Phosphorus in the Global Environment: Transfers, Cycles and ManagementWiley, 5 gru 1995 - 462 Phosphorus is one of the world's vital but relatively scarce resources, which is a limiting factor in plant (and therefore food and fibre) production. This volume brings together data and concepts on the transfers and transformations of phosphorus. Although the phrase "biogeochemical cycle" is commonly used to describe the fate of elements in the environment, it has become apparent that for phosphorus, linear transfers from land to rivers to lakes and seas are more typical. In some regions, these transfers are augmented by the addition of mined phosphates and manures, and surplus phosphates need to be managed with care. Environmental managers need to incorporate an understanding of phosphorus transfers into their decision making. However, the controls on phosphorus transfers through landscapes are complex, and an integrated approach by terrestrial and aquatic scientists is needed to develop such an understanding. The use of waterbodies as sensitive and fragile indicators of phosphorus losses from surrounding watersheds is an important step towards a comprehensive scientific approach. Processes which limit plant production are often well understood but socio-economic constraints limit remedial measures and must form part of a comprehensive approach to phosphorus management. |
Spis treści
Obstacles To Efficient P | 27 |
Beaton | 42 |
Phosphorus Balance In European Agriculture | 43 |
Prawa autorskie | |
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accumulation acid agricultural algae algal alley cropping amount animal manure apatite aquatic ecosystems aquatic systems arable areas average Balaton basin bioavailability biological biomass calcite catchment concentration crop cultivated cycling decrease deposition dissolved effects Environment environmental erosion estimate estuaries eutrophication export fertilisation fertilizer application Figure flux forest global ground water growth rates heavy metal important increased inorganic inputs kg ha-1 kg P ha-1 Lake Balaton lakes land landscape layer leaching load loss maize meadow mg kg-1 mineral mineralisation mycorrhizal N:P ratios nitrogen non-point nutrient limitation organic matter oxides Oxisols particulate Phosphorus Phosphorus cycles phytoplankton plant precipitation processes production reduced regions release residues retention rhizosphere riparian rivers rock phosphate root sewage Sharpley soil test soluble solution sorbed sorption species stream surface runoff Table Tiessen transfer transport tropical uptake vegetation Vertisol watershed yield Zala River zone