De sacramento matrimonii.

fo. xlij.

Kyrie eleison.

fo. lxij.

Præparatio ad missam, quære ante præfationem. Accidentia missæ, quære post canonem."

Commonly at the beginning of the missals, under the office for the first sunday in advent, general rubrics are inserted for the services throughout the year particular variations affecting these are of course noticed in their proper places.

Let us take the third sunday in advent. The course of the service on that day was; Dominica tertia adventus. Ad magnam missam. Officium (or introit). Gaudete in Domino. Ps. Et pax Dei. Oratio. Aurem tuam. Epistola ad Corinthios. Fratres. Sic nos existimet. Gradale. Qui sedes. W. Qui regis Israel. Alleluia. W. Excita Domine. Sequentia. Qui regis sceptra. Secundum Matthæum. In illo tempore. Cum audisset Johannes. Offertorium. Benedixisti Domine. w. Operuisti omnia. V. Ostende nobis. Secreta. Devotionis nostræ. Pra

fatio quotidiana. Communio. Dicite pusillanimes. Postcommunio. Imploramus Domine.

The rest of the service was to be found in the ordinary and canon, which (I believe I may say) were invariably placed in the middle of the volume, either following the service for easter day or before the sanctorale, that is, the offices for the saints' days. The rubrics which were in that part, with those already mentioned in the service for advent sunday, would supply all the required directions.

I do not think it necessary to extract the service of another day: except in the changes just mentioned they are much the same, and an examination

of the modern Roman missal will sufficiently show to what extent these changes reached.

As has been already stated, the first edition of the Sarum missal was printed in 1489;31 the last (I believe) in folio also, no printer's name,32" 32 "Londini, anno domini M.D.lvij." This has at the beginning a most ample table of contents, not only of the saints' days arranged under each month, but also of the sundays. There is a full collection also of occasional masses, among which are "pro incarcerato, pro temptatione carnis, pro rege et regina, pro quiescentibus in cœmeterio," &c. I do not

mean that these are not also in other editions but notice them to show the value of this, and also that the reader must expect to find such variations as these in the missals which he may happen to meet with some having more, some a less number of votive and occasional masses. In speaking of books so rare in their kind as Salisbury missals it seems almost absurd to speak of a choice of

31 The first edition printed in England was by Julian Notary, folio in the colophon, "Jussu et impensis præstantissimi viri Winkin de Worde. Impressum London. apud Westmonasterium per Iulianum notaire et Iohanem barbier felici numine explicitum est. Anno dñi. M. cccc. lxxxxviij. xx. die mensis Decembris." I have [1846] a copy of this wanting

the first sheet and a sheet in the middle. There is a fine copy in the library of the duke of Sutherland. The next edition was by Pynson, fol. 1504.

A word may be added upon so important a so important a book as the Roman missal. Zaccaria, tom. i. p. 52, mentions the edition of 1477 as the first: but there was an edition before that by Udalric Gallus, 1475, which Mr. Gage, Archæologia, vol. 24. p. 14, speaks of. And again, on the authority of Hain, Repertorium bibl., there were preceding this two without date or place, and one at Venice without date.

32 Most probably by John

Day.

editions: and though in a collection the late ones, of queen Mary's time, are fully as valuable and important for many purposes as the earlier, yet I should myself prefer and have more reliance upon a copy printed before 1545 than after. The folio of 1557 has an additional value from being the last missal of Salisbury use published by authority in England.

The Hereford missal, so far as I have been able to learn, was printed but once: neither do I know of more than four copies, one only of which is perfect. Two are in the Bodleian, another in the library of St. John's college, Oxford, and the perfect copy is in the British museum. The St. John's copy is but a large fragment: one of the two in the Bodleian is upon vellum and wants but a few leaves. The book is a folio, and the following are the title and colophon. Title: "Anno Incarnationis domini secundo supra quingentesimum atque millesimum, die vero prima mensis Septembris, opera et industria M. Petri oliverii et Johannis mauditier Impressorum Rothomagi, juxta sacellum divi apostolorum principis Petri commorantium. Impensa vero Johannis richardi mercatoris: hoc novum et egregium opus sacri Missalis ad usum famosæ ac percelebris ecclesie Helfordensis nuper instanti ac peruigili cura visum correctum et emendatum. Necnon auctoritate reuerendi in Christo patris et domini ejusdem ecclesie epyscopi meritissimi, ac dominorum decani et capituli: est in propatulo venale facile precio coram cunctis productum et exhibitum." Colophon: "Finis Missalis ad vsum celebris ecclesie Helfordensis, summa cura ac vigili opera nuper Impressi Rothomagi cum additione

accentuarii legentibus in ecclesiis valde vtili. Et hoc impensis Iohannis richardi eiusdem Rothomagi civis non immeriti: iuxta ecclesiam diui nicholai commorantis." At sign. A. j, after the calendar and several pages containing directions how to say the collects, the kyries, &c., the short title at the head of the service for advent sunday is, "Incipit missale secundum vsum Herfordensem."

The history of the perfect copy in the library of the British museum is curious. I heard about the year 1854, but scarcely believed, that a Hereford missal was among a number of old books which had belonged for a very long time to the two or three members of the Franciscan order still remaining in England. Upon enquiry the statement proved to be correct. The collection, amounting to some hundreds of volumes, had been kept in the upper room of a small house in Bristol, seldom used and in a neglected condition; so neglected that the Hereford missal was found lying open on the floor with the accumulated dust of many years covering the two exposed pages, which still show the stains. In every other respect the volume is clean, large, and in excellent condition.

The Hereford missal has lately been carefully edited by Dr. Henderson, for the Surtees society.

Of the York missal five editions are extant: but so completely has it also been destroyed that except of two, the 1516 and the 1533, only single copies are believed to remain. These editions are: 1. fol. Peter Olivier, Rouen, 1516. A copy is in the Bodleian, and another not quite perfect (some inside corners of the ordinary and canon being destroyed) in the Cambridge university library. 2. Quarto,

1517. In my possession [1846]. I shall give the full title and colophon of this edition, as it lies before me. Title: "Missale ad vsum celeberrime ecclesie Eboracensis optimis caracteribus nouissime Impressum, cura peruigili maximaque lucubratione mendis quampluribus emendatum, atque in forma portatili marginatum, ere et impensis honestorum virorum guillermi bernard et Jacobi cousin, bibliopolarum Rothomagi degentium ante atrium librariorum maioris ecclesie, atque in ipso atrio e regione curie ecclesiastice. Anno salutis christianæ decimo septimo supra millesimum et quingentesimum, die vero vicesimasexta mensis octobris completum." Colophon: " Ad laudem et gloriam omnipotentis dei et virginis marie ac totius curie celestis, exaratum et completum ac etiam in pristino statu redactum est hoc presens missale ad vsum insignis ecclesie Eboracensis. Opera honesti viri, Magistri Petri oliuier impressoris. Rothomagi commorantis.' 3. Quarto, Johannis Gachet, 1530. In the Bodleian. 4. 4to., Fr. Regnault, Paris, 1533. In the Bodleian, and St. John's college, Cambridge. 5. Fol., Peter Violette, Rothomagi. In the Bodleian. A fragment, one sheet only, of a York missal is in the library of the British museum, which has been long supposed to be of an unknown edition. It is in fact a part of the edition of 1516.

"

I need scarcely add that Dr. Lingard was quite right when he spoke of the York missal as being extremely rare." It is second only to the Hereford. But he is in error when he adds "it is doubtful whether any perfect copy exists, except the one preserved at Cambridge in the library of St. John's college."