reply to Mr. Irwin, the author said that the small deflexion due to magnetic impurities in the moving coil could be eliminated in all balance tests by using a false zero method. In deflexional methods the effect could be rendered negligible by reducing the voltage exciting the field, and using a moving coil current of correspondingly increased strength.

Mr. PHILLIPS stated that the present paper was preliminary to a more detailed account of the work which had been done with the instrument. In reply to Mr. Irwin, he stated that it was proposed to make use of the instrument to measure the Specific Inductive capacity of materials and the resistance of electrolytes.

Mr. A. E. GARRETT read a paper entitled "Positive Electrification due to Heating Aluminium Phosphate." In 1904 Dr. R. S. Willows and the author communicated to this Society the results of some experiments on the halogen compounds of zinc, in which it was shown that those compounds when heated ionised the air around so that both positively and negatively electrified bodies gradually lost their charge. Work in this direction was continued, and the results obtained showed that a large number of inorganic compounds possess properties of a like nature to the above. In 1907 Sir J. J. Thomson found that chlorides, phosphates, and nitrates give off an excess of positive ions when heated, and he incidentally discovered that aluminium phosphate was most active in this direction. As many of the substances previously examined are known to be unstable (and hence the ionisation produced may be the result of chemical change), while aluminium phosphate, on the other hand, is a most stable substance, it was thought that an investigation of the ion producing properties of that compound would be of interest. The apparatus was arranged so that the salt could be heated to the desired temperature (900-1300° C.) on a strip of platinum foil. The pressure could be reduced as required. For most of the experiments a sensitive galvanometer was used as recording instrument. With the usual distance between the electrodes (0.5 cm.) it was found that a difference of potential of 60 volts was sufficient to obtain a saturation current with the positive ions. The way in which the current varied with the time when the saturation voltage was applied was first investigated. For the first half-hour the current was somewhat irregular. This was found to be due to the water present in the salt. The current for the first hour or two appears to be largely influenced by the surrounding gas. Neglecting the preliminary effects due to water, the decay of the current with the time can be represented by a curve having the general formula A(e-1-e-2)+B(1-e-λst). The current finally obtained depends almost entirely upon the salt itself. After five or six hours' heating, no further change takes place in the current obtained under fixed conditions of temperature and pressure. A temporary increase, however, can be brought about by moistening the salt, and also by passing a discharge from an induction-coil through the tube for about half a minute. When the salt is insulated and heated for some time, an extraordinarily large current passes when the field is first put on. This effect increases with the time up to about ten minutes, after which any longer insulation causes no increase of the initial current. With the salt in the final steady state the conditions were suitable for experiments on temperature and pressure effects. It was found that for every temperature tried there was a certain pressure at which the current obtained was a maximum, and the higher the temperature the lower was this pressure. The currents obtained with constant pressure and variable temperature indicate that the relationship between the rate of production of positive ions and the absolute temperature can be represented by the Richardson formula Q ale 20. By using a quadrant electrometer in place of the galvanometer, it was found at pressures of o'o1 mm. that some positive ions are ejected with a velocity of the

order 106 cm. per sec.; and other experiments showed that the ions at very low pressures and acted upon by small electrostatic fields moved with great velocity, so it was thought that this substance could be made use of as a means for rectifying alternate currents. It was found that it could be so used. The values of l/m obtained by Thomson's cycloid method indicate that the smallest of the positive ions present possess a mass comparable with that of the hydrogen atom. Many of the results obtained, in particular (a) those with varying pressures and constant temperatures, (b) those at atmospheric pressure in which after removal of all free ions by a field sufficient to produce a saturation current, a current of equal values for ions of both signs was found at an electrode placed behind that on which the saturation voltage acted, and (c) the loss of charge of a Faraday cylinder when screened from the action of free ions, indicate that one of the products due to heating aluminium phosphate is in the form of neutral pairs or doublets which afterwards split up into negative and positive ions.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

A Re-calculation of the Atomic Weights. By FRANK WIGGLESWORTH CLARKE, LL.D., D.Sc. Third Edition, Revised and Enlarged. City of Washington: Published by the Smithsonian Institute. 1910.

THIS book contains a critical survey of all the information which has been accumulated with regard to atomic weights, special attention being paid to recent work. All data have been reduced to a common standard, and for each series of experiments the probable error is worked out by the usual formula. Then the mean is taken, and its probable error is also worked out. The fundamental ratios are first treated, and from them are deduced the highly probable values, based upon the most reliable evidence, of the atomic weights of ten elements. These values are then used for calculating the atomic weights of each of the other elements in turn. Even the comparatively meagre information to be found on the atomic weights of the rare earths is carefully tabulated, and the book is a valuable addition to chemical literature; it may be regarded as a standard authority on the subject of the atomic weights of the elements.

Qualitative Analysis Tables for Use at the Bench. By E. J. LEWIS, B.A. (Cantab.), B.Sc. (Lond.), Assistant Master at Oundle School. Cambridge University Press.

THESE tables are printed on stout card edged with metal, and are held together by two rings passing through eyelet holes in such a manner that they can be turned over quickly and easily as the work of analysis proceeds, and they will stand unsupported on the bench at an angle most convenient for reading. The main directions are printed in red rink and stand out well from the black text, and copious notes are given in italics; the foundations of analysis are discussed as fully as the limited space will allow. The use of these tables is restricted to the working bench, for they are too large to be carried about; they will doubtless be found useful where a number of students are working together through a course of chemistry.

MISCELLANEOUS.

Society for Extending the Rothamsted Experiments.-A meeting of the Society was held at Rothamsted on June 16th under the Presidency of the Duke of Devonshire. The Society has been incorporated with the object of obtaining additional funds for the development of the agricultural investigations which have been carried on so long under the late Sir John Lawes and the Lawes Agri

The imme

cultural Trust, which he afterwards founded. diate object of the Society is to obtain a sum of £5000 in order to secure about 200 acres of land adjoining the present experimental fields, and erect thereon the buildings required for feeding experiments with the crops under investigation. An appeal for subscriptions towards thus securing a small self-contained farm for the Rothamsted Experimental Station is now being circulated, and at the meeting of the Society on Thursday a first list of donations was reported from the Duke of Devonshire, Lord Iveagh, Sir J. T. Brunner, Colonel E. H. Carlisle, M.P., Mr. J. F. Mason, M.P., and Mr. J. Martin White, amounting to £1450.

Drawing Office Accessories.-Messrs. Wm. J. Brooks and Co., Letchworth, Herts., have recently introduced several novelties to aid in the preparation of drawing diagrams, &c. Among the most useful are a number of mathematical curves accurately cut and engraved, in transparent celluloid :

PARABOLA Eqn. y = x2; unit 1 inch. Axis, focus, and latus rectum marked.

HYPERBOLA (Rectangular): Eqn. xy=1 inch. Axis marked.

ELLIPSE Major axis 3 inches, minor axis 2 inches. Axes and foci marked.

CYCLOID: Roulette of circle 2 inches diameter. Central ordinate marked.

CUBIC Curve: Eqn. y=x3; unit I inch.

Of these perhaps the parabola is the most useful; with its aid and a sheet of squared paper, square and square roots and other equations can be solved rapidly and with considerable accuracy. For the construction of curves thin flexible steel bands are provided. A simple form with small brass tabs at intervals of about 2 inches enables a curve to be set out and held in position by the fingers of one hand while the line is traced with a pencil. Another more elaborate device consists in a steel band connected to a number of stiffly moving brass links; with this instrument any curve or curves can be given to the steel band and retained by it while the line is being traced. These are made in various lengths. Another ingenious device is sold under the name of "Pinro"; it is an improvement on the common drawing-pin, and consists in a very thin flexible strip of brass with pin points placed every four inches; it is sold in lengths of twelve feet, and will be found useful for a variety of purposes besides the general use of a drawing-pin, and it has the great advantage that it does not roll on to the floor and get lost.

NOTES AND QUERIES.

Our Notes and Queries column was opened for the purpose of giving and obtaining information likely to be of use to our readers generally. We cannot undertake to let this column be the means of transmitting merely private information, or such trade notices as should legitimately come in the advertisement columns.

Castor Seed.-Can any reader inform me if there is a test for the poisonous castor seed in cotton or cattle feeding cake ?-C. S.

MEETINGS FOR THE WEEK.

THURSDAY, 30th.-Royal Society. "New Method for the Quantitative Estimation of Hydrocyanic Acid in Vegetable and Animal Tissues," by Dr. A. D. Waller. "Comparative Toxicity of Theobromine and Caffeine as measured by their Direct Effect upon the Contractility of Isolated Muscle," by Drs. V. H. Veley and A. D. Waller. "Mubinyo, a Disease of Natives in Uganda" and "The Natural Food of Glossina palpalis," by Colonel Sir David Bruce and others. "Relation of Light Perception to Colour Perception," by Dr. F. W. Edridge-Green. "Anatomy and Morphology of the Leaves and Inflorescences of Werts hi mirabilis," by Miss M. G. Sykes. "Relative Atomic Weights of Nitrogen and Sulphur," by F. P. Burt and F. L. Usher.

MACMILLAN'S

NEW and RECENT

BOOKS ON CHEMISTRY.

Methods Used in the Ex

amination of Milk and Dairy Products. By Dr. CHR. BARTHEL. Translation by W. GOODWIN, M.Sc., Ph.D., South-Eastern Agricultural College, Wye, Kent. Illustrated. 8vo. 7s. 6d. net.

Theoretical Principles of

the Methods of Analytical Chemistry based upon Chemical Reactions. By Professor M. G. CHESNEAU. Authorised Translation by Professor A. T. LINCOLN, Ph.D., and Professor D. H. CARNAHAN, Ph.D. 8vo. 7s. 6d. net.

Practical Chemistry.

By

JAMES BRUCE, Ph.D., B.Sc., F.I.C., A.R.C.S., and HARRY HARPER, A.R.C.S., Head of the Chemistry Department of the Trade and Grammar School, Keighley. Globe 8vo. 2s. 6d. EDUCATIONAL NEWS.-"We have pleasure in recommending this book not only to students but to teachers of chemistry, and feel certain it will occupy a high place amongstebooks on like subjects."

Crystalline Structure and

Chemical Constitution. By A. E. H. TUTTON, M.A., D.Sc. (Oxon.), F.R.S., A.R.C.Sc. (Lond.). 8vo. 5s. net. [Science Monographs. NATURE." It is a goodly story that he has to tell, and well is it told; without wearying the reader with an unwieldy mass of details, he presents in all essential completeness a vivid picture of an unusually coherent series of investigations. The book

is one that should be read and studied by all interested in crystals, their properties and their formation."

FOURTH EDITION, entirely Re-written and Enlarged.

Chemical Technology and

Analysis of Oils, Fats, and Waxes.
By Dr. J. LEWKOWITSCH, M.A., F.I.C., Con-
sulting and Analytical Chemist and Chemical
Engineer; Examiner in Soap Manufacture and in
Fats and Oils to the City and Guilds of London
Institute. With 102 Illustrations and numerous
Tables. In Three Volumes. Medium 8vo, gilt
tops. 50s. net.

NATURE.—“Well maintains its place in the front rank of works devoted to the study of oils, fats, and waxes. To the chemical technologist it is practically indispensable."

AB

asaronic, 296

boric, effects of chlorides on
solubility of, 248

camphorcarboxylic, and deriva-
tives, absorption spectra, 163
camphoric, amides and imides
of, 20

synthesis of, 213
6-carboxy-34-dimethoxy-
phenyl-glyoxylic, synthesis of,

284

a-cyclogeranic, 204
A-cyclopenteneacetic, synthe-
sis of, 143

dextro-tartaric, method for de-
termining, 215
dicamphorylphosphinic, 21
3:5-dichloro-ortho-phthalic, 67
di-iodobenzenesulphonic, esters
and salts of, 65

dithionic, determination of, 48
formic, production by atmo-

for

spheric oxidation of turpen-
tine, 285
hydrochloric, apparatus
demonstrating the electrolysis
of, 80

standard solutions, 180
hydrocyanic, new sensitive test
for, 249

hypoiodous, action of nascent, on

unsaturated acids, 156
hypophosphoric, formula of, 107
lauric, dipeptides of, synthesis,
164

malonanilic, halogen deriva-
tives of, 79
meta-hemipinic, 296
1-methyl-A-cyclohexene - 3-
acetic, synthesis of, 143
aitric, determination by reduc-
tion with system of aluminium-
mercury, 83

reaction for, 251
solubility of gold in, 207
n-nonoic, dipeptides of, synthe-
sis of, 164

A1-aonylenic, 79

perchloric, preparation

sodium perchlorate, 42

picric, 228

sabinic, 251

from

salicylic, estimation by distilla-
tion of its dilute aqueous solu-
tions, 289

sulphosalicylic, action on tri-
sodic phosphate, 156
sulphuric, action of potassium

chlorate on concentrated, 282
action of concentrated on aro-
matic nitramines, 156
amides of, 132

solution of platinum in, 107
thiosalicylic, colourless and yel-
low, 227
tri-iodobenzenesulphonic, esters
and salts of, 65

compensated, 250
allylenecarboxylic, experiments
on, 12

aromatic, catalysis of, 215
bromacetic, a-bromopropionic,
and a-bromobutyric, and their
sodium salts, interaction with
silver salts in aqueous solu-
tion, 79

B-bromo-3-phenylpropionic, 66
carboxylic, of cyclohexanone and
derivatives, 297

cinnamic, absorption spectra of,
204

dicarboxylic, action of bases on
aa-dibromo-derivatives of, 65
halogen, action on chloro- and
bromo-acylaminobenzenes, II
B-hydroxy-6-phenylpropionic,
optically active, 66
iodobenzenemonosulphonic, 65
organic, solubility of, and bases
in solutions of their salts, 142
phenylmethylglycolic, inter-
conversion of optically active,
214

phenyltriazoacetic, substituted,

65

phosphinic, transformation of
aromatic alcohols into, 108
polybasic, reaction for, 35
resin, of coniferæ, 66
silicic, tension and rate of de-
hydration of, 227
sulphonic, derived from di-

benzylethylpropylsilicane, 65
triazomalonic, substituted, 65
unsaturated, action of nascent
hypoiodous acid on, 156
capable of isomerisation and
their salts, molecular refrac-
tion, 132

volatile, in wines and vinegars,

apparatus for use in deter-
mination of, 5

Actinium B-rays of, ionisation of
gases by, 141
Acyanilides, bromination, II
chlorination, II

Africa, South, chemistry of veget-
able products of, 138
Air, nature of large ions in, 82

nitrates and oxides obtained by
heating aluminium in, 263
Alanine, products of con tensation

of lauric and n-nonoic acids
with, 164

Alcohol, absolute, as reducing
agent, 227

specific gravity of, 275
divalent, from coltsfoot, 47
Alcohols, aromatic, transforma-

tion into phosphinic acids by
hypophosphorous acid, 103
catalytic dehydration by metallic
oxides, 240

new method of detecting traces
of, 84
Aldehyde, crotonic, polymer of,
constitution of, 204
polymeric, of crotonic aldehyde
and the corresponding acid,

Alkaline earths. method of restor-
ing phosphorescence of the
sulphides of, 143
formates, reducing action o
mineral compounds, 276
mangani-manganates, 166
metals, emission of electric
charges by, 143
sulphites, action of heat and
light on double, 23
Alkaloids of pukatea, 68

potassium permanganate as test
for, 83

Alkyl halides and metals of iron
group, interaction, 250
s-Alkylphenazothionium deriva-

tives, 221

Allen, E. T., and J. Johnston,
exact determination of sul-
phur in pyrite and marcasite,
257, 267
Allmand, A. J, affinity relations
of cupric oxide and cupric
hydroxide, 126
Alumina in inorganic plant con-

stituents, determination, 9t
obtained by oxidation of alu-
minium amalgam, 156
Aluminium, action of heat on in
vacuo, 108

nitrates and oxides obtained by
heating in air, 263
phosphate, positive electrifica-

tion due to heating, 299
Amides, haloid, acid properties of,
23

molecular complexity in the
liquid state, 284
of camphoric acid, 20
of sulphuric acid, 132
Amidines, constitution, 79
Amido-oxi nes and thioamides,

220

Amines, aromatic, action on ethyl
malonate, 164
Amines, molecular complexity in
liquid state, 284
3-Amincquinoline, and colour of
its salts, 126
Ammonia, action on organic sul-
phides and disulphides, 132
soda, 81
Analysis, qualitative, substitute
for platinum wire in, 170
Andrews, E. R., analysis of ultra-
marine blue, 131

and J. H. Coste. (See Coste,
J. H)
Anhydride, acetic, rate of hydra-
tion, 163

Anhydrides, action of gaseous

carbon tetrachloride on, 108
Anilides, halogen-substituted, 66
Anine and arsenic emetic, 240
emetic, 120

Animal substances, skotographic

and electroscopic effects of, 21
Anisaldehyde, condensation with
resorcinol, 220

Anthocyan, 218
Antimony, double haloid salts of

tri-, tetra-, and pentavalent, 95
organic derivatives, 10
Apparatus, chlorine absorption, 77
extraction, 226

fat extraction, 226

for demonstrating electrolysis of
hydrochloric acid, 80
volumetric
composition of

Balance, magnetic, of M. Curie
and C. Cheneveau, 236
Baly, E. C. C., W. B. Tuck, and
Effie G. Marsden, relation be-
tween absorption spectra and
chemical constitution, 124
Barger, G., constitution of car-
paine, 125

and H. H. Dale, third active
principle in ergot extracts, 284
and A. J. Ewins, alkaloids of
ergot, 65

Barium hydrosulphate, 227
sulphate, 227

adsorption of uranium X by, 66
Barker, G. F. (obituary), 275
Barnett, E de B., action of hydro-
gen dioxide on thiocarb-
amides, II

intramolecular rearrangemert
of diphenylamine ortho-
sulphoxides, 67
Barratt, J. O. W., action of radi-
ation from radium bromide
upon the skin of the ear of
rabbit, 190
Barthe, L., action of sulpho-

salicylic acid on trisodic phos-
phate, 156

Bartlett, E. H., and A. H. Gill.

(See Gill, A. H.)
Basadonna, M., and L. Duparc
(See Duparc, L.)

Bases, resolution of externally
compensated, 250
Battle, H. B., and W. J. Gas-

coyne, "Chemical Conver-
sion Tables" (review), 46
Baubigny, H., action of heat and

light upon silver sulphite and
its double alkaline sulphites,
23
determination of dithionic acid
and dithionates, 48
separation and purification of
dithionates produced in de-
composition of silver sulphite
or its double salts, 166
Baud, E., cryoscopy in concen.
trated solutions, 204
Bauer, E., and A. Haller.
Haller, A.)

(See

Bauriedel, F. and A. Gutbier.

(See Gutbier, A.)
Baxter, G. P., and G. Jones, re-

vision of atomic weight of
phosphorus, 150, 161, 176, 184
Baynes, R. E., saturation specific
heats, 69

Beard, S. H., and J. J. Sud-
borough. (See Sudborough,
J. J.)

Becker, W., dizinc-formaldehyde-
oxylate, 251

Becquerel, H. and J., and H. K.

Onnes, phosphorescence o
salts of uranyl at very low
temperatures, 215
Bee, J., and T. H. E sterfield.
(See Easterfield, T. H.)
Beilby, G. I., address to Institute
of Chemistry, 118
Benzaldehyde, condensation with
resorcinol, II

Benzidine derivatives, acetylation,
165

Benzoylhydrazobenzene,

reduc-

tion of nitroso-derivatives of,
143
Benzyl cyanide, syntheses with,

204

mercaptan, reactions of, 297
tetra- and tri-sulphides, 297
Berberine, 79

Bergmann, L., and M. Le Blanc.
(See Le Blanc, M.)
Berry, A. J., adsorption of uran-
ium X by barium sulphate, 66
Berthollet's doctrine of variabl
proportions, 244

view of the nature of chlorine,

37
Bertrand, G., and G. Weisweiller,

vicianose, new reducing sugar
with C11, 108
Besson, A., and L. Fournier, new

chloride of phosphorus, 107
reduction of chlorides of
arsenic and boron by hydro-
gen under action of electric
discharge, 251

Bevan, P. V., absorption spectra
of vapours of alkali metals,
92

Biddlecombe, A., "Thoughts on

Natural Philosophy and the
Origin of Life" (review), 46
Biggs, C. V., and W. P. Digby,
apparatus for determination
of specific resistance of oil,
288

for rapid determination of re-
sistance of liquids, 288

121

Blanc, G. L., and J. F. Thorpe,

Komppa's synthesis of cam-
phoric acid, 213
Bleeker, I. B, effect of continued
grinding on water of crystal-
lisation, 30

Blich eldt, S. H., proposed me-

thod for estimation of butter
and cocoa fat in margarine,
2.5

Bloch, L., phosphorescence and
oxidation of arsenic, 23
Bodroux, F., and F. Taboury,
syntheses with benzyl cyan-
ide, 204
Bolton, E. R, and C. Revis, some
analyses of ghee, 286
Bongrand, J. C., and C. Moureu.
(See Moureu, C.)
Bonner and Hulett, Messrs. (See
Hulett)

Bonnerot, S., and G. Charpy.
(See Charpy, G)
Books, Reviews and Notices of-
"Acetylene, Principles of its

Generation and Use," 215
"Acid, Sulphuric, and Alkali,
Manufacture of," 82
"Allen's Commercial Organic
Analysis," 120, 228
"Alloys, Metallic, Lessons on,"

12

'Ammonia and Coal-tar," 70
"Analysis, Volumetric, Theo-
retical and Practical Hand-
book of," 250
"Analytical Notes," 156
"Annuaire pour 1 An 1910," 22
"Atomic Weights, Re-calcula
tion of, 299
"Bibliotheca Chemico-mathe-
matica," 250
"Bleaching, Modern Agents,
and Detergents," 143
"Bread." 166
"Cape Colony To-day," 22
"Carbohydrates, Simple, and
the Glucosides," 214
"Chemical Appointments, List
of Official," 131
"Chemical Conversion Tables,"
46
"Chemical Notes and Equa-
tions," 46
"Chemical Transpositions, Con-

servation of Mass in," 46
Chemistry, Colloidal of Lite,
Contributions to," 107
"Chemistry, Colloidal, Supple-
ment," 95
"Chemistry, Hindu, History

of," 94

"Chemistry, History of," 82
"Chemistry, Inorganic," 46
"Chemistry, Inorganic, Intro-

duction to Experimental," 83
"Chemistry, Organic, System-
atic Practical," 131
"Chemistry, Physical, for Elec-

trical Engineers," 94
"Chemistry, Physical, Intro-
duction to," 143
"Chemistry, Practical," 165
"Chemistry, Practical, Intro-
duction to," 46
"Coal-tar and Ammonia," 70
"Crystalline Structure and

Chemical Constitution," 60
"Dyeing, Manual of," 165
"Food, Inspection and Analysis
of," 83

39

"Frick's (Dr. F.) Physical
Technics," 107
"Glucosides and the Simple
Carbohydrates," 214
"Hindu Chemistry, History of,"

91

"Immortality, Science and
Matter," 131

of Technology, Man -
chester," 288
"Life, Contributions to Col-

loidal Chemistry of," 107
"Life, Thoughts on Natural
Philosophy and the Origin
ot," 46
"Manchester, Journal of Muni-
cipal School of Techiology,"
288

"Manures and Soils," 203
"Mass in Chemical Transposi-

and the

tions, Conservation of," 46
"Matriculation Directory," 106
"Matter, Immortality and
Science," 131
"Matter, Spirit,
Cosmos," 95
"Metallography." 288
"Minerals, Recognition of," 94
"Natural Philosophy and the

Origin of Life, Thoughts
on," 46
"Nature, Logic of," 250
"Optical Instruments Simply
Explained," 275
"Paints for Steel Structures,'

"Steel Structures, Paints for,"
165

"Sugar, Beet-, Making, and its
Chemical Control," 12, 70
"Sugar, Cane-, Manufacture,"
106

"Technische Auskunft," 107

" Van Nostrand's Chemical

Annual," 22
"Water Resources, Papers on
Conservation of," 120
"Yellowstone National Park,
Radio activity of the
Thermal Waters," 106
"Zeitschrift für Physikalische
Chemie," 107, 166
Boon, A. A., action of methyltert.-
butyl ketone on ketols, 222
K. McKenzie, and J. F. Reid,
contribution to our know.
ledge of oxonium compounds,

222

Bougault, J., action of nascent
hypoiodous acid on unsatu-
rated acids, 156
a-cyclogeranic acid, 204
etholides and conifers, juniperic
and sabinic acids, 251
Bourquelot, E.. "Le Centenaire
du Journal de Pharmacie et
de Chimie" (review), 288
Bousfield, W. R, and T. M.

Lowry, liquid water a ternary
mixture, solution volumes in
aqueous solutions, 225
Bouty, E., dielectric cohesion of
neon, 108

Bowser, L. T., speedy detection
of potassium in small
amounts, 100
Boyle, Mary, 1odobenzenemono-
sulphonic acids, 65
Bradley, R. E., liquid mixtures
for maximum and minimum
thermometers, 23

thermometric standards, 290
Bragg, W. H., lessons of radio-
activity, 101, 111, 134, 148
Braithwaite, J. O., “Year-book of
Pharmacy" (review), 120
Brasses, journal, analysis of, 260
Briner, E., and A. Wroczynski,

chemical reactions in gases
subjected to high pressures, 83
Brittle materials, tests under com-
bined stress, 235

Brochet, A., and A. Haller. (See
Haller, A)

Bromination with aqueous hypo-
bromous acid, 228
Bromine, colorimetric estimation
in presence of chlorine and
iodine, 131
determination of quantities of
heat evolved on addition of to
unsaturated compounds, 276
free, gravimetric determination
by means of metallic silver,

201

substitution for chlorine in
separation of cerium from
other cerium earths, 31, 109
Bromo-acylaminobenzenes, action
of halogen acids on, II
Bronze propellers, erosion of, 30
Brooks, B. T., action of organic
peroxides on photographic
plate, 40

W. J. and Co, drawing office
accessories, 300

Brown, H. T, role of diffusion in
fermentation by yeast cells,
284

J. A, estimation of small quan-
tities of essential oils in
spices, 287

Kjeldahl estimation of nitrogen
in fatty substances, 131
C. (obituary), 132, 163

N., rate of emission of a-
particles from uranium and its
products, 294
Browning, P. E, and E. J.
Roberts, substitution of bro-
mine and iodine for chlorine
in separation of cerium from
other cerium earths, 31, 109
Bruce, Col. Sir D., and Capts. A. E.
Hamerton, R. H. Bateman,
and F. P. Mackie, develop-
ment of trypanosomes
tsetse fl es, 263
J., and H. Harper, "Practical
Chemistry" (review), 165
Brüninghaus, L., relation

in

be-

tween absorption and phos-
phorescence, 71
Brussels International Congress

of Radiology and Electricity,
240
Buch, N. W., and H. M. Ulimann.
(See Ullmann, H. M.)
Buchanan, J., nitrate industry

and our German cousins, 47
Bullowa, J. G. M., and J.
Alexander. (See Alexander, J.)
Burette for estimation of carbon
dioxide, 61

molecular weight of in latex, 35
Carbon and hydrogen, direct union

at high temperatures, 125
atomic weight, 21, 173
determination in iron and steel,
266

estimation in iron and steel and
iron alloys by direct combus-
tion, 193, 221

solid, cementation of iron by,
108

dioxide, burette for estimation
of, 61

influence of non-electrolytes on
on solubility in water, 10
modification of Pettenkofer's
method, 146, 203
petzite heated in, 134
solubility of, 105
disulphide, change into gaseous
product condensable and ex-
plosive about temperature of
liquid air, 86
monosulphide, 63
Deninger's, 249
monoxide in steel, determina-
tion of, 63

reduction of iron oxide by, 96
subaitride, 119
tetrachloride, action on some
minerals, 120
tetrachloride, gaseous, action

on anhydrides and oxides, 108
Carbonates, alkaline acid, 23
with hydrogen peroxide of crys.

tallisation and true percarbon-
ates, difference between, 36
Carbonium perchiorates, 96
Carbonyls, metallic, 163

Carboys, method of emptying,
146

Carpaine, constitution, 125
Carteighe, M. (obituary), 260
Cassal, N. C., estimation of sali-

cylic acid by distillation of its
dilute aqueous solutions, 289
Castor seed, 300
Catalogue of scientific books, 84
Cathode rays, conversion into
Röntgen rays, 237
influence on precious stones, 47

227

Cereals, moisture determination
applied to, reg
Cerium, separation from cerium

earths, substitution of bro-
mine and iodine for chlorine
in, 31, 109
Challenger, F., and F. S. Kipping,

organic derivatives of silicon,
65,163

Chaney, N. K., and F. D. Chatt-

away. (See Chattaway, F. D.)
Chapman, D. L., and P. S.

MacMahon, interaction of
hydrogen and chlorine, 141, 221
Charpy, G., and S. Bonnerot,

cementation of iron by solid
carbon, 108
Chattaway, F. D., Berthollet's
view of the nature of chlorine,

37
Davy's advocacy of the view
that chlorine is a simple body,

73
discovery of chlorine by Scheele,

79

and F. A. Mason, halogen de-
rivatives of malonanilide,
ethyl malonanilate and malon-
anilic acid, 79

and J. M. D. Olmsted, action of
aromatic amines on ethyl
malonate, 164
Chaudier, J., and E. Chauvenet,
radio-activity of halogen and
oxynalogen compounds of
thorium, 120
Chauvenet, E., and J. Chaudier.
(See Chaudier, J.)

Chelsea, South-Western Poly-

technic Institute, 84, 132
Chemical and mineral industries,
relation between, 21
constitution and absorption
spectra, relation between, 124
energy, electrical nature of, 115
Society, 9, 20, 64, 77, 104, 124,
141, 163, 210, 219, 237, 248, 282,
295

address to the King, 282
banquet to Past-Presidents,
167, 216, 240

report of Council, 210

92

Chemists, research, 75
Cheneveau, C., magnetic balance
of M. Curie and C. Cheneveau,
236

Chesneau, G., analysis of niobites
and tantalites, 71
Chlorates, estimating in presence
of nitrates and chlorides, 38,
158
Chlorides, chromous, 106
isomeric, 106

effects on solubility of boric acid,
248

Chlorine absorption apparatus, 77
action on phenylcarbamide, 79
and hydrogen, interaction, 141,

221

atomic weight, 264

Berthollet's view of nature of, 37
Davy's advocacy of view that it
is a simple body, 73
discovery by Scheele, 25
elementary nature of, 50
free, gravimetric determination
by means of metallic silver,

201

substitution of bromine and
1odine for in separation of
cerium from other cerium
earths, 31, 109

luminosity, 63

Colloids, influence on solubility of
gases in water, 105
Colson, A., ammonia soda, its

present state and its future,
81

necessity of confirming reac-
tions, 48
Coltsfoot, taradiol, new divalent
alcohol from, 47
Comet, Halley, 158, 179, 187, 197
Comey, A. M., true melting-point
of trinitrotoluene, 277
Coniferæ, resin acids of, 66
Conifers, etholides of, 251
Coniine, aosorption spectra as
vapours, liquids, and in solu-
tion, 248
Constants, physico-chemical, cal-
culating additive, 224
Constitution, spectroscopic deter-
mination of, 251
Cooper, L. H., and W. J. Dibdin.
(See Dibdin, W J.)
Copper and nickel alloys, 83
indirect estimation of, 284
acetates, 77
citrates, 77
tartrates, 77
Copthorne, H. N., and O. Eisen-
schiml. (See Eisenschiml, O.)

stability of B-ketoaldehydes, 216
Cowap, M. D., L. Mond, and H.
Hirtz. (See Mond, L.)
Cows, composition of milk of on
pasture manured with potash
and phosphates, 178
Creighton, H. J. M., and A.
Findlay. (See Findlay, A.)
Crookes, Sir W., scandium, 49,
281

Crossley, A. W., and C. Gilling,
action of ethyl cyanoacetate
on 5-chloro-11-dimethyl-A-
cyclohexen-3-one, 125

and Gertrude H. Wren, 3:5-
dichloro-ortho-phthalic acid,

67

Croze, F., prolongation of ban

spectrum of nitrogen in ex-
treme red and infra-red, 251
Crucibles, 193
Cryoscopy in concentrated solu-
tions, 204

Crystals of silver sulphate and di-
chromate, 209

Crystalline products of hydration
of portland cement, 224
Cullinan diamond, weight and
value of carat weight, 254
Cumming, A. C., gas-washing
bottles with slight resistance
to passage of a gas, 39
isolation of stable salt hydrates
with special reference to
stable hydrates of sodium car-
bonate, 141
Cunningham, E., velocity of
steady fall of spherical
particles through a fluid
medium, 64
Cupri-compounds, citrates, tart-
rates, acetates, 77
Curarine, antagonism of nicotine
by, 140
Curie, M., and C. Cheneveau,
magnetic balance of, 236
Mdme. P., and A. Debierne,
polonium, 85
Cuthbertson, C. and Maude, re-
fraction and dispersion of
argon, and re-determination
of dispersion of helium, neon,
krypton, and xenon, 190
Cyanide, commercial, analysis of,
18

DALE, H. H., and G. Barger.
(See Barger, G.)

Danaila, M., synthesis of 5.7.5'7'-
tetrabromo and tetrachloro-
indigo, 84

oxidation of dimethylaniline
isatines, 23

Darmois, E., artificial camphor,
276

Darwin centenary celebration, 82
Darzens, G., catalytic hydrogena-

tion of quinolinic and aromatic
bases, 51

new method of synthesising un-
saturated ketones, 216
Das, T. N., indirect estimation of
copper, 284

new method of estimating chlor-
ates in presence of nitrates
and chlorides, 38, 158
properties of precipitay silver,