which time they feem to have been gradually fuperfeded by patches of various colours called Apparels, which were accompanied with jewellery, embroidery, figures, and infcriptions, as presently detailed. These golden decorations appear foon after the ninth century. Ethelwulf, 850, gave one "figillata cum Chryfoclavis" (Rock, i. 425). That reprefented in Ethelwold's Benedictional, had a gold Border; and "Albæ bullata" (i.e. with bullion), in 1189, as worn at Peterborough, "Ad Benedictionem Ceræ," and many other fuch of that period are mentioned by Dr. Rock in his first volume. The coloured and highly decorated Albes are described by the Abbé Bock in his fecond volume (Liturgifche Gewänder), and in the various Inventories of the twelfth century, at Sarum, Exeter (Leofric and Grandifon, Oliver's Exeter, Appendix), and S. Paul's (in Dugdale). At Canterbury, 1295, there were fifty-three of linen, with embroidered Apparels, 132 of filk (Dart's Cant. Appendix), besides fixty-four Albes with Amices plain, without Apparels. Thofe, however, of Archbishop Winchelsea are especially noted, as being of the fame colour as the Chafubles, with Apparels, and adorned with pearls and various figures. The Albe was originally, and ftill continues to be white and of fine linen, but as early as the fixth century the Albes for Dignitaries and Ministers of the Altar, and to be used in Festivals, were often of filk or famit, a kind of rich fatin), or of velvet, and of various colours fuitable to the Seafon or Festival. The material may be of filk as well as of linen. Thofe given by Ethelwulf, were entirely of filk (Holofericas). These filk Albes (XiTWVIEV) are also worn in the Greek Church, and of different colours, mainly blue. In the original Ordo Romanus (Hittorp, I. p. 56), the Subdeacons are faid to be attired in linen or filk Albes, "lineis aut fericis albis." Brithwold, Bishop of Salisbury, had a moft precious Albe of filk (William of Malmesbury, De Glafton. Gale, iii. 325.) In Dart's " "Canterbury" (1295), five Albes of filk, a fixth linen, adorned with gold. Radulfus of Rochester gave (1114) to that Church a precious Albe with Amice with precious ftones inferted. William de Longchamp gave to Ely (1197) an Albe of filk. William the Saint gave to Shirburne Abbey (circa 1150) twelve Albes, one of diaper embroidered with gold, another of pure filk, another of buckram (fine linen). Abbot Benet (A.D. 1184) gave to Peterboro, five linen Albes and three of filk which had red parures (Sparke, p. 100). Richard of London, gave (A.D. 1270) an Albe of red famit with figures in gold. In 1222 Salisbury had eight Albes of filk. At Canterbury in 1321 were twenty-three filk Albes, fome embroidered, fome plain, fome of famit, moftly of white filk, befides those of linen. Dr. Bock (ii. 33) gives a list of a vast many of these "Albæ paratæ❞ in Germany and elsewhere. In the thirteenth and later centuries the Albes were fometimes partially or entirely of coloured material, either red, green, blue, or even black, and in the fifteenth century they were fometimes of velvet. Bishop Marshall (1181) gave to Exeter Cathedral two Albes of Indian (i.e. Indigo or sky blue) colour embroidered, with one Amice of the fame; his fucceffor, Brewere (1224), feveral Albes of filk, and another with Apparels of gilt flowers and leaves. In 1327 James of Berkeley, Bishop, gave to the Church "Par Veftimentorum," a fuit which had an Albe with its Amice fplendidly adorned with pearls of a large fize. These Albes of coloured filk, with richly adorned Amices were used as late as 1750 at Angers, and other places in France (De Moleon, p. 95); one of thefe is mentioned with a girdle. In the Wills of the Northern Counties, published by the Surtees Society, (Parti. pp. 2, 13,) Bishop Gulford (1140) gave ten embroidered Albes, two of famit, one red, another black with large gilded "orariis," probably stripes; also a red one; alfo three Albes of cloth of gold of Indigo (i. e. Indici) colour, embroidered with birds and fruits. In 1236 Alexander gave twelve Albes, whofe ground was black. When Poore, when Bishop of Durham, died, two Albes were used: one was black and embroidered. The Inventories at Sarum, 1222, mention eight Albes of filk, one Albe of buckram (i.e. fine linen), with Apparel embroidered with lions. A linen Albe with Apparel of three gold laces, five old Albes with Apparels, old Albes without Apparels. A vaft many of filk of different colours embroidered with gold, colours, and figures, and of various hues, with Apparels, are enumerated. The Inventories of Leofric, Bishop (1050), fpeak of Vestments of white famit with an Albe of filk. So that of Grandiffon (1327) in Oliver's Exeter (Appendix). So in those of S. Paul's, London, (1295), in Dugdale, and at Canterbury (1297 and 1315) in Dart. In all of these last Inventories (except Canterbury, where the Albes plain are mentioned in a lump), none but Albes which have Apparels or ornaments are specially enumerated. In these latter Inventories the Albe, Amice, Maniple, and Stole are claffed together in fuits of the fame colour. It The material of the Albe is not defined by the Anglican Rule. may therefore be of filk or other material as well as linen if thought defirable. The Priest at celebration is to wear "a white Albe plain; " but as to the Affiftants and the Bishop, neither the colour nor the absence of ornament is mentioned. The use of the Albe and its Belt is of the most remote antiquity. It may be seen in the most ancient mofaics at Rome and Ravenna. By the fourth Council of Carthage (A.D. 398), it was to be worn by Deacons. S. Jerome (ad Fabiolam) speaks of it, "of linen coming down to the heels, with tight arms, adhering to the body like the fhirts of the foldiery, adapted to the |