palace; the arch upon which Pilate showed our Lord to the Jews, saying, Behold the man.

:

In the Church of the Holy Sepulchre the column at which our Lord was scourged; the holy mount of Calvary; the spot on which our Lord was crucified, and where He gave up the ghost; the cleft in the rock; the stone of unction; the Holy Sepulchre; the chapel of the apparition of our Lord to the Blessed Virgin; the place where the holy cross was found; the chapel of St. Helena.

Outside the city, to the east: the tomb of the Mother of God.

On the Mount of Olives: the spot from which our Lord ascended to heaven.

From Jerusalem to Bethany: the tomb of Lazarus; the stone upon which our Lord sat; the gate of the Holy City, called the Golden Gate, by which our Lord entered on Palm Sunday.

From Jerusalem to the Jordan: the river of Jordan, and the holy mountain of the forty days.

From Jerusalem to the village Emmaus: the village itself, and the house of Cleophas, where our Lord was recognised.

At Bethlehem the grotto of the Birth of our Lord, in which is the spot where He was born, was laid in the manger, and where He was adored by the Magi; the church of St. Catherine, Virgin and Martyr; the church of St. Agnes, where the birth of our Lord was announced to the shepherds.

In the mountains of Judea: the church and spot where St. John the Baptist was born.

In Judea the city of Naim; Mount Tabor; the city of Nazareth and the church of the Annunciation; the city of Cana in Galilee, Mount Sinai, or of St. Catherine.

Besides these holy places, to which plenary indulgences are attached, there are one hundred and sixty places at which partial indulgences of seven years and seven quarantines may be gained, but the enumeration of these will lead us too far; they may, however, be found in a work entitled L'Elucidation historique, théologique, et morale de la Terre-Sainte, par F. François Quaresmius de Lodi. We dare not, however, guarantee that all these indulgences are authentic, not having been able to find them in the bulls of the Sovereign Pontiff; still we are disposed to believe them so, more particularly as the Chevalier Artand de Montor, a celebrated writer, affirms that Father Quaresmius is a well-informed, judicious writer, and one who may be considered as a double authority, since he is a practical theologian, and exercised the functions of Custos and Apostolic Vicar of the Holy Land. (Considérations sur Jérusalem.) Monseigneur Mislin, Secret Chamberlain to his Holiness Pius IX., also gives the names of all the holy places to which plenary and partial indulgences are attached. (Les Saints Lieux, tom. ii. note, p. 299.)

OTHER PARTIAL INDULGENCES.

An indulgence of 560 days for assisting at the monthly assembly of the Congregation (Clement V., 8th May 1305, Cum illuminatum) to those who have communicated a plenary indulgence.

Three years and three quarantines each time a Tertian living in community says his Culpa to the Chapter. Paul V., 23d May 1606, Romanus Pontifex.

Five years and five quarantines each time a

Tertian accompanies the Blessed Sacrament to the sick. Paul V., 11th March 1607, Cum certas.

Seven years and seven quarantines (besides the plenary to those who communicate) for visiting a church or chapel of the order on the Feast of St. Margaret of Cortona, 22d Feb.; St. Bernardin of Sienna, 20th May; St. Antony of Padua, 13th June; St. Elizabeth of Portugal, 8th July; St. Bonaventura, 14th July; St. Clare, 12th August; St. Louis, King of France, 25th August; the Stigmata of St. Francis, 17th Sept.; St. Elizabeth of Hungary, 19th Nov.; and one Sunday or festival each month, at choice, it being approved by the superiors of the order. Paul V., 11th March 1607, Cum certas; and Benedict XIV., 15th March 1751, Ad Romanum Pontificem.

The same popes have granted Tertians a hundred days:

Each time they assist at the divine office, at the spiritual conferences, exhortations, or any other exercise of piety.

son.

Every time they give hospitality to a poor per

Every time they reconcile, or try to do so, persons living at enmity with each other.

Every time they assist at an interment, or, being prevented from doing so, every time they recite to the sound of the bell the Pater and an Ave for the repose of the soul of the defunct.

Every time they assist at processions.

Every time they visit prisoners or sick persons, either in the hospitals or in their own homes, and in general for any other work of piety or charity. All these indulgences may be applied to the souls in

Purgatory. Paul V., Gregory XV., 10th Nov. 1622, and Benedict XIV.

We do not notice several other plenary indulgences, which we have not been able to verify, and of which we cannot point out the origin. We also pass in silence the numerous partial indulgences attached to the visiting our churches, assisting at our offices, to various prayers, and other pious works. To gain them it is only necessary to direct the intention thereto in the morning, though we may not be cognisant of each particular indulgence. Innocent XII., 24th Dec. 1691.

REMARKS ON THE INDULGENCES.

1. To gain a plenary indulgence, three conditions are prescribed confession, communion, and a visit to a church or chapel of the order.* But the state of grace is sufficient in order to gain the plenary indulgences attached to the Franciscan Crown, the Rosary of our Lord, to the Seven Penitential Psalms, to the Gradual Psalms, or to the Office for the Dead ; as also to the Stations at Rome, Jerusalem, St. James, and the Portiuncula. It is the same with respect to the Papal benediction. The state of grace further suffices for gaining the partial indulgences. Benedict XIV., 18th Oct. 1741.

2. The time prescribed for the visits is from the first vespers on the vigil, that is to say, according to custom, two o'clock till sunset the following day.

* In places where there is no church or chapel of the order, the visit must be made to the parish church; and to the chapel indicated by the Director, in case there is a congregation of Tertians. Benedict XIV.

3. Those who are accustomed to confess weekly are not required to make an especial confession for the indulgences. Clement XIII., 9th Dec. 1763.

4. Sick and infirm persons who are not able to fulfil all that is appointed by the bulls and rescripts to gain the indulgence, can participate in the same favours by reciting at their own homes the usual prayers, according to the intention of the Sovereign Pontiffs; for example, five Paters, five Aves, and five Glorias, or in following the advice of their confessor. Benedict XIV., 11th Sept. 1755.

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