Elements of Mental Philosophy, Tom 1

Thomas Cogswell Upham

Harper & brothers, 1855

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Section	17

Reasons for regarding this a preliminary truth	24

IMMATERIALITY OF THE MIND	30

Section	31

Comparative state of the mind and body in dreaming	36

Memory and testimony considered as sources of belief	42

Evidence of the general arrangement from consciousness	48

Classification of the intellectual states of the mind	55

The idea of space not of external origin	245

The idea of space has its origin in suggestion	246

Characteristic marks of the notion of space	247

Of the origin of the idea of power	249

Origin of the idea of the first or primitive	250

Of the ideas of right and wrong	251

Origin of the ideas of moral merit and demerit	252

Of other elements of knowledge developed in suggestion	253

DIVISION FIRST THE INTELLECT OR UNDERSTANDING INTELLECTIVE OR INTELLECTUAL STATES OF THE MIND PART FIRST THE ...	57

ORIGIN OF KNOWLEDGE IN GENERAL Section 36 Connexion of the mind with the material world	59

Of the origin or beginnings of knowledge	60

Our first knowledge in general of a material or external origin	62

Further proof of the beginnings of knowledge from external causes	64

The same subject further illustrated	65

Subject illustrated from the case of James Mitchell	66

Illustration from the case of Caspar Hauser	67

Of connatural or innate knowledge	69

The doctrine of innate knowledge not susceptible of proof	70

The doctrine tried by the idea of a	71

The discussion of this subject superseded and unnecessary	73

Further remarks on the rise of knowledge by means of the senses	74

SENSATION AND PERCEPTION 48 Sensation a simple mental state originating in the senses 49 All sensation is properly and truly in the mind	76

Sensations are not images or resemblances of objects	78

The connexion between the mental and physical change not sus ceptible of explanation 52 Of the meaning and nature of perception 53 Of the primar...	80

Of the connexion of the brain with sensation and perception	85

Order in which the senses are to be considered	86

Of the sense and sensation of smell	87

Design and uses of the senses of smell and taste	89

THE SENSE OF HEARING 63 Organ of the sense of hearing	90

Nature of sonorous bodies and the medium of the communication of sound	91

Varieties of the sensation of sound	92

Manner in which we learn the place of sounds	93

Application of these views to the art of ventriloquism	94

Uses of hearing and its connexion with oral language	96

THE SENSE OF TOUCH 69 Of the sense of touch and its sensations in general	97

Idea of externality suggested in connexion with the touch	98

THE SENSE OF SIGHT	105

Measurements of magnitude by the	111

84	116

85	117

Objection to a reliance on the senses	123

90	125

CELE 91	127

92	129

93	130

94	131

97	134

Of habit in relation to the smell	137

Application of habit to the touch	143

Sensations may possess a relative as well as positive increase	149

Muscular habits regarded by some writers as involuntary	155

Of the influence of habit on our conceptions	161

Of the subserviency of our conceptions to description	162

Of conceptions attended with a momentary belief	163

Conceptions which are joined with perceptions	165

Conceptions as connected with fictitious representations	167

SIMPLICITY AND COMPLEXNESS OF MENTAL STATES 122 Origin of the distinction of simple and complex	168

Nature and characteristics of simple mental states	169

Simple mental states representative of a reality	170

Origin of complex notions and their relation to simple	171

Supposed complexness without the antecedence of simple feelings	172

The precise sense in which complexness is to be understood	173

Illustrations of analysis as applied to the mind	174

Complex notions of external origin	175

Of objects contemplated as wholes	176

Something more in external objects than mere attributes or qual ities	177

Imperfections of our complex notions of external objects	178

CHAP XIIABSTRACTION 134 Abstraction implied in the analysis of complex ideas	180

Instances of particular abstract ideas	181

Mental process in separating and abstracting them	182

Of generalizations of particular abstract mental states	183

Of the importance and uses of abstraction	184

GENERAL ABSTRACT IDEAS 139 General abstract notions the same with genera and species	185

Early classifications sometimes incorrect	186

Illustration of our earliest classifications	187

Of the nature of general abstract ideas	188

Objection sometimes made to the existence of general notions	190

The power of general abstraction in connexion with numbers c	191

Of general abstract truths or principles	192

Of different opinions formerly prevailing	193

Of the opinions of the Realists	194

Of the opinions of the Nominalists	195

Further remarks of Brown on general abstractions	197

OF ATTENTION 153 Of the general nature of attention	198

Of different degrees of attention	199

Dependance of memory on attention	200

Of exercising attention in reading	202

Alleged inability to command the attention	203

158	204

Connexion of dreams with our waking thoughts	205

Dreams are often caused by our sensations	206

Explanation of the incoherency of dreams 1st cause	207

Second cause of the incoherency of dreams	208

Apparent reality of dreams 1st cause	209

Apparent reality of dreams 2d cause	210

Of our estimate of time in dreaming	211

Section Page 166 Of the senses sinking to sleep in succession	213

General remarks on cases of somnambulism	214

Further illustrations of somnambulism	216

DIVISION FIRST THE INTELLECT OR UNDERSTANDING INTELLECTIVE OR INTELLECTUAL STATES OF THE MIND PART SECOND TH...	219

INTERNAL ORIGIN OF KNOWLEDGE Bection Page 169 The soul has fountains of knowledge within	221

Declaration of Locke that the soul has knowledge in itself	222

Opinions of Cudworth on the subject of internal knowledge	223

Further remarks of the same writer on this subject	224

Writers who have objected to the doctrine of an internal source of knowledge	226

Knowledge begins in the senses but has internal accessions	228

Instances of notions which have an internal origin	229

Imperfections attendant on classifications in mental philosophy	231

CHAP IIORIGINAL SUGGESTION 177 Import of suggestion and its application in Reid and Stewart	232

Ideas of existence mind selfexistence and personal identity	234

Origin of the idea of externality	236

Idea of matter or material existence	237

Origin of the idea of motion	238

Of the nature of unity and the origin of that notion	239

Nature of succession and origin of the idea of succession	240

Origin of the notion of duration	241

243 186 Marks or characteristics of time	243

Suggestion a source of principles as well as of ideas	254

CONSCIOUSNESS 196 Consciousness the second source of internal knowledge its nature	256

Further remarks on the proper objects of consciousness	257

Consciousness a ground or law of belief	258

Instances of knowledge developed in consciousness	259

Of committing to writing as a means of aiding the memory	260

RELATIVE SUGGESTION OR JUDGMENT 200 Of the susceptibility of perceiving or feeling relations	261

Occasions on which feelings of relation may arise	262

Of the use of correlative terms	263

Section Page 204 Of relations of identity and diversity	264

Of axioms in connexion with relations of identity and diversity	265

Relations of degree in adjectives of the positive form	266

III Of relations of proportion	268

V Of relations of time	270

VI Of relations of possession	271

VII Of relations of cause and effect	272

Of complex terms involving the relation of cause and effect	273

Connexion of relative suggestion or judgment with reasoning	274

Reasons for considering this subject here	275

Meaning of association and illustrations	276

Of the general laws of association	277

Resemblance the first general law of association	278

Resemblance in every particular not necessary	279

Of resemblance in the effects produced	280

Contrast the second general or primary law	281

Contiguity the third general or primary law	282

Cause and effect the fourth primary law	284

Secondary laws and their connexion with the primary	285

Of the influence of lapse of time	286

Secondary law of repetition or habit	287

Of the secondary law of coexistent emotion	288

Original difference in the mental constitution	289

The foregoing law as applicable to the sensibilities	290

Of association caused by present objects of perception	292

Causes of increased vividness in these instances	294

CASUAL ASSOCIATIONS I INTELLECTUAL 233 Association sometimes misleads our judgments	295

Casual association in respect to the place of sensation	296

Connexion of our ideas of extension and time	297

Of high and low notes in music	298

Connexion of the ideas of extension and colour	299

Consider the kind of evidence applicable to the subject	300

Tendency of the mind to pass from the sign to the thing signified	301

Whether there be heat in fire c	302

DURATION OF MEMORY	303

Benefit of examining such connexions of thought	304

Power of the will over mental associations	305

Association controlled by indirect voluntary power	306

Further illustrations of indirect voluntary power	307

MEMORY 245 Remarks on the general nature of memory	309

Of differences in the strength of memory	310

Of circumstantial memory or that species of memory which is 249 Illustrations of specific or circumstantial memory	312

Of philosophic memory or that species of memory which is based on other relations than those of contiguity	315

Further illustrations of philosophic memory	317

Of that species of memory called intentional recollection	318

Instance illustrative of the preceding	319

Mental action quickened by influence on the physical system	333

First cause of permanently vivid conceptions or apparitions Morbid sensibility of the retina of the	338

Connexion of this doctrine with the final judgment and a future	339

Methods of relief adopted in this case Page	340

Third cause of excited conceptions Attacks of fever	341

Fourth cause of apparitions and other excited conceptions In flammation of the brain	342

Facts having relation to the fourth cause of excited conceptions 429	344

Grounds of the selection of propositions	345

Of disordered or alienated sensations	346

Of disordered or alienated external perception	347

Disordered state or insanity of original suggestion	348

Unsoundness or insanity of consciousness	349

Insanity of the judgment or relative suggestion	350

Of reasoning à fortiori	351

Illustrations of this mental disorder	352

Of partial insanity or alienation of the memory	353

Of the power of reasoning in the partially insane	354

Instance of the above form of disordered reasoning	355

Of readiness of reasoning in the partially insane	356

Use of definitions and axioms in demonstrative reasoning	357

Insanity or alienation of the power of belief	358

Idea of total insanity or delirium	359

Of perception in cases of total or delirious insanity	360

Of association in delirious insanity	361

Illustration of the above section	362

Of the nature of moral certainty	363

Of the power of reasoning in total or delirious insanity	364

Of the form of insanity called furor or madness	365

Of the causes of the different kinds of insanity	366

Of moral accountability in mental alienation	367

Of the imputation of insanity to individuals	368

Of reasoning by induction	369

s on the mind of debating for victory instead of truth CHAP XIV IMAGINATION	379

Definition of the power of imagination	384

Process of the mind in the creations of the imagination 309 Further remarks on the same subject	385

Grounds of the preference of one conception to another 312 Illustration of the subject from Milton 313 The creations of the imagination not entirely ...	387

Feelings of sympathy aided by the imagination	398

COMPLEX IDEAS OF INTERNAL ORIGIN 321 Of complex ideas of external origin	399

Nature of complex ideas of internal origin 323 Of complex notions formed by the repetition of the same thing	400

Of the help afforded by names in the combination of numbers	401

Instances of complex notions made up of different simple ideas	402

Not the same internal complex ideas in all languages	404

Origin of the complex notion of a Supreme Being	406

Section DIVISION FIRST THE INTELLECT OR UNDERSTANDING INTELLECTIVE OR INTELLECTUAL STATES OF THE MIND PART THI...	409

CONNEXION OF THE MIND AND BODY	411

The mind constituted on the principle of a connexion with the body	412

Illustration of the subject from the effects of old	413

The connexion of the bodily system with the mental shown from the effects resulting from diseases	414

Shown also from the effects of stimulating drugs and gases	415

Influence on the body of excited imagination and passion	416

This doctrine of use in explaining mental phenomena	417

EXCITED CONCEPTIONS OR APPARITIONS 335 Of excited conceptions and of apparitions in general 336 Of the less permanent excited concepti...	418

437	437

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Elements of Mental Philosophy: Embracing the Two Departments of the ..., Tom 1
Thomas Cogswell Upham
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Thomas Cogswell Upham
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Thomas Cogswell Upham
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Kluczowe wyrazy i wyrażenia

abstract ideas action antecedent apparent magnitude appear apply ascribed assert association attention belief body called cause ception circumstances colour combined complex notion conceptions connexion consciousness consequence consideration considered constitution Cudworth degree direct distance distinct doctrine dreams effect eral evidence exercise existence experience express extension external objects fact give habit hearing Hence human voice illustrated instance intel intellectual internal origin James Mitchell jects knowledge language matter means memory mental mental philosophy merely mind nature nexion Nominalists notice occasion operations outward papillæ particular perceive perception person personal identity philosophy possess present principle propositions qualities reasoning reference relation remark resemblance respect retina rience sensation sense of touch sidered sight simple smell somnambulism somnambulist soul sound speak statement suggested supposed susceptible taste term things tion train of thought true truth tympanum visual perception volition whole words writers

Informacje bibliograficzne

Tytuł	Elements of Mental Philosophy, Tom 1 Elements of Mental Philosophy, Thomas Cogswell Upham
Autor	Thomas Cogswell Upham
Wydawca	Harper & brothers, 1855
W formie oryginalnej	Uniwersytet Minnesoty
W formie cyfrowej	5 Kwi 2013

Eksportuj cytowanie	BiBTeX EndNote RefMan

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