom, directly opposed to that just mentioned. It was an indispensable rite among the priests of Egypt (Herod. 2, 36); and even ABACENUM, a city of the Siculi, in Sicily, situated the deities in the hieroglyphics have their heads withon a steep hill southwest of Messana. Its ruins are out hair. Hence, too, may be explained what is said supposed to be in the vicinity of Tripi. Being an ally of the Argippæi, or Bald-headed Scythians (Herod. 4, of Carthage, Dionysius of Syracuse wrested from it 23). No one offered violence to them; they were acpart of the adjacent territory, and founded in its vicin-counted sacred, and had no warlike weapons. Were ity the colony of Tyndaris (Diod. S. 14, 78, 90). Ptolemy calls this city 'Abúkaiva, all other writers 'Abakaivov. According to Bochart, the Punic appellation was Abacin, from Abac, "extollore," in reference to its lofty situation. (Cluver. Sic. Ant. 2, 386.) ABALUS. Vid. Basilia.

ABANTES, an ancient people of Greece, whose origin is not ascertained; probably they came from Thrace, and having settled in Phocis, built the city Abæ. From this quarter a part of them seem to have removed to Euboea, and hence its name Abantias, or Abantis (Strabo, 444). Others of them left Euboea, and settled for a time in Chios (Paus. 7, 4); a third band, returning with some of the Locri from the Trojan war, were driven to the coast of Epirus, settled in part of Thesprotia, inhabited the city Thronium, and gave the name Abantis to the adjacent territory (Paus. 5, 22). The Thracian origin of the Abantes is contested by Mannert (8, 246), though supported, in some degree, by Aristotle, as cited by Strabo. They had a custom of cutting off the hair of the head before, and suffering it to grow long behind (Il. 2, 542). Plutarch (Vit. Thes. 5) states, that they did this to prevent the enemy, whom they always boldly fronted, from seizing

they not one of those sacerdotal colonies which, migrating at a remote period from India, spread themselves over Scythia, and a large portion of the farther regions of the West?

ABANTIADES, a masculine patronymic given to the descendants of Abas, king of Argos, such as Acrisius, Perseus, &c. (Ovid, Met. 4, 673.)

ABANTIAS, I. one of the ancient names of Eubœa. (Vid. Abantes.) Strabo (444) calls it Abantis.-II. A female patronymic from Abas, as Danaë, Atalanta, &c.

ABANTIDAS, a tyrant of Sicyon, in the third century B.C. He seized upon the sovereign power, after having slain Clinias, who was then in charge of the administration. Clinias was the father of the celebrated Aratus, and the latter, at this time only seven years of age, narrowly escaped sharing the fate of his parent. (Plut. Vit. Arat. 2.)

ABANTIS. Vid. Abantias II.

ABARIS, I. a Scythian, or Hyperborean, mentioned by several ancient writers. Iamblichus states that Abaris was a disciple of Pythagoras, and performed many wonders with an arrow received from Apollo. (Vit. Pythag., p. 28, ed. Kuster.) Herodotus informs us (4, 36) that he was carried on this arrow over the

them, will make Abaris, travelling on his arrow, to be him that moves rapidly along, Runa, the scribe, prophet, deliverer; and, at the same time, the personification of writing, as the source of all knowledge, and of safety to man. Thus the legend of Abaris may mark the propagation of writing from the summits of Caucasus, for spreading civilization as well to the Greeks, as the nations of the North. For other speculations, compare Muller (Dorier, 1, 364) and Schwenk (Etymol.-Myth. Andeut. 358), who see in Abaris the god himself, Apollo 'Apapeúç or 'Apaioç, “ luminous," under the Macedonian form "Abapıç, become his own priest (Creuzer, 2, 1. 269).-II. A city of Egypt, called also Avaris ('Alapus, or Avapic). Manetho places it to the east of the Bubastic mouth of the Nile, in the Saitic Nome (Joseph. c. Ap. 1, 14). Mannert identifies it with what was afterward called Pelusium; for the name Abaris disappeared, when the shepherd-race retired from Egypt, and the situation of Pelusium coincides sufficiently with the site of Abaris, as far as authorities have rched us. Manetho, as cited by Josephus, says, that Salatis, the first shepherd-king, finding the position of Abaris well adapted to his purpose, rebuilt the city, and strongly fortified it with walls, garrisoning it with a force of 240,000 men. To this city Salatis repaired in summer time, in order to collect his tribute, and to pay his troops, and to exercise his soldiers with the view of striking terror into foreign states. Manetho also informs us, that the name of the city had an ancient theological reference (karovμévny d' ¿ñó TIVOS ipxaías dɛoλoyíaç Avapı). Other writers make the term Abaris denote "a pass," or "crossing over," a name well adapted to a stronghold on the borders. Compare the Sanscrit upari (over, above), the Gothic ufar, the Old High German ubar, the Persian eber, the Latin super, the Greek véр, &c.

whole earth without tasting food. But there are strong doubts as to the accuracy of the text given by Wesseling and Valckenaer. The old editions read wç rov bioτòv rɛpiépɛpe ovdèv oiteóμevoc, which agrees with the account given in the Fragment of Lycurgus cited by Eudocia (Villois. Anecd. 1, 20), where he is said to have traversed all Greece, holding an arrow as the symbol of Apollo. The time of his arrival in Greece is variously given (Bentl. Phal. 95). Some fix it in the 3d Olympiad (Harpocr.—Suid.), others in the 21st, others much lower. One authority is weighty: Pindar, as cited by Harpocration, states that Abaris came to Greece while Croesus was king of Lydia. An extraordinary occasion caused his visit. The whole earth was ravaged by a pestilence; the oracle of Apollo, being consulted, gave answer that the scourge would only cease when the Athenians should offer up vows for all nations. Another account makes him to have left his native country during a famine (Villois. Anecd. 1. c.). He made himself known throughout Greece as a performer of wonders; delivered oracular responses (Clem. Alex. Str. 399); healed maladies by charms or exorcisms (Plato, Charm. 1, 312, Bekk.); drove away storms, pestilence, and evils. His oracles are said to have been left in writing (Apollon. Hist. Comment. c. 4. Compare Schol. Aristophan. p. 331, as emended by Scaliger). The money obtained for these various services, Abaris is said to have consecrated, on his return, to Apollo (Iambl. V. P. 19), whence Bayle concludes, that the collecting of a pious contribution formed the motive of his journey to Greece (Dict. Hist. et Crit. 1, 4). He formed also a Palladium out of the bones of Pelops, and sold it to the Trojans (Jul. Firmicus, 16). Modern opinions vary: Brucker (Hist. Phil. 1, 355.-Enfield, 1, 115) regards him as one who, like Empedocles, Epimenides, Pythagoras, and others, went about imposing on the vulgar by false pretensions to supernatural powers; and Lobeck (Aglaoph. vol. i., p. 313, seq.) is of the same opinion. Creuzer (Symb. 2, 1, 267) considers Abaris as belonging to the curious chain of connexion between the religions of the North, and those of Southern Europe, so distinctly indicated by the customary offerings sent to Delos from the country of the Hyperboreans. The same writer then cites a remarkable passage from the Hial- ABAS, I. or ABUS, a mountain of Armenia Major; marsaga: "From Greece came Abor and Samolis, according to D'Anviile, the modern Abi-dag, according with many excellent men; they met with a very cor- to Mannert (5, 196), Ararat; giving rise to the southdial reception; their servant and successor was Herse ern branch of the Euphrates. (Vid. Arsanias.)—II. A of Glisisvalr." The allusion here is evidently to river of Albania, rising in the chain of Caucasus, and Abaris and Zamolxis; and if this passage be authen- falling into the Caspian Sea. Ptolemy calls it Albanus. tic, Abaris would have been a Druid of the North, and On its banks Pompey defeated the rebellious Albanians the country of the Hyperboreans the Hebrides. The Piut. Vit. Pomp. 35).—III. The 12th king of Ardoctrines of the Druids, as well as those of Zamolxis, gos. (Vid. Supplement.)-IV. A son of Metaneira, resemble the tenets of the Pythagorean school, and changed by Ceres into a lizard for having mocked the in this way we may explain that part of the story of goddess in her distress. Others refer this to AscalaAbaris which connects him with Pythagoras (Origen. phus.-V. A Latin chief who assisted Encas against Philos. 882, 906, ed. de la Rue.-Chardon de la Ro- Turnus, and was killed by Lausus. (Æn. 10, 170, &c.) chette, Melang. de Crit. vol. i., p. 58.) Unfortunate--VI. A soothsayer, to whom the Spartans erected a ly, the Saga of Hialmar is by the ablest critics of the statue for his services to Lysander, before the battle North considered a forgery (Müller's Sagabibl. 2, 663). of Egospotamos. He is called by some writers HaStill, other grounds have been assumed for making Ab-gias ('Aytaç). aris a Druidical priest; and the opinion is maintained by several writers (Toland's Misc. Works, 1, 181.— Higgins' Celtic Druids, 123.-Southern Rev. 7, 21). One argument is derived from Himerius (Phot. Bibl. vol. ii., p. 374, ed. Bekker), that he travelled in Celtic costume; in a plaid and pantaloons. Creuzer, after some remarks on this history, indulges in an inge nious speculation, by which Abaris becomes a personification of writing, and the doctrines communicated by it, as well as the advantages resulting from these doc trines, and from science or wisdom in general. As the Runic characters of the North are here referred to, a part of his argument rests on the etymology of" Runic," rinnen, runen, "to run," "to move rapidly along." This, together with the arrow-like form of most of

ABARNIS, or -Us, I. a name given to that part of Mysia in which Lampsacus was situate. Venus, according to the fable, here disowned (dzṇovýcɑto) her offspring Priapus, whom she had just brought forth, being shocked at his deformity. Hence the appellation. The first form Aparnis, was subsequently altered to Abarnis (Steph. B.).—II. A city in the above-mentioned district, lying south of Lampsacus (Steph. B.).

ABASCANTUS. Vid. Supplement.

ABASĪTIS, a listrict of Phrygia Epictetus, in the vicinity of Mysia; in it was the city of Ancyra, and here, according to Strabo (576), the Macestus or Megistus arose.

ABĂTOS. Vid. Philæ.

ABDALONIMUS, one of the descendants of the kings of Sidon, so poor that, to maintain himself, he worked in a garden. When Alexander took Sidon, he made him king, and enlarged his possessions for his disinterestedness. (Justin, 11, 10.-Curt. 4, 1.) Diodorus Siculus (17, 46) calls him Ballonymus, a corruption of the true name as given by Curtius and Justin. Wesseling (ad. Diod. S. l. c.) considers the word equiv alent, in the Phoenician tongue, to Abd-al-anim, “Ser

« PoprzedniaDalej »