Arundel, who dying without issue, his sisters Joanna, widow of William Beauchamp, Lord Abergavenny; Elizabeth, wife of Sir Gerard Ufflete, also mother of John Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk, and Margaret, wife of Sir Rowland Lenthal; inherited each a third of the Barony of Lewes. Edmund, son of Sir Rowland Lenthal, dying without issue, the two other families acquired each a half of this lordship.

In 1392, Sir John Falvesley was buried on the left hand of the image of St. Pancras, in Lewes Priory.

PLATE LXXXII.

Lewes Priory and Pigeon-House.

THIS pigeon-house has been thought to have been an instance of monkish luxury; it was in the form of a cross, contained three thousand two hundred and twenty-eight holes, hewn out of chalk-stone, and is seen at the left of the plate. In the centre is a large vault and arch, which was quite detached from the refectory. The ruins between the vault and the pigeon-house are the same as described in Plate 81. The ruins to the

right of the vault, although delineated in this view, are now entirely destroyed.

This plate was copied from a drawing in the Burrell collection, taken in the year 1781. The ruins in the fore-ground, at the left, (the remains of the refectory), are nearly in the same state as when this drawing was taken.

The pigeon-house is by some believed to have been erected by the Earls of Dorset, and not to have belonged to the Priory.

PLATE LXXXIII.

South-West View of the Priory of St. Pancras, Lewes.

THIS plate exhibits a south west-view of the mouldering remains of this once-celebrated Priory, which owed its foundation to the munificence and piety of William, Earl of Warren, and his Countess Gundreda. In the year 1076, having undertaken a pilgrimage to Rome, they visited the monastery of Clugni*, on the banks of the Garonne, where,

Henry, the fourth son of the Earl of Blois, by Adela, daughter of William I., was a monk in the monastery of Clugni. Henry I., taking him and Stephen, Earl of Boulogne,

finding it unsafe to prosecute their journey, in consequence of a war then existing between the Emperor and the Pope, they changed their intention, and sojourned at the monastery in that town, which was of the order of St. Benedict, then in high repute for rigid discipline, and for sanctity. In the absence of Hugh, the Abbot, the Earl and his lady were received by the monks with distinguished hospitality; and De Warren, in ad

into great favour, as his nephews, appointed Henry to be Abbot of Glastonbury, and Bishop of Winchester. Upon the usurpation of King Stephen, the Bishop of Winchester sided with the prelates who quarrelled with that prince; and because his brother allowed him no share in the government of the kingdom, Henry, who was then Legate in England, joined the Empress Matilda, and calling a synod at Winchester, declared her Queen and Sovereign of England, by the appointment of the clergy, and she was then acknowledged by the Londoners. He subsequently quarrelled with the Empress, and attempted to seize her person. King Stephen being a prisoner, he then joined his party; the people of Winchester were zealous in the cause of the Empress, who marched to attack the Bishop of Winchester; he set fire to that city, the capital of his own diocese, burning twenty churches, and the nunnery of St. Grimbald. Thus, whatever may have been the austerities which this illustrious monk had, in his youth, practised at Clugni, it is evident, they had not quelled the restless spirit of ambition, which excited him to so much violence on his return to the active affairs of life; yet such was too frequently the warlike demeanour of the wealthy bishops in the middle ages, throughout Europe.

1

miration of the extraordinary devotion of its inmates, and in atonement for his sins, which he had designed to expiate at Rome, resolved on the establishment of a similar community in England. Having therefore made known his intention to the monks, who assured him of their support in laying his proposal before the Abbot, the Earl and Countess com. menced their journey to England. Hugh, however, refused his acquiescence, being unwilling to send his monks into a distant kingdom, of which he knew but little: but the Earl, intent upon his pious scheme, obtained permission of the king and the archbishop to make the intended monastery an alien-house, subject to the jurisdiction of the Abbot of Clugní, and to endow it with lands sufficient for its permanent support. The conditions being made known to the Abbot, he sent four of his monks to Lewes, who arrived there in the year 1077. Sir Lanzo, the first Prior of Lewes, was a monk, who, to good morals and great learning, united an affable, yet dignified deportment, which soon obtained for him the cordial friendship of the Earl. This feeling was speedily manifested by the splendid endowments of Lewes Priory, consisting of lands, manors, and mansions, churches, chapels, tithes, and water-mills, in various counties of England; while the demesne which environed the priory, was amply stored with cattle. In these acts of munificence the Earl of Warren was cordially

seconded by his countess, who bestowed on this infant community the manor of Carleton, which she had received from her mother, Queen Matilda, as a marriage-present, with many other lands and pastures in the vicinity of Lewes.

In the civil dissensions which followed upon the decease of William the Conqueror, the Prior and Monks of Lewes, considering that the life of the founder of their priory might be exposed to frequent danger in the active warfare which he was engaged in, by reason of his great authority in the state, ventured to represent to the Earl, that the charter of their privileges having been sent to Cluni, about the year 1077, five years after the building of the priory had been commenced, A. D. 1072, they had no muniment of the same in their own possession, and possessed no foundation charter, excepting in a foreign abbey; and they accordingly prayed a confirmation of the original deed. Wherefore, A. D. 1087, William de Warren, Earl of Surrey, granted and confirmed to God and St. Peter, and the Abbot and convent of Cluni, the church of St. Pancrace, and to the same St. Pancrace and the Cluniac monks serving God in the same church, for ever; and for the sustentation of the said monks, he confirmed the grants of a mansion called Falemele, and a hide of land in Burgamele (Bormer), the mansion called Carlenton, five hides and an half in Swambergh,