superior to that which we have for any earthly friend. "He that loveth father or mother more than me, is not worthy of me," etc. I exhorted him to read the New Testament with earnest prayer that he might be guided into the knowledge of the truth. nailed to the underside of the beams; and the floor consists of a carpet of the same material. The pulpit is three feet high, made perfectly plain. The base is a block of masonry. It accommodates probably between twelve and thirteen hundred hearers. It could not have been built by contract for less than two Under date of February 3d, 1836, Mr. thousand dollars, but has cost the mission Riggs writes Our two schools contain seventy girls, and the average attendance for some time past has been about fifty, quite as many as we could expect during the cold season. The whole number who have entered since the commencement of the school is about 110. The assistant teacher in the upper department having been sick and unable to be in the school for more than a month, Mrs. Riggs and myself have been confined in the school, one or the other of us, the whole time. The teacher is convalescent, but will not probably be able to enter on his labors for some weeks. In the distribution of the Scriptures and other books I have not been able to do any thing to compare with what Mr. King can do at Athens. Still a beginning is made here. From our return to Argos in May last, to the close of the year, I sold and distributed gratuitously, 1,485 school books and tracts, 104 Greek Testaments, 32 Pentateuchs and Psalters, two English Bibles and one Testament, and one French Bible and three Testaments. Sandwich Islands. EXTRACTS FROM RECENT LETTERS OF THE MISSIONARIES. In April of last year Mr. Hitchcock, whose station is on the island of Molokai, writes respecting a New Meeting-house-School for Children. The meeting-house which was commenced before the date of my last, has been completed. It is built of stone laid up in mud mixed with grass. The walls are three feet thick. It is ninety feet long and forty-two wide, and twelve feet high, plastered and whitewashed outside and in. The frame of the roof is of the first rate. The thatching is of the leaf of the spiral pandanus, surmounted at the ends and ridge-pole by a thick border of the ki leaf. The frame-work inside is concealed by large light colored mats but little more than one hundred. It was dedicated December 6th, when Mr. Richards preached from the words, "Enter into thy resting place, thou, and the ark of thy strength," etc. The house was crowded, and hundreds could not get in. It was an interesting season. Nothing that I have to communicate will probably interest you more than an account of our children's school. From the beginning of our labors here we have felt it to be duty to give special attention to the young; and even before we were acquainted with the language, opened a school for them, which has continued with little interruption until the present time. Owing, however, to my living alone, and considering pastoral duties of paramount importance, it has received but little of my personal attention until the current year. A more thorough knowledge of the circumstances, habits, and views of the people has resulted in an entire conviction that whatever other department of missionary labor be crowded out, by an inability to attend to all, the instruction of the children must not. Thus far, therefore, the present year, I have devoted a very considerable part of my time to the station school for children. The result has been an increase of scholars from sixty or at most seventy to 250. The average number of pupils for several months past has been not less than 240. Of these, 140 are able to read with different degrees of correctness, from that of accuracy and fluency to that of spelling out their words. Forty of them write, some an elegant, and most of them a legible hand. Sixteen are pursuing Colburn's mental arithmetic, four of whom are advancing rapidly. The remaining 140 have most of them learned to pronounce words of two and some of three letters. Several of the boys are designed for the high school, as soon as that institution shall be prepared to receive them. All the children live within about two miles of the station, and by far the greater portion of them are under five years of age. Many more are under ten, and none are over fourteen. So that, allowing fifteen to be the average age for leaving school, those now in it will remain the greater part of them ten years, many others five, and a few of || probably the fundamental qualifications of them one year longer. This is the pre- a good teacher are in hardly any situation sent state of the school; and no reason more indispensable. The teacher of a school appears why it should not continue to be in a heathen country may not indeed be reas favorable, as long as the station continues. We have one capacious school- quired to give instruction in some of the house, and are about to build another branches of knowledge, nor to the same exstill larger, that we may have ample tent in others, which he would be expected room for so large a school. At present to do in the best village schools in this counthe younger part of the school assembles in the old meeting-house. They all, try; still the more branches he has given athowever, meet in one room for prayers. This school is by far the most interesting part of my field, so far as prospects of usefulness are concerned. It can hardly be expected that a continual supervision of so many native children for a series of years will not result in a radical difference of character from that which they now sustain. As to the teacher who is to have charge of the station-school, I assure you I feel no little solicitude. It requires a man of ardent piety, great patience, good education, of a condescending spirit, of decided authority, and apt to teach. Without piety, he will find no motive among these savage children to move him to action: without patience, the obstacles in the way will be too great for him to surmount: without education, by which I mean a well cultivated mind, his influence upon the future character of the people must necessarily be superficial: without a condescending spirit, much will be lost from want of that familiarity with the children and parents which alone can secure their love and respect: without a tact at government, he would be heeded no more than the wind: and without an aptitude to teach, the consequence here, as in our native land, would be a perfect failure. When I consider the importance of this school, in the magnitude of the interests depending on its proper management, I feel, "Who is sufficient for these things?" But I feel less concern on this subject than I should were I not confident that the Board, and particularly the Committee, will see even more clearly than I do the impropriety of sending out uneducated and inexperienced men to conduct the education of the children of these islands. The remarks in the last paragraph are doubtless correct and are regarded by the Committee as being highly important. It might seem, on first thought, that almost any person would be a competent teacher for an utterly ignorant and heathen community; but tention to, and the more extensive and thorough is his acquaintance with all, the more will he be able to instruct and benefit his classes. But among a people whose minds are by inheritance dull and inactive; in whom sensuality and a regard for external things have so long excluded all thought upon intellectual and moral subjects as almost to destroy the capacity for such thought; and who can feebly apprehend the value of book knowledge and scarcely en dure the drudgery of acquiring it,—what can a teacher expect to accomplish without such a knowledge of the human mind as to enable him to gain access to it; without ability to communicate instruction with such sim plicity and clearness that the dullest mind Kumu_ Hawaii-Desire for the New The "Kumu Hawaii" is a small newspaper, in the Hawaiian language, edited by Mr. Tinker, and printed at the mission press in Honolulu. It furnishes a vehicle for conveying to the natives much important information on religious and other subjects, awakens thought and feeling, and presents a strong inducement to the more intelligent and enterprising among them to improve their own minds and exert an influence over their countrymen, by writing. Respecting the success of the undertaking, Mr. Tinker, on the 3d of May, 1836, writes The Kumu Hawaii is attended with as its head. We have at the station six much success, I believe, as was expect- hundred subscribers for the Kumu Haed. About 3,000 copies of the first vol- || waii. ume were circulated. The second is half the size of the first, as that was thought to be too large. About the same number are distributed. It is used to some extent in schools, and read more or less at their houses, as other books are read by such a people. Natives write more and more for it; and we hope it may prove more and more useful as their intelligence increases and also our skill in adapting it to their wants. On the 5th of May Mr. Armstrong, associated in labors with Mr. Green at Wailuku, on the island of Maui, writes as follows My family has suffered much this year for want of a good dwelling, yards, etc.; but I have nearly completed a new house of the following description; fifty feet long, and twenty-eight wide-one story, and covered with ti leaf. The roof is kindly put on by our chief, which will save a great deal of expense. The walls are of stone, ten feet high. Part of the house is intended for Miss Brown, who will live with us after it is finished. I am pained when I think of the expense of our dwellings, and you, no doubt, feel it too; but for one, I have a clear conscience on this subject. I have been five years without a safe and comfortable When the late edition of the New lodging-place for my family and we Testament came out, the people about have suffered many inconveniences and us crowded our houses all day long and hindrances in consequence, and now in even in the night, trying to obtain a building, I have studied economy, more copy. As I had not enough to supply than I think I should do in America the one tenth of the demand, I was with a salary of $400 a year. I have, in obliged at last to lock my study door and order to save expense, wrought with my make no reply to those who knocked. own hands; have lived a week at a time They went away murmuring over their on the side of a mountain fifteen miles disappointment. I have given away no from home, cutting timber and drawing I make this statement that Testaments as yet. All who have called it with oxen. for them have either brought the worth you may perceive that your suggestion of the book in produce, or agreed to a year ago on the subject of building work for it. What the motives of the has not been wholly neglected. The people are in thus seeking the word of funds by which we are supported are saGod it is not easy to tell; certainly not, cred. They are offerings on the altar of in most cases, the love of truth or right- God, given often out of the "hard earneousness, as their daily conduct shows;-ings of the poor;" and I shudder at the but still it is encouraging to see the peo-thought of wasting a farthing out of the Lord's treasury. ple seeking, and laboring for, and carrying about in their hands, the word of God in their own language. Our chief has, of late, taken hold of a school. He has enrolled all the people in Wailuku who know their letters, and requires them to meet him in the large meeting-house every Wednesday afternoon for purposes of instruction. They are divided off into classes, with such teachers as we can obtain placed over each class, while the chief and myself superintend the whole. They recite, first, the verse of the day, and then read the Kumu Hawaii and other books, on all of which they are examined at the close of the school after calling of the roll by the chief. Five or six hundred attend. We are glad of this movement, as it is of the utmost importance to keep up an interest in books and schools, without which we shall soon have but few persons who can read what we print. So long as the natives cleave to books and schools, vice will be obliged to hide VOL. XXXII. I will say here what I intended to say before, that, to my view, the state and prospects of our mission have not been inore encouraging since I came to the islands than they now are. Mr. Dimond, who has the charge of the binding department, in connection with the printing establishment at Honolulu, under date of May 10th, makes the following statement respecting the men employed in his office. I have now fifteen men in the bindery, folders, sewers, forwarders, and finishers; and a shop of more orderly men containing the same number can hardly be found in America. I am quite certain that the same number of men, taken promiscuously from among the book-binders of New York, would suffer in the comparison. Although they are paid in money, and generally have some about them, I have never known one of them to get intoxi 10 cated, and only one on one occasion to drink any; although it can be obtained at any time in the village. They spend their money to good advantage. Pawnees. EXTRACTS FROM THE JOURNAL OF DOCT. SATTERLEE. Tour with the Indians-Organization of a Church-Return of Mr. Dunbar. DocT. Satterlee proceeded to the Pawnee country in the spring of last year. From the Pawnee agency, at Bellevue, he and Mr. Dunbar started with a band of traders on the 17th of June, for the villages of the Indians, with the intention of accompanying them on their summer hunt. These extracts give an account of their approach to the Indians, who had already started, and of the subsequent events of their tour. June 27, 1836. We came where the remainder of the traders were encamped with the robes; they told us that the Pawnees had passed them the day before; that it was their tenth sleep from the village. We staid with them until morning, when we left and still followed the trail of the Indians up the river some twelve or fifteen miles, where it left the main stream of the Platte and struck south for the Republic fork. The sun had set and the moon was up before we came up with the village. They had encamped on the side of a hill. The fires were burning before each lodge, presenting a beautiful sight. One would imagine himself entering some flourishing village in the east, with the lights beaming from every window. Before we had crossed a small creek at the bottom of the hill on which they were encamped, we were discovered. They knew Mr. Dunbar, and very soon it was known through the camp that ta-pusk, the preacher, had come. We rode through the encampment to the lodge of the first chief, which was on the opposite side from where we entered. Our path was thronged on either side with Indians wishing to shake hands with us. We were very kindly received, and had hardly alighted and given our horses to the women to unsaddle, before we were invited to a feast. We were invited to two others before we could retire. 30. We came to the Republic, and moved a few miles up the river. Towards night the wind began to blow, and there was the appearance of a hard shower. About sunset it began to rain; soon it began to hail, and I think I never experienced such a storm. Some of the hail-stones were larger than a hen's egg. By each taking hold of the skin which covered the lodge, we could make out to keep enough of it over us to keep us dry in a measure. Soon the cry was heard that the water from a ravine which came it; and in a few minutes the water was in just above the camp, was overflowing some three or four inches deep in our lodge. The storm had abated, and all were now on the move for the bluffs, which were about eighty rods from our lodge. For about twenty rods of this distance the water was from two to two and a half feet deep. But we reached the bluffs in safety with all our things. The lodge was again pitched, and we lay down in our wet clothes, with no other covering than our wet blankets, to repose until morning. The evening before the storm they saw buffalo just above the river in great plenty, but in the morning there were no signs of them to be seen, as the Indians said, "The storm had scattered them this way and that way, and they did not know which way they had gone." After spending one day in drying our things, the village moved north again towards the Platte. For several days we kept up between the two rivers. On the eighth of July we came to buffalo, made a hunt, and killed some. We moved a few miles further and found more, killed some on the 11th and 12th. Here the Pawnee Loups came to us. They had not yet killed any buffalo. Soon after they left their village they were met by a war party of Sioux. They had an encounter, and seven of the Sioux and two of the Loups were killed. 16. We encamped on a small creek between the Republic and Platte, and in the afternoon we had a hard shower. Two horses that were tied in front of a lodge which stood next to ours, were killed by lightning. It struck great consternation through the camp. The lodge near which the horses were tied, with all the others in its vicinity, except ours, moved immediately, notwithstanding the rain, to another part of the encampment. 23. We again encamped on the Republic. For three nights while we were here it rained very hard. The Indians gave, as the cause of the rain, that there were mad wolves about; they had come and bit one of the women; and that they would come during the night-season and bite the lodge-pole. Thus do these poor creatures labor under superstition. After proceeding up the Republic for some distance, we again left it for the northwest, and stopped high up between the two rivers on the third of August. Here we remained for some days. The Indians made several hunts, killed meat in plenty, and then turned for the village, at which we arrived on the 30th of August, after seventy-five days absence, and about 630 miles travel. While on our travels, I was called often to see their sick, to whom I administered such remedies for their relief as were in my power, and with very good success. On the 24th of July I was called to see a Loup who had been wounded in the battle with the Sioux twenty days before I saw him. He was wounded in the hip. I found him laboring under a high fever and inflammation. I commenced a course of treatment under which the fever and inflammation yielded; and he was in a fair way for recov ery. A few days after I had commenced attending on him, we were invited to a feast at his lodge. There were several Indians assembled when we arrived; and in the course of the feast one of them made a speech to Mr. D., of which I will give you the substance, as it shows in what light they hold the white man's doctor, as they call the physician of the east. "It is good," said he to Mr. D., "that you came to live among us, and have learned our language, so that you can talk with us; for," said he, "if we are sick you can make us well again; and what disease have we that you cannot cure? This man was dying, and you came to see him and gave him your medicines, and he is now getting well; so it is good that you have come to live with us."-Mr. D. replied to him, that we had come to live with them that we might do them good; and as for this man, he is recovering, and if the Lord is willing he would get well; but that we could not make him well without the will and help of the Lord. They all assented to his remarks, and said it was so. I feel that I have gained some influence, and hope I shall be useful among them. I hope that soon we shall see some of these poor benighted creatures turning to the Lord. now and have nothing to give you, but this winter we will make both of you a robe." I shall leave here in a few days for the village. I shall go in the lodge of the first chief of the Grand Pawnees. I shall be alone, as to the company of the whites, while in the village, and I expect to be alone from here to the village, as I know of no one who is going out. But the Lord will be with me; he will guide and protect me. Before we left home in the spring for our hunt, we formed a church under the name of the Pawnee Mission Church, composed of Mr. and Mrs. Allis, Mr. and Mrs. Mentz, and myself. Mr. D., at the request of the church, became our pastor. We have had two communion seasons, and happy seasons they were to us. Oh that the Lord would own and nurture this branch of the great vine, that it may prosper and bring forth much fruit; that in this fold may be gathered many benighted fellow mortals who now know not the Lord, neither have tasted the dying love of a crucified Redeemer. autumn Mr. Dunbar, after having spent about two years with the Indians, become familiar with their character and habits, and acquired such a knowledge of their language as enabled him to hold intercourse with them freely on common topics, left their country early last and returned to New England agreeable to instructions received from the Committee. He brought with him the manuscript for a small elementary book which he had prepared in the Pawnee language, consisting of twenty-four pages, of which 500 copies have been printed. If Providence shall permit, he will start in a few weeks on his return to his field of labor. Ojibwas. LETTER FROM MR. AYER, DATED AT POKEGUMA, MARCH 10, 1836. THE removal of Mr. Ayer and his associates from Yellow Lake to Pokeguma was mentioned at p. 310 of the last volume. Referring to some Indians, whose case was brought forward in that communication, who had manifested a disposition to erect houses and open fields near the station for the purpose of availing themselves of the aid offered, and of securing the advantages of the religious meetings and the schools, he They understood that Mr. D. was going to the east and would not wander with them this winter; but just as we were getting on our horses, the first chief said to Mr. D., "It is good that Kor-ra-oo (the doctor) should come back soon and go with us this winter. We are poor "adds |