Dynamic Translinear and Log-Domain Circuits: Analysis and SynthesisSpringer Science & Business Media, 31 paź 1998 - 273 Log-domain and translinear filters provide a competitive alternative to the challenges of ever increasing low-voltage, low-power and high frequency demands in the area of continuous-time filters. Since translinear filters are fundamentally large-signal linear, they are capable of realizing a large dynamic range in combination with excellent tunability characteristics. Large-signal linearity is achieved by exploiting the accurate exponential behavior of the bipolar transistor or the subthreshold MOS transistor. A generalization of the dynamic translinear principle exploiting the square law behavior of the MOS transistor is theoretically possible, but not practically relevant. Translinear and log-domain filters are based on the dynamic translinear principle, a generalization of the conventional (static) translinear principle. Besides their application for linear filters, dynamic translinear circuits can also be used for the realization of non-linear dynamic functions, such as oscillators, RMS-DC converters and phase-locked loops. Dynamic Translinear and Log-Domain Circuits: Analysis and Synthesis covers both the analysis and synthesis of translinear circuits. The theory is presented using one unifying framework for both static and dynamic translinear networks, which is based on a current-mode approach. General analysis methods are presented, including the large-signal and non-stationary analysis of noise. A well-structured synthesis method is described greatly enhancing the designability of log-domain and translinear circuits. Comparisons are made with respect to alternative analysis and synthesis methods presented in the literature. The theory is illustrated and verified by various examples and realizations. Dynamic Translinear and Log-Domain Circuits: Analysis and Synthesis is an excellent reference for researchers and circuit designers, and may be used as a text for advanced courses on the topic. |
Spis treści
Introduction | 1 |
Design principles | 7 |
22 Translinear principles based on the exponential law | 15 |
222 Dynamic translinear principle | 18 |
23 Voltagetranslinear principles based on the square law | 22 |
232 Dynamic voltagetranslinear principle | 24 |
Analysis of translinear circuits | 29 |
32 Analysis of dynamic translinear circuits | 36 |
62 Transistor noise sources | 159 |
622 Subthreshold MOS transistor | 162 |
63 Noise in nonlinear circuits | 163 |
64 Noise in static translinear circuits | 165 |
642 Analysis examples | 168 |
65 Noise in translinear filters | 175 |
652 Noise analysis method | 179 |
653 Analysis examples | 180 |
322 Statespace currentmode analysis | 44 |
323 Alternative analysis methods | 51 |
33 Characteristics of different translinear filter classes | 55 |
331 logdomain filters | 56 |
332 tanh filters | 61 |
333 sinh filters | 65 |
Synthesis of translinear circuits | 73 |
41 Overview of the synthesis method | 74 |
42 Translinear transfer functions | 76 |
422 Dynamic transfer functions | 78 |
423 Dimension transformations | 79 |
43 Definition of capacitance currents | 83 |
432 Linear transformations | 86 |
433 Singlestate nonlinear transformations | 89 |
434 General nonlinear transformations | 90 |
44 Translinear function decomposition | 91 |
441 Nonparametric decomposition | 92 |
442 An algorithm for nonparametric decomposition | 96 |
443 Parametric decomposition | 104 |
45 Hardware implementation | 107 |
451 Topology selection and biasing | 108 |
452 Translinear devices | 119 |
46 Alternative synthesis methods for dynamic translinear circuits | 132 |
462 Synthesis based on component substitution | 134 |
463 Synthesis based on Bernoullis differential equation | 135 |
47 ClassAB operation | 136 |
Device nonidealities | 141 |
51 Base currents | 142 |
52 Parasitic resistances | 143 |
53 Body effect | 146 |
54 Early effect | 151 |
55 Parasitic capacitances | 152 |
56 Mismatch | 153 |
Noise | 157 |
61 Definitions of dynamic range and signaltonoise ratio | 158 |
Voltagetranslinear circuits | 191 |
72 Designability | 192 |
74 Characteristics of different voltagetranslinear filter classes | 193 |
Realisations | 197 |
811 Bulk currentmirror | 198 |
812 A sin xcircuit in MOS technology using the backgate | 200 |
813 Highswing cascode MOS current mirror | 203 |
82 A translinear integrator for audio filter applications | 205 |
821 Design of the integrator | 206 |
822 An application example for hearing instruments | 208 |
823 Measurement results | 209 |
83 A 1volt classAB translinear integrator | 211 |
831 Block schematic of the integrator | 213 |
833 Measurement results | 217 |
84 A dynamic translinear RMSDC converter | 218 |
841 Design of the RMSDC converter | 219 |
842 Measurement results | 221 |
85 A 33volt currentcontrolled voltagetranslinear oscillator | 225 |
852 Design of a voltagetranslinear integrator | 226 |
853 Design of the oscillator | 230 |
854 Measurement results | 232 |
Conclusions | 235 |
Additional design examples | 239 |
A11 Distortionless syllabic companding | 240 |
A12 Translinear implementation | 242 |
A13 Simulation results | 245 |
A2 A harmonic mean classAB integrator | 247 |
A21 Capacitance currents | 249 |
A22 Design of the integrator | 250 |
A3 A secondorder lowpass filter | 254 |
A32 Simulation results | 256 |
| 259 | |
| 271 | |
Inne wydania - Wyświetl wszystko
Dynamic Translinear and Log-Domain Circuits: Analysis and Synthesis Jan Mulder Podgląd niedostępny - 1998 |
Kluczowe wyrazy i wyrażenia
analysis method applied back-gate biasing bipolar transistor capacitance currents capacitance voltage capacitor class-AB operation collector currents companding comprising current mirror current source current splitter current-mode dc current depicted in Fig derivative described in Section differential pair drain current DTL principle DVTL dynamic range dynamic translinear emitter equals exponential factor Figure first-order Hence Ibias Ic₁ Ic₂ Icap Iin2 implementation input signal integrator intermediate currents inversion region Iout1 Iout2 linear log-domain filters low-pass filter modulation index MOS transistor node noise sources non-linear nullor output current Iout output stage PNP transistors polynomial realised respectively RMS-DC converter second-order shot noise shown in Fig sinh filters square law state-space description STL and DTL strictly positive supply voltage syllabic companding synthesis method TL circuits TL decomposition TL filters TL loop equation topology transconductance transfer function transformations translinear circuits voltage source voltage swing voltage-translinear yields

