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Zeitschrift für Anorganische Chemie.
Vol. lxviii., No. 4, 1910.

Behaviour of Borax towards Zinc Salts in Aqueous
Solution.-Friedrich Borchers. - When cold saturated
borax solutions are precipitated with zinc salts (sulphate or
chloride) the amount of boric acid entering into the pre-
cipitate increases with the concentration of the substances.
The best yields of zinc borate are obtained if the solution
of zinc salt is poured into the borax solution, and the borax
is present in slight excess. Zinc sulphate or chloride must
be used in as concentrated a form as possible, or in the
solid state. From cold saturated solutions of borax the
highest percentage of borax precipitated as zinc borate was
38.6 per cent. With supersaturated borax solution or with
solid borax, zinc borate precipitates containing up to 83 per
cent of the boric acid in the solution can be obtained.
For pure borax solutions an excess of the precipitating
reagent causes a diminished yield of zinc borate. Thus
zinc borate is soluble in zinc sulphate, complex salts being
formed. Other salts also act as solvents; e.g., sodium
chloride and magnesium chloride. Manganese chloride
and sulphate also precipitate boric acid. By the addition
of caustic soda OH-ions were introduced; these lowered
the H-ion concentration of the zinc sulphate, and thus
raised the borate concentration, but at the most only
70 per cent of the borax in the solution could be pre-
cipitated. If the zinc borate is removed by filtration and
the filtrate is neutralised with caustic soda, and again pre-
cipitated with zinc salt solution, by repeating the process
several times 94 per cent of the borax can be separated
from the solution. Only very little borate is formed when
free carbon dioxide is present in the cold saturated borax
solution; if sodium carbonate is present the amount of
precipitate is increased, but does not reach that obtained
with an equivalent quantity of caustic soda. If caustic
soda is added to solutions containing soda the solvent
action of the zinc carbonate is diminished, and the
tion of borate is increased. In borax solutions containing
other salts, e.g., NaCl and Na2SO4, besides Na2CO3, an
excess of zinc salt is necessary in order to precipitate the
greatest possible amount of borate.

regarded as dissolved water and tremolite as a solid solution. A diopside from altered limestone contained I per cent of water, and behaved in practically the same way. Kupferrite and a specimen of beryl contained 3.8 and 2.5 per cent of water, which they gave up only very slowly at a comparatively high temperature (400-800°) without losing their homogeneity. It was not found possible to remove the water altogether. All these minerals show important resemblances to zeoliths, but differ from them in one way, viz., they do not give true equilibrium with water vapour at a low temperature. Fresh analyses show that all amphiboles contain water and also hornblendes, though in smaller quantity. Probably the amphiboles contain dissolved water as a characteristic constituent, and are

solid solutions.

Quartz as a Geological Thermometer.-Fred Eugene Wright and Esper S. Larsen.-Quartz is capable of giving at least one, and possibly two, points for the geological thermometer scale, for when heated to 575° it undergoes an enantiotropic transformation into a second phaseMugge's 3 quartz-while at 800° it is no longer stable at the ordinary pressure, but passes over into cristoballite. The transition-point of and 3 quartz is determined by observing the sudden change of double refraction, circular polarisation, and coefficient of expansion at this temperature. The most accurate optical determinations fix the transition temperature at 575° ±2. Crystallographic experiments enable a quartz which has been heated above 575° to be distinguished from one which has never reached this temperature.

Binary System of Alumina with Silicic Acid, Lime, and Magnesia.-E. S. Shepherd and G. A. Rankin.— Thermic experiments show that there is only one compour.d of aluminium and silicic acid (Al2SiO5) which is stable in contact with the melt; this is the mineral sillimanite. forma-Andalusite and cyanite both go slowly over into sillimanite at 1300°. Four different compounds of aluminium and lime exist, viz. :-3CaO.Al2O3, 5ČaO.3Al2O3 of melting-point 1383°, CaO.Al2O3 of melting-point 1592°, and 3CaO.5Al2O3. The first and last of these have no true melting-point, but the former is completely fused at 1555° and the latter at about 1730°. Two of these compounds, 5CaO.3Al2O3 and 3Ca0.5Al2O3, have each an unstable form, while 3CaO.Al2O3, and probably 3Ca0.5Al2O3, are unstable at the melting-point. It is probable that only 3CaO.Al2O3 and 5Ca0.3Al2O3 are present in Portland cement. Only one compound of alumina and magnesia exists, viz., MgO.Al2O3. Probably in the system MgO-CaO no compounds are present.

Silver-sodium Alloys.-E. Quercigh.-From the study of the solidification curves of silver sodium alloys it is found that the two metals are miscible in all proportions in the liquid state. No compound is formed. There is a eutectic situated quite close to the sodium axis. The shape of the curve of the primary crystallisation shows that there is a tendency to form a compound, but when formed it must dissociate in the melt. Silver can dissolve up to 13 atoms per cent of sodium in the solid state.

Phosphorus Oxychloride as a Cryoscopic Solvent. -P. Walden.-Determinations of the freezing-point of pure phosphorus oxychloride show that this constant is incorrectly stated even in the standard text-books; it is neither 1782° nor -15°, but lies above o°. By fractional distillation and crystallisation a melting-point of +125° can easily be reached. Its cryoscopic constant is K = 76.8 (as compared with 69 given by Oddo). Using these new constants the molecular weights of iodine chloride, iodine cyanide, nitric acid anhydride, perchloric acid anhydride, and perosmic acid anhydride (osmium tetroxide) were

Equilibria in Lead Hydroxide Precipitations.-W. Herz.-The author tabulates the values of the constant of the law of mass action for the equation PbCl2 + 2KOH ← Pb(OH)2+2KCl, and also the constants when ammonia and methylamine are used as the precipitating bases.

MEETINGS FOR THE WEEK.

determined, and it was found that phosphorus oxychloride MONDAY, Jan. 2nd.-Society of Chemical Industry, 8. "Determinais a dissociating medium, in which all these substances are contained in monomolecular solution; i.e., as CII, CNI, N2O5, Cl207, and O-04.

TUESDAY, Jan. 3rd.
THURSDAY,
5th.
SATURDAY,
7th.

tion of Sucrose (Cane-sugar) in Sugar Factory Products by Clerget's Process using Invertase as Hydrolyst," by J. P. Ogilvie. Testing of Incandescent Mantles," by J. H. Coste and W. E. F. Powney. "Radiation Errors in Flow Calorimeters," by J. H. Coste and B. R. James. Royal Institution, 3. (Christmas Lectures, adapted to a Juvenile Auditory). "Sound, Musical and Non-musical" (a Čourse of Experimental Acoustics), by Prof. Silvanus P. Thompson, F.R.S., &c.

Rôle of Water in Tremolite and some other Minerals.-E. T. Allen and J. K. Clement.-The investigation of different specimens of natural tremolite showed that they all contained from 17 to 25 per cent of water. This water is gradually given up as the temperature is raised without any loss of homogeneity and with only a very slight change in the optical properties. Thus the WEDNESDAY, 4th.-Royal Society of Arts, 5. water is not chemically bound, although the powdered mineral is not completely dehydrated at 900°. It must be

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(Juvenile Lectures). "A Study of Splashes, conducted by the Aid of Instantaneous Photography," by Prof. A. M. Worthington, C.B., F.R.S.

INDEX.

ABERDEEN University, 143

Aberystwyth, University College
of Wales, 136

Abney, Sir W. de W., colour
blindness and the trichro-
matic theory of colour vision,
312

Academic status of the F.I.C.,
292

Acetate, ferric, containing pyri
dine, 293

Acetates, ferric, 197
Aceto-pyridine iron base and basic

ferric acetate containing pyri-
dine, 293

Acetone derivatives of d-fructose,
9

Acetylene, adsorption by palla-
dium, 329

critical constants of, 162
reducing to amorphous carbon,
270

Acetylenic compounds, hydro-
genation, 132

Acid systems and salts, apparent
hydration values of, deduced
from a study of the hydrolytic
activities of acids, 316
arsenic, determination in arsen-
ious acid by means of mag-
nesium mixture, 320
benzoic, ketones derived from,
71

rotation of menthyl esters of
alkyloxy- and alkylamino de-
rivatives of, 256
a-bromocamphor--sulphonic,
and externally compensated
pavine, resolution, 301
camphoric, synthesis, 327
d- and -camphor-6-sulphonic,
rotatory powers of salts of,
with d- and l-pavine, 301
chloric, reduction of, 280
coumarinic, constitution, 280
diazoamidotetrazolic. 210
aß-dibenzylaminopropionic, 242
1:7-dibenzyltetrahydrouric, 242
a8-dibromobutyric, action of

bases on, 242
35-dichlorophthalic, 247
d-dimethoxysuccinic, optically
active derivatives of, 241
hexahydrophenylglycolic, 60
hydrazoic, triazol and tetrazol
from, 293

hydrocyanic, combination with
keten, 267

in vegetable and animal tis-
sues, quantitative estimation,

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potassium permanganate, 9
metaphosphoric, hydration, 305
methoxysuccinic, optically ac-
tive, from malic acid, 241
1-methoxysuccinic, optically

active derivatives of, 241
methyltrimesic, conversion of

ethyl-6-methyl-2-pyrone-35-
dicarboxylate, 242
4-oximinocyclohexanecarboxylic,
optically active salts of, 266
pentane-aßd-tricarboxylic, 46
perchloric, as a reagent in or-
ganic chemistry, 12
permanganic, and perman.
ganates, auto-decomposition,

245

perphosphoric, and phospho-
monoperacid, 12
persulphuric, dynamics of de-
composition in aqueous solu-
tion, 280
phenylacetic, ketones derived
from, 71

phosphoric, estimating, 255
silicic, lime and magnesia,
binary system of alumina
with, 330

stearolic, isomers of, 60
sulphurous, as etching material
for metallographic purposes,
246

chloride and esters of, action
of organo-magnesium com-
pounds on, 12
tartaric, determination, 50
tetrahydrouric, synthesis, 35
Acids, activity as catalysts in

relation to nature of solvent
medium, 327

Friedel and Craft's reaction
with chlorides of unsaturated,
63,79

of stearolic series, partial hy-
drogenation, 36
photochemical decomposition,

197

benzenetetracarboxylic, consti-
tution 256
carboxylic, of cyclohexanone
and derivatives, 266
preparation of secondary amines
from, 314
a-chloro- a phenylpropionic,
conversion of optically active
a-hydroxy-a-phenylpropionic
acids into, 326
chromopolysulphuric, colloidal
nature of, 47

fatty, apparatus for distillation
in vacuum of cathode light, 20

a-hydroxy- a -phenylpro-
pionic, conversion of optically
active into a-chloro-a-phenyl-
propionic acids, 326
a-hydroxy-3-phenyl propionic,
interconversion of optically
active, 47

monobasic, action of ether salts
of fatty, on monosodium de-
rivative of benzyl cyanide, 162
ortho-, pyro, and meta-phos-
phoric, mutual conversion
into one another on heating,
197

sulphinic, intermolecular con-
densation of aromatic 315
Acridinium salts, structure of,

277

Acrolein, preparation, 210
Actinium, constituents of induced
activity, 149
Adhicary, B. B., and P. Neogi.
(See Neogi, P.)
Aeby, J., "Dangerous Goods "
(review), 292

Aeronautics, apparatus for re-
search in. 22
Agricultural field trials, error of
experiment in, 180
Air, action on coal, 72

action on iron and steel, 46
electric stress at which ionisa-
tion begins in, 303
electrification by flame of car-
bon monoxide and radium
rays, 71

liquids obtained by action on
coal, 84

of coal-mines, presence of car-
bon monoxide in, 292
Albert Medal award to Mdme.
Curie, 24, 294
Alcohol, shellac in, 66
Alcohols and phenols, catalytic
preparation of mixed oxides
of, 185

aromatic, and their acetates,
preparation, 273
hydroaromatic, conversion into
corresponding phenols, 72
obtained by condensing second-
ary alcohols with their sodium
derivatives, 24

photochemical decomposition,
197

preparing thiols from by
catalysis, 59
Aldebaranium and cassiopeium
or lutecium and neo-ytter-
bium, 87
wave-length measurements in
visible part of arc spectra of,

157
Aldehyde, a-bromocrotonic, 71
Aldehydes, photochemical decom-
position, 197
Aldridge, M., and F. D. Chatta-
way. (See Chattaway, F. D)

Alexander, F. W.. "Metropolitan
Borough of Poplar, Annua
Report (review). 329
Alkali sulphates, solubility in
solutions containing alkali at
25°, 234

Alkalis, action on derivatives of
coumarin, 33
saponification by, 23

Alkaline saponification of glycerin
t initrate, 46

solution, use of potassium ferri-
cyanide in, for determination
of arsenic, antimony, and tin,
198

for determination of vanadium
and chromium, 234
sulphates, solubility of silver
sulphate in, 70

Alkaloid of pseudocinchona Afri
cana, 23
Alkaloids and salts, relation be-
tween specific rotatory power
of, 46

Alkyl compounds of tin, 257
derivatives of ethyl 8-imino-a-
cyanoglutarate, 45

Allen, E. T., and J. K. Clement,
role of water in tremolite and
other minerals, 330
Allotropy or transmutation ? 153
Alloys, apparatus for determining
volume-changes of, at melting
and freezing of, 22
failure of light engineering, 21
thermo-electricity of, 108
Allylcarbinol, ethyl ether of, 24
Aloïnose, 17

crystallised, 96

Alumina, binary system with
silicic acid, lime, and mag-
nesia, 330

oxide in Florida phosphates,
determination, 25

Aluminium alloys, failure of, 21
amalgam, oxidation, 79
and sodium peroxide mixtures
experiments with, 169
nitride, 174

phosphate, spectroscopic in-
vestigation of nature of car-
riers of positive electricity
from heated, 269
silver alloys, electrical pro-
perties of, 132

sulphate, catalytic reactions in
wet way, using, 185
Amides in aqueous solution, 266
molecular complexity in various
solvents, 257, 266
viscosity of, 242

Amines, secondary, condensation
with y-bromodimethyl acetic
ether, 36

preparation from carboxylic
acids, 314
Amino-coumarins, colour and con-
stitution, 34

4-8 Aminoethylglyoxaline, 327
Amino-ketones, conversion of 2:5-
and 2:6-substituted pyrazines
into, 291

Ammonia, action on glycide aryl
ethers, 256

on mercurous chloride, 198
and methylamines, determining,
60

and thorium chloride, com.
pounds, 185

determination of methylamine
in presence of, 162
Ammonium nitrite, preparation

by sublimation in a vacuum
of ammonium chloride and
akali nitrites, 316
André, E., acetylenic ketones, 149
Andrew Carnegie Research

Scholarship, 258
Anhydride, maleic, action of Grig-
nard reagents on, 241
Anhydrides, acid, rate of hydra-
tion, 241
Aniline and its homologues, ab-

sorption spectra as vapours,
as liquids, and in solution,
240

salts,

hydrolysis, measured
colorimetrically, 277
black and allied compounds,
277
Animal tissues, quantitative est!-

mation of hydrocyanic acid
in, 29
Animals, domestic, of Uganda,
trypanosome diseases of, 10
infected with trypanosomes,
experiments on treatment of,
313
Anthraquinone, action of ortho-
and para-anisyl magnesium
bromides on, 70

Antimony and tin, separation by
distillation, 245

compounds, aromatic, 9, 267
derivatives, aromatic, 21
determination, IoI

use of potassium ferricyanide
in alkaline solution for, 198
Apparatus, extraction, 129 278
for commercial production of
ozone, 207

for determination of equivalents
of metals and estimation of
carbon dioxide, 90

for determining volume-changes
at melting and freezing of
metals and alloys, 22

for distillation of fats and fatty
acids in vacuum of cathode
light, 20

for observing

behaviour of

metals under strain, 22
for preparation of pure argon
and nitrogen, 48

for production of circularly
polarised light, 189

for research in aeronautics, 22
Appleby, M. P., Viscosity of salt
solutions, 266
Arbusow, A. E., new method of

preparing nitriles of fatty
series, 329
Arbutin, preparation of true, 185
Ardern, E., W. T. Lockett, and

G. J. Fowler. (See Fowler,
G. J.)
Argon, modifications of metals
produced by electric pulver-
isation in liquid, 48
power of forming compounds,
48

preparation, 318

of pure, 48

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Arnaud, A., and S. Posternak, | Baker, J. L, and H. F. E.
isomerisation of oleic acid by
displacement of the double
bond, 82

partial hydrogenation of acids
of stearolic series 36
two new isomers of stearolic
acid, 60
Arsenic, determination, use of
potassium ferricyanide in
alkaline solution for, 198
quantitative volatilisation of, 12
hydride, synthesis from its ele-
ments, 329
Arup, P. S., and T. Purdie. (See
Purdie, T.)

Aryl compounds of tin, 257

athers of glycerol a-mono-
chlorohydrin, preparation, 256
Ashdown, Olive E., and J. T.

Hewitt, by-products of alco-
holic termentation, 34
Atack, F. W., and E. Knecht.
(See Knecht, E.)
Atkinson, H. M., modified separa-

tory funnel and washer for
heavy liquids, 308
Atmosphere, composition after

passage of Halley's comet, 70
Atmospheric oscillations, 299
potential, electrostatic volt-

meter for photographic re-
cording of, 300
Atoms, number of electrons in,
29, 163

Atomic theory, development of,
I, 223

volumes of elements before and

Hulton, estimation of lactose
in presence of commonly oc-
curring sugars, 254
Balance scale, red lines for, 56
Westphal, 43
Balareff, D, hydration of meta-
phosphoric acid, 305
mutual conversion of ortho-,
pyro-, and meta-phosphoric
acids into one another on
heating, 197
Balke, C. W., atomic weight of
tantalum, 295

Ball, W. C., compounds produced

by simultaneous action of
nitrites and hyposulphites on
nickel salts, 328
estimation of sodium

and

casium as bismuthi-nitrites,
34

Baly, E. C. C., W. B. Tuck, and
Effie, G. Marsden, relation
between absorption spectra
and chemical constitution, 33
Bamford, Hannah, and J. L.
Simonsen, constitution

of
benzenetetracarboxylic acids,

256
Banerjee, M. N., apparatus for
determination of equivalents
of metals and estimation of
carbon dioxide, 90
investigation into causes of dif-
ferences in action of sodium
and potasssium on water, 319
S. C.,and G. Clarke, jun. (See
Clarke, G., jun.)

after combination, relations Bangor, University College of
between, 256

weight of mercury, 231, 235
of radium emanation, 119
of tantalum, 295
of tellurium, 210

of vanadium II, 197
values, repeating figures in,

228

weights of nitrogen and sulphur,
30

of oxygen and silver, 197

report of committee on, 199
Attraction constant of a molecule

of a compound and its chemi-
cal properties, 167
Auger, V., sodium manganate and
its hydrates, 149
Auld, S. J. M., occurrence of

osyritrin (violaquercitrin) in
Osyris abyssinica. 19
Austenweil, G., and G. Cochin,

relations between molecular
constitution and odour, 96
causes of odour of geranium,
185
Australia, Western, tantalum and
niobium in, 216
Autoxæmia and infection, 18
Autumn tints and leaf decay, 213
Auwers, K., and W. A. Roth,

relations between constitution

and heat of combustion of
unsaturated hydrocarbons, II
Avocado pear, results on examina-
tion of, 61
Azo-compounds, nitrated, 33
Azobenzene and benzylaniline
mixtures, 30
Azoimides of acetoacetic series,
241

Azomethineazo-dyes, 290

BACKE, E., isomaltol, 149

Bacon, W., C. F. Cross, and

E. J. Bevan. (See Cross,
C. F.)
Bacteria, oxidation of phenol by,
289

Bagster, L. S., improved mouth
blowpipe, 89

and B. D. Steele. (See Steele,
B. D.)

Bain, Alice M., and W. H. Mills.
(See Mills, W. H.)
Bairstow, Mr., and Dr. Stanton.
(See Stanton, Dr.)

North Wales, 136

Barbieri, G, A., and J. Calzolari,
new compounds of tetravalent
cerium, 293

Barger, G., and H. H. Dale, 4-ß
aminoethylglyoxaline

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iminazolylethylamine) and the
other active principles of
ergot, 327

and A. J. Ewins, some phenolic
derivatives of B-phenylethyl-
amine, 300

Barlow, W., and W. J. Pupe, re-

lation between crystal struc-
ture and chemical composi-
tion, constitution, and con-
figuration of organic sub-
stances, 302
Barre, M., decomposition of
thorium sulphate by means of
water, 149
double sulphates of thorium,
84

solubility of silver sulphate in
alkaline sulphates, 70
thorium sulphate, 162
Barrett, E., study of dissociation

of salts of hydroxylamine in
aqueous solution, 281
Bateman, Capt. H. R., Col. Sir
D. Bruce, and Capts. A. E.
Hamerton and F. P. Mackie.
(See Bruce, Col. Sir D.)
Battersea Polytechnic, 147
Baubigny, H., constitution of

dithionates and sulphites, 24
Baud, E., and L. Gay, tempera-
tures of crystallisation of
binary mixtures, 96
Bauer, E., and A. Haller.
Haller, A.)
Baume, G, and E. Cardoso. (See
Cardoso, E.)

(See

Beadle, C., and H. P. Stevens,
analyses of hevea latex, 318
Beckett, E. G, determination of
antimony, IOI
Beckmann, E., and P. Waentig,
cryoscopic determinations at
low temperatures, 107
Béhal, A, new tertiary glycol,

171

Belfast Municipal Technical In-
stitute, 148

Queen's University, 145
Benzene, cyclohexane, separation
from, and estimation in mix-
tures containing, 256
derivatives, morphological stud-
jes of, 8

Benzene derivatives, relation of
nitroamines to substitution in,
203, 214

sulphonic derivatives of 1:4-
di-derivatives of, containing
halogens, 8
Benzine, testing, 66.

as - Benzoylethyl-1: 4-naphthyl-
enediamine, diazo deriva-
tives of, 33
Benzoyloscine, resolution of, 266
Benzylaniline and azobenzene

mixtures, 30
Benzyl cyanide, action of ether
salts of fatty monobasic acids
on monosodium derivative of,
162

Berg, A., action of silver oxide
on elaterine, 24
Berl, E., and M. Delpy, alkaline
saponification of glycerin tri-
nitrate, 48

quantitative colorimetric de-
termination of traces of hydro-
cyanic acid, 48
Berry, A. J., and F. Soddy. (See
Soddy, F.)

Bertheaume, J., chloroplatinates

and periodides of di- and tri-
methylamine, 24
determination of methylamine
in presence of ammonia, 162
new method of determining the
three methylamines and am-
monia, 60

Berthelot, D., and H. Gaudechon,
chemical actions of ultra-
violet rays on gases, 71
effects of ultra-violet rays on
gases, 59

mechanism of photochemical
reactions and formation of
vegetable principles, 185
oxidising effects of the ultra-
violet rays on gases, 72
photochemical decomposition of
alcohols, aldehydes, acids, and
ketones, 197

syntheses of hydrates of carbon
from carbon dioxide and
water in absence of chloro-
phyll, 96

Berthold, E., and A. Wohl. (See
Wohl, A.)
Bertrand, G., and G. Weisweiller,

constitution of vicianose, 174
Besson, A., and L. Fournier,
action of hydrogen on sulphur
chloride and thionyl chloride
under influence of silent dis-
charge, 131

of silent discharge on chloro-
form and carbon tetrachlor-
ide in presence of hydrogen
and on methyl chloride, 36
on ethyl aldehyde in presence
of hydrogen, 60
Bevan, E. J., C. F. Cross, and

W. Bacon. (See Cross, C. F.)
Bevan, P. V., dispersion of light
by potassium vapour, 18
Béys, C., determination of tartaric
acid, 50

new method of determining
glycerin in wines, 149
Bierry, H, V. Henri, and A.

Ranc, action of ultra-violet
rays on carbohydrates, 174
Biltz, H., carbon nitrogen bond,

210

and C. Kircher, tantalum sul-
phide, 210

W., chemical composition of
Stassfurth salt deposit, 257
Binary mixtures, temperatures of
crystallisation, 96
Birkbeck College, 147, 162
Birmingham University, 138
Bismuthi-nitrites, estimation of
sodium and cæsium as, 34
Blackburn Municipal Technical
College, 148
Blanc, G., and F. Thorpe.
(See Thorpe, J. F.)
Blanquies, L., constituents of in-
duced activity of actinium,
149

Bleaching powder, researches on,
290

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23

A.

Blockley, J. R., J. B. Cohen,
H. M. Dawson, and
Woodmansey. (See Cohen,
J B.)
Blondel, M., G. Urbain, and M.

Obiedoff. (See Urbain, G.)
Blowpipe, improved mouth, 89
Bloxam, W. P., and A. G. Per-

kin, indirubin, 33
Bodroux, F., action of ether salts

of fatty monobasic acids on
monosodium derivative of
benzyl cyanide, 162

and F. Taboury, synthesis of
aromatic nitriles, 60
Bolas, B. D., Glass-blowing Ap
plied to Laboratory Work"
(review), 329

Bone, W. A., report on gaseous
combustion, 259, 271, 284, 297,
307, 323

and H. F. Coward, direct union
of carbon and hydrogen, 19
Bonnerot, S., and G. Charpy.
(See Charpy, G.)
Bonney, I. G., 152

Presidential Address to British
Association, 109

Books, Reviews and Notices of-
"Academic Addresses, Two,"

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23

"Battersea Polytechnic Mag-
azine," 233
"Bitumens, Solid,"
"British Journal Photographic
Almanac, 191" 328
"Chelsea, South-Western Poly-
technic Institute, Calendar
and Prospectus," 329
"Bromine, Production in the
Potash Industry," II
"Brownian Movement and the
Real Existence of Mole-
cules," 184

"Cailletet, L. P., Academic
Jubilee of," 59

"Chemical Constitution and

some Physical Properties,
Relations between." 244
"Chemicals, Merck's," 41
"Chemistry, Analytical," 318
"Chemistry, Engineering," 318
"Chemistry, Inorganic, First

Year's Course of," 209
"Chemistry, Organic, Funda-

mental Conceptions of,"
185
"Chemistry, Physical," 245
"Chemistry, Physical, Theory

and Practice, Text-book
of," 233
"Chemistry, Practical, Manual
of Elementry," 233
"Continent, Tourist Guide to,"
23

"Dangerous Goods," 292
"Drugs and Medicines, Intro-

duction to the Analysis of,"

328
"Dyeing, Theory of," 36
"Electricity, Conduction

of

through Gases and Radio-
activity," 245
"Electro-metallurgy, Treatise

on," 222
"Elements, The," 184
"Encyclopædia

182

Britannica,"

"Explosives, Annual Report of
His Majesty's Inspectors
of," 209
"Fertilisers and Feeding Stuffs,"
70

"Fertilisers for Wheat Soils,"

120

"Gases, Conduction of Elec-
tricity through, and Radio-
activity," 245

"Gases, Theory of Ionisation
of, by Collision," 233
"Geology. Chemical, Principles
of," 292
"Glass-blowing Applied to
Laboratory Work," 329
"International Language and
Science," 11

"Le Jubilé Académique de
Monsieur L. P. Cailletet,"

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"Molecules, Brownian Move-
ment and the Real Existence
of," 184

"Oil," 120
"Patents, Compulsory Working
and Revocation of," 48
"Pharmacopoeia, Extra," 270
"Physical Properties, Relations

between Chemical Consti-
tution and some," 244
"Platinum Resistance Thermo-

metry at High Tempera-
tures," II
"Poplar, Metropolitan Borough

of, Annual Report," 329
"Potash Industry, Production
of Bromine in," II
"Radio-activity, Conduction of

Electricity through Gases
and," 245
"Radio-chemistry," 23
"Sanitation, Practical," 120
Science, International Lan.
guage and," II

"Spectra, Spark, of the Metals,"

120

"Thermometry, Platinum Re-
sistance, at High Tempera-
tures, II
"Water Board, Metropolitan,

Annual Report and Re-
search Report," 270
"Wheat Soils, Fertilisers for,"

120

Boon, A. A., and F. J. Wilson,
study of unsaturated com-
pounds containing tert -
butyryl group, 256
Borax, behavior towards zinc

salts in aqueous solution, 330|
Borchers, F., behaviour of borax

towards zine salts in aqueous
solution, 330
Borde, G. U., manufacture of

ethyl alcohol from sawdust,

41

Boron trichloride, action of

organo - magnesium com -
pounds on, 12
Borough Polytechnic Institute,
147, 318
Bottomley, W. B., fixation of

nitrogen by free living soil
bacteria, 155
Bourquelot, E., and M. Bridel,
verbascose, 318

and A. Fichtenholz, glucoside
in leaves of pear tree, 149
Boyd, D. R., action of ammonia
on glycide aryl ethers, 256
and E. R. Marle, new method
for preparation of aryl ethers
of glycerol a-monochloro-
hydrin, 256
and G. G. Henderson.
Henderson, G. G.)

(See

Bradford, City of, Technical Col-
lege, 138

Bradley, C. E., and H. V. Tartar,
further studies of reactions of
lime-sulphur solution and
alkali waters on lead arsenates
62
Brady, O. L., and S. Smiles, intra-
molecular rearrangement of
diphenylamine orthosulph-
oxides, 241
Brame, J. S. S., power gas and
its development, 208
Bramley, A., and G. T. Morgan.
(See Morgan, G. T.)
Brass, sulphur in, determination,

52

Brewing industry, economic use
of coal in, 209

Bridel, M., and E. Bourquelot.
(See Bourquelot, E.)
Briner, E., and A. Wroczynski,
chemical effects of high pres-

sures, 70

effect of temperature and pres-
sure on cyanogen, 174
Bristol Merchant Venturers'
Technical College, 138
University, 137
British Association, Chemical
Section, President's address,

121

honours conferred upon scienti-
fic men at Sheffield Uni-
versity, ISI

President's address, 109
wines, composition, 317
Bromide, mercuric compounds,
ammoniacal, 245

Bromine, addition to unsaturated
compounds, 315

solutions, colour and constitu-
tion, 281

Broniewski, W., electrical pro-

perties of aluminium-silver
alloys, 132
Bronze, sulphur in, determina-

tion, 52

Brown, G. E., "The British

Journal Photographic Al-
manac, 1911" (review), 328
J. A., note on Kjeldahl estima-
tion of nitrogen in fatty sub-
stances, 51

J. C., apparatus for distillation
of fats and fatty acids in
vacuum of cathode light,

20

Browning, P. E., and H. E.
Palmer, gravimetric deter-
mination of vanadium as
silver vanadate, 306
Bruce, Col. Sir D., and Capts.

A. E. Hamerton, H. E. Bate-
man and F. P. Mackie, try.
panosome diseases of domes-
tic animals in Uganda, 10
Brunel, L., conversion of hydro-

aromatic alcohols into corre-
sponding phenols, 72
cyclohexanetriols and deriva-
tives, 24
Bruni, G., and E. Quercigh, silver-
cadmium alloys, 305
C. Sandonnini, and E. Quer-
cigh, ternary alloys of mag-
nesium, zinc, and cadmium,
257
Brünnich, J. C., and F. Smith,
qualitative and quantitative
determination of arsenic acid
in presence of arsenious acid
by means of magnesium mix-
ture, 320
Brush discharge, decomposition
of water-vapour by, 174
Brussels Exhibition, 120
Burgess, G. K., and C. W.
Waidner. (See Waidner,

C. W.)

M. J., and R. V. Wheeler,
volatile constituents of coal,
257

Burniey, M. C., G. L. Heritage,
and E. P. Kohler. (See
Kohler, E. P.)

Burt, F. P., and F. L. Usher, re-
lative atomic weights of
nitrogen and sulphur, 30

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CADMIUM and zinc, separa-
tion of copper from by means
of cupferron, 245
behaviour of lithium towards,
186

magnesium and zinc, ternary
alloys of, 257
Cadmium-silver alloys, 305
Cæsium, estimation as bismuthi-
nitrite, 34

nitrate solutions, viscosity and
density, 302

Caffeine and theobromine, com-
parative toxicity, 31
Cahen, B., and H ́ ́r. V. Little.

(See Little, H. F. V.)
Calcite, refractive indices of, 181
Calcium rays, relative duration

in self-induction spark, 162
metasilicate, binary systeme
with calcium fluoride and
calcium chloride, 305
phosphate, solubility in satu-
rated solutions of carbon
dioxide containing ammɔnia,
282

Callendar, H. L., radio-balance,

82

Calzolari, J., double rhdanides
of divalent copper and cobait
with organic bases, 276
and G. A. Barbieri, (See
Barbieri, G. A.)
Cambridge University, 133
Cameron, A. T." Radio-chemia-
try" (review), 23

and B. C. McEwan, determina-
tion of malonic acid by potas-
sium permanganate, 9
Campbell, A., evaluation of self-
inductance, 22

A. F., and J. F. Thorpe, forma-
tion and reactions of imino-
compounds, 45

instance illustrating the sta-
bility of the four carbon
ring, 316

Camphane series, studies in, 291
Camphor and derivatives, absorp-
tion-spectra of, 156

and phenol mixtures, freezing-
point curve for, 240
artificial, 246
Camphorcarboxyamide, 32
Camphorcarboxypiperidide. 32
d-Camphorimide, tertiary, acidic
and alkyl derivatives of, 302
Camphor-quinone, stereoiso-

meric hydrazones and semi-
carbazones of, 291
Cape gooseberry, analysis, 320
Carbethoxyl group, elimination

during closing of five mem.
bered ring, 153
Carbohydrates, action of ultra-
violet rays on, 174
Carbon amorphous, reducing
acetylene to, 270
and hydrogen, direct union, 19
and silicon compounds of corre-
sponding compositions, mor-
photropic relationships be-
tween, 301
chemical physics involved in
precipitation of free, from
alloys of iron-carbon system,
268

nitrogen bond, 210

ring, instance illustrating
stability of the four, 316

Carbon, solid, reduction of iron | Cheese, Gorgonzola, 317

oxide by, 292
dioxide, absorption in para-
azoxyphenetole, relation be-
tween solubility and physical
state of solvent in, 240
and hydrogen mixtures, action
on oxides of iron, 185
and water photochemical syn-
theses of hydrates of carbon
from in absence of chloro-
phyll, 96

estimation, apparatus for, go
solubility of calcium phos-

phate in saturated solutions
of containing ammonia, 282
disulphide and nickel carbonyl,
interaction, 7

change into a gaseous product
condensable and explosive

near temperature of liquid
air, 61
hydrates, photochemical syn-
theses from carbon dioxide
and water in absence of
chlorophyll, 96
monosulphide, 49

Poly-

Chelsea, South-Western
technic, 147
Chemical affinity, influence in
adsorption phenomena, 293
constitution and absorption
spectra, relation between 33
and the influence of a solvent,
relationship between, 282
effects of high pressures, 70
energy, probable electrical
nature, 77

industry, relation to metallurgy,
254

products and manufacturers, 246
qualification, professional, 146
Society, 7, 19, 31, 44, 239, 255,
265, 276, 290, 300, 313, 325
Banquet to Past-Presidents,
248, 274, 286
Chemistry professorship

in

Queensland University, 108
Chercheffsky. N., determination
of origin of naphtha and its
derivatives, 71
Chertier, G., and P. Nicolardot.
(See Nicolardot, P.)

monoxide, action of heat, on, 71 Chick, F., and N. T. M. Wils-
of hydrogen on, 84

of iron and its oxides on at a

[blocks in formation]

71

in air of coal-mines, 292
tetrachloride, action of silent

discharge on in presence of
hydrogen, 36

Carbonyls, metal, 306
Cardiff, University College of

South Wales and Monmouth-
shire, 136

Cardoso, E., and G. Baume,

critical constants of acetylene
and cyanogen, 162
Carr, F. H., and W. C. Reynolds,
specific rotatory
power of
hyoscyamine and the relation
between that of alkaloids and
their salts, 46
Carré, P., fixation of trioxymethyl-
ene by magnesium derivatives
of homologues of benzyl
bromide, 162
Carthamine, 47
Cassal, N. C., and B. H. Gerrans,

rapid process for estimation
of cocoanut oil in admixture
with butter-fat, 190
Cassiopeium and aldebaranium
or neo-ytterbium, 87
wave-length measurements in

visible part of arc spectra
of, 157
Cathode light, apparatus for dis-
tillation of fats and fatty acids
in atmosphere of, 20
Cations, metalic, complex, 180
Caton, F. W., and F. Tutin. (See
Tutin, F.)

Caven, R. M.,

separation

metals of tin group, 45
Cellulose ethers, nitrous, 305
Cerium, tetravalent, new

pounds of, 293

of

com-

Chalk, specific gravity of, 246
Chapman, A. C., colorimetric esti-
mation of hydrogen cyanide,
255
D. L., and H. E. Jones, homo-
geneous decomposition
ozone in presence of oxygen
and other gases, 315
Charon, E., and P. Mahler. (See
Mohler, P.)

of

Charpy, G., and S. Bonnerot, re-

duction of iron oxide by solid
carbon, 292
Chattaway, F. D., nitroform and

tetranitromethane, 307
simple method of preparing
tetranitromethane, 32

and M. Aldridge, the auto-re-
duction of hydrazines, 327
Chauvenet, E., compounds of
thorium chloride with am-
monia, 185

more, polymerisation of keten,
267

Chlorides of unsaturated acids,

Friedel and Crait's reaction
with, 63, 79
Chlorine, influence on determina-
tion of nitric nitrogen, 25
Chloroamine reactions, 301
5-Chloro-1 1-dimethyl-A4-cyclo.

hexen-3-one, action of ethyl
cyanoacetate on, 247

Chloroform, action of silent dis-

charge on in presence of hy-
drogen, 36
6-Chloro-2-phenyl- 1:3 - benz-

oxazine-4-one and related de-
rivatives, 44
Chloroplatinates of di- and tri-
methylamine, 24

Chocolate and cocoa conference,
258
Cholesterine, derivatives of, 71
Choudhuri, K, N., and H. Saha.

(See Saha, H.)
Chree, C., supposed propagation

of equatorial magnetic dis-
turbances with velocities of
order of 100 miles per second,
269
Chromium determination, use of

potassium ferricyanide in
alkaline solution for, 234
Chromophoric groups, magnetic
analysis, 59
Cinchona bark, quinine in, prize
for best method for deter-
mination of, 246
Cirencester, Royal Agricultural
College, 139
Citrate-solubility of phosphoric

oxide in basic slag, 221
Clark, C. M., red lines for a
balance scale, 58
Clarke, G, jun., and S. C. Baner-
jee, glucoside from tephrosia
purpurea, 266
Claude, G., composition of atmo.

sphere after the passage of
Halley's comet, 70
preparation of argon, 318
A. C., relation of chemical in-
dustry to metallurgy, 254
Clausmann, P., action of ozone
on carbon monoxide, 71
and A. Gautier. (See Gautier,
A.)

Clayton A., action of alkalis on
certain derivatives of cou-
marin, 33

Coal, action of air on, 72

in brewing industry, economic
use of, 209
liquids obtained by action of
air on, 84

mines, presence of carbon mon-
oxide in air of, 292
varations in official method for
determination of
volatile

matter in, 92, 204
volatile constituents of, 257
Cobalt and copper, double
rhodanides of divalent, with

organic bases, 276
volumetric method for, 51
Cobaltinitrites, 9

Cocaine and cocaine substitutes,
tests for, 318
Coohin, G,, and G. Austenweil.
(See Austenweil, G.)
Coco essence, constituents, 305
Cocoa and chocolate conference,
258
Cocoa-nut essence, composition,

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spectrum of, 300
Cometary bodies, origin of, 200
Common, L. E., obituary, 270
Compounds, unsaturated contain-

ing tert-butyryl group, 256
Comtesse, A., and A. Haller. (See
Haller, A.)
Connaught, Prince Arthur of,

University College New
Chemical Laboratories Fund.
282

Constants, optico-chemical, cal-
culation, 3, 14
Cooper, W. R., and W

G.

McMillan. (See McMillan,
W. G.)

Copeman, S. M., ferro-silicon, 127
Copper and cobalt, double rhod-

anides of divalent, with organic
bases, 276

separation from cadmium and
zinc by means of cupferron
245
Copper-silver alloys, electrical
conductivity and hardness.
258

Cork, University College, 145
Correlations between collaterals,
determination of the chief, 30

colour and constitution of Cotarnine, synthesis, 8
amino-coumarins, 34

constitution of coumarin acid,
280

and G. T. Morgan. (See Mor-
gan, G. T)

Clement, J. K., and E. T. Allen.
(See Allen, E. T.)
Clerkenwell, Northern Polytechnic
Institute, 147

Clough, G. W., and A. McKenzie.
(See McKenzie, A.)

Coumarin derivatives, action of
alkalis on, 33
Courtman, H. R., and J. C.
Philip. (See Philip, J. C.)
Cousin, H., and H. Hérissey,
dehydrodicarvacrol, 71
Couturat, L., O. Jespersen, R.
Lorenz, W. Ostwald, and L.
Pfaundler, "International
Language and Science" (re-
view), 11

Couzens, E. G., and G. T. Morgan.
(See Morgan, G. T.)
Cowap, M. D., L. Mond, and H.
Hirtz. (See Mond, L.)
Coward, H. F., and W. A. Bone,
(See Bone, W. A.)
Coyle, F. B., reducing acetylene
to amorphous carbon, 270
Crompton, H., and Muriel K.
Harrison, iodoacenaphthene,
278
Crookes, Sir W., 151, 250, 252
scandium, 73, 85, 97
Cross, C. F., E, J. Bevan, and
W. Bacon, chloroamine re-
actions, methylenechloro-

amine, 301
Crossley, A. W., and C. Gilling,
synthesis of I: I: 3-tri-
methylcyclohexene, 302
Crothers, D., and H. E. Arm-
strong. (See Armstrong, H.E (
Crowther, J. A., scattering of
homogeneous B-rays and the
number of electrons in the
atom, 29, 168
Crystals, conduction of electricity

in at high temperatures, 234
soda, efflorescence of washing,
311
Crystallisation of binary mix-
tures, temperatures of, 96
spontaneous and melting- and
freezing-point curves of mix-
tures of two substances which
form mixed crystals, 30
Cuming, A. C., efflorescence of
washing soda crystals, 311
Cunningham, Mary, and F. M.
Perkin, note on the cobalti-
nitrites, 9

Mr., and W. Rosenhain. (See
Rosenhain, W)

Cupferron, separation of copper

from cadmium and zinc by
means of, 245
Curie, Mdme., Albert Medal of

Royal Society of Arts, 24, 294
aud A. Debierne, metallic
radium, 175
Curves, melting- and freezing-
point of mixtures of two sub-
stances which form mixed
crystals, 30

Cyanogen, critical constants of,
162

detection of small amounts, 293
effect of temperature and pres-

[blocks in formation]

DALE, H. H., and G. Barger.
(See Barger, G)
Dalton's theory, various accounts
of origin, I
Damar varnish testing, 67
Darzens, G.. action of hydracids
on glycidic ethers, 60
and H. Rost, synthesis of
ketones of tetrahydroaromatic
series, 318
David, M., analysis of fatty sub-
stances by separating solid
fatty acids from liquid acids,
318

Davis, E. G., and Samuel Smiles,
new synthesis of thioxanthone
and its derivatives, 44
J. D., and A. C. Fieldner. (See
Fildner, A. C.)

W. A, and H. Leffmann. (See
Leffmann, H.)

and S. S. Sadtler, "Allen's
Commercial Organic Analy-
sis" (review), 244
Dawson, H. M., activity of acids
as catalysts in relation to the
nature of solvent medium,
327

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