A Grammar of SpeechOxford University Press, 1995 - 264 This book provides an innovative analysis of English grammar in the spoken form. Hitherto, most grammars of English have relied heavily on the written language, and this excludes much normal spoken discourse. This work offers an alternative view of the structure of spoken English based on naturally-occurring language data. A Grammar of Speech has relevance for many areas related to linguistics, such as Artificial Intelligence, computational linguistics, and machinetranslation. First Prize English Speaking Union's Duke of Edinburgh Book Competition |
Spis treści
Product and process | 10 |
Used language | 24 |
Scholarly background | 36 |
syntactic | 42 |
Four and fiveelement chains | 50 |
35555 | 56 |
Suspension in simple chains | 62 |
The relationship between elements | 69 |
Nominal elements | 151 |
Prenominal specification | 159 |
15 | 167 |
Illocutionary force | 173 |
More talk about talk | 179 |
Theme | 187 |
17 | 190 |
Question types | 195 |
Indeterminacy and ambiguity | 71 |
1244 | 79 |
Nonfinite verbal elements | 84 |
Sample of data | 100 |
10 | 113 |
Verbal element do | 119 |
Same or different referent? | 127 |
12 | 131 |
Zero realization in finite second predications | 133 |
Open selectors | 139 |
Selection by predication | 145 |
What can go wrong? | 203 |
constraints | 209 |
A linear analysis | 215 |
20 | 216 |
Uses of a linear account of grammar | 222 |
A users model? | 228 |
Language learning and teaching | 234 |
Appendix | 240 |
Glossary | 247 |
| 256 | |
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achieved adverbial element alternative amazing story asking exchanges asking increments car park chain-initial chapter circumstances communicative value concerned condition constituents conversational daughter described differentiated time reference discourse earlier event examples existential selection expected fact finite follows friend told function giddy happened hearer Hurst Street indeterminacy Initial instance Intermediate intonation kind language linguistic listener little old lady look modals multi-storey car park necessary nominal elements non-finite forms non-finite verbal elements notion occur open selector participants particular possible post-nominal potential present communicative need probably proclaiming tone produced prominent syllables purpose question recognize referring tone represent require roundabout rule system satisfy search your car second predication sense selection sentence grammars sequencing rules similar sitting situation situationally speaker specify subchain suspensive syntactic Target telling increment thing tone unit users utterance verbs woman words zero realization